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Evaluating the BED capture enzyme immunoassay to estimate HIV incidence among adults in three countries in sub-Saharan Africa
Serological assays for estimating HIV-1 incidence are prone to misclassification, limiting the accuracy of the incidence estimate. Adjustment factors have been developed and recommended for estimating assay-based HIV-1 incidence in cross-sectional settings. We evaluated the performance of the recommended adjustment factors for estimating incidence in national HIV surveys in three countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The BED-capture enzyme immunoassay was applied to stored blood specimens from (1) pregnant women aged 15-49 years attending antenatal clinics in Cote d'Ivoire (1998-2004), (2) adults aged 15-49 years participating in a demographic health survey in Kenya (2003), and (3) adults aged 15-49 years participating in a national household serosurvey in
South Africa (2005). Assay-derived incidence estimates were corrected for misclassification using recommended adjustment factors and, where possible, were compared to mathematically modeled incidence in the same populations. Trends in HIV prevalence were compared to trends in assay-derived incidence to assess plausibility in the assay-derived trends.
Expression of biologically active envelope glycoprotein from the acutely pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsmmPBj
The full-length envelope (env) gene from the most acutely pathogenic primate lentivirus described so far, the simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsmmPBj14 was expressed by a recombinant vaccinia virus vector (vv-env4) and was completely characterized as a previous step for its use as an immunogen in vaccination trials. Radioimmunoprecipitation and Western blot experiments indicated that SIVsmmPBj gp160 precursor was processed into gp120 and gp41 subunits, and that gp120 was released into the medium. Flow cytometry analysis showed that recombinant SIVsmmPBj was transported to and expressed on the surface of vvenv4-infected cells. Biochemical analysis of virus-like particles produced by coinfection of cells with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing SIVsmmPBj Env (vv-env4) and Gag (vv-wtgag) proteins revealed that the Env glycoprotein was incorporated into core-like particles. Furthermore, cells expressing SIVsmmPBjenv gene products were found to undergo fusion with the same CD4+ cell lines in which the whole provirus has been shown to form syncytia. © 1994 Kluwer Academic Publishers.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe