Kinetics of Surfactant Adsorption at Fluid-Fluid Interfaces: Surfactant Mixtures

The adsorption at the interface between an aqueous solution of several surface-active agents and another fluid (air or oil) phase is addressed theoretically. We derive the kinetic equations from a variation of the interfacial free energy, solve them numerically and provide an analytic solution for the simple case of a linear adsorption isotherm. Calculating asymptotic solutions analytically, we find the characteristic time scales of the adsorption process and observe the behavior of the system at various temporal stages. In particular, we relate the kinetic behavior of the mixture to the properties of its individual constituents and find good agreement with experiments. In the case of kinetically limited adsorption, the mixture kinetics is found to be considerably different from that of the single-surfactant solutions because of strong coupling between the species.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Langmui

Implanting sustainability in business strategies : CSR, ethics or the law

This paper elucidates the conundrum faced by Australian businesses in developing &lsquo;sustainable&rsquo; business strategies that are acceptable to a multiplicity of stakeholders. A content analysis of the web pages for leading Australian companies indicates that there is little tangible evidence that sustainable business practices are being implemented. The authors propose several directions for research into substantive issues between ethical behaviour, corporate social responsibility and environmentally sustainable behaviour for businesses. Each of these areas is developing research in relative isolation. However, we argue that this paradigmatic divide is limiting the opportunities for research to provide real insight into seemingly intractable problems.<br /

ダイガク ノ ジュギョウ ニ オケル ブンカ ノ ジュウヨウセイ

Intercultural communication has always been an important issue but as the globalization of business and leisure propels international contact at an amazing rate, intercultural communication is a phrase heard more and more often.The culture we have acquired as we grow up of course influences how we communicate. Our culture endows us with a set of expectations as to how people should act and react when we communicate with them. When communicating within our own culture group these expectations are met. When we are placed in a foreign or multicultural environment, however, we may find that our expectations are inaccurate. A course in cross-cultural communication or intercultural communication helps us manage our behavior so that it harmonizes better with the local culture. We learn more about foreign cultures, how to become more understanding, open and tolerant of what is different and if the culture norms of specific countries are examined, a set of “dos and don'ts”.At present these courses are offered only to students from the Faculty of Education yet students from all faculties often ask their teachers for cultural information during their regular English classes. The results of a survey of students in the Faculties of Education and Technology show that students believe that this information is important, necessary for their future careers and are interested in taking such courses.departmental bulletin pape

The Use of the SW TOEIC Test in University English Education

departmental bulletin pape

A sustainable fashion company\u27s transition from home to mass production: An exploratory study

The purpose of this study is to document the transition of a small fashion company from home to mass-produced sustainable apparel. The case company is a two-person apparel company whose mission is to create sustainable, natural goddess wear. In 2017, with increasing orders, Unalome\u27s proprietors decided to cease home sewing and contract for mass. To delve deeply into this topic and to incorporate multiple sources of data (e.g., interviews, company website, social media, and internal documents), the case study research approach was chosen. Several themes emerged from data analysis, the most prominent being the company\u27s strong and clear mission that sustainability is a necessity for both people and planet. However, the more specific vision for the company was driven entirely by the designer/founder and was not easily communicated, which caused confusion. These results will provide a lens through which to view the company\u27s successes and challenges as it moves forward

The Benefits of Doing the Practice Half-test for Students Taking the Full TOEIC

Background: The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the half TOEIC test can be an effective and useful tool in preparing students for the real or actual full test. In addition, the question as to whether the test can be used as a reliable indicator of future scores in the full test will be discussed along with possible reasons why it does or does not reflect the full test scores. We will begin with a brief history of the TOEIC test and how it is used in Kagawa University followed by an analysis of the data and finally our resulting conclusions.departmental bulletin pape

A two-neuron system for adaptive goal-directed decision-making in Lymnaea

During goal-directed decision-making, animals must integrate information from the external environment and their internal state to maximize resource localization while minimizing energy expenditure. How this complex problem is solved by the nervous system remains poorly understood. Here, using a combined behavioural and neurophysiological approach, we demonstrate that the mollusc Lymnaea performs a sophisticated form of decision-making during food-searching behaviour, using a core system consisting of just two neuron types. The first reports the presence of food and the second encodes motivational state acting as a gain controller for adaptive behaviour in the absence of food. Using an in vitro analogue of the decision-making process, we show that the system employs an energy management strategy, switching between a low- and high-use mode depending on the outcome of the decision. Our study reveals a parsimonious mechanism that drives a complex decision-making process via regulation of levels of tonic inhibition and phasic excitation

Assessment of peer presentations as an instructional tool in an introductory fashion course

The purpose of this study is to determine if student knowledge of influential fashion designers increased in response to peer presentations and if students valued this method of learning. In an introductory fashion course, pairs of students developed and delivered a short oral and visual presentation about an assigned designer. Pre- and posttests asked about familiarity with these designers. Through paired sample t-test, there is strong evidence (t = 15.04, p = .000) that peer presentations improved student recognition of designers and their contributions. These results were supported by the qualitative data. Before presentations, students reported not knowing many of the designers. After presentations, students noted that they could now see the influence of these designers on current trends. Overwhelmingly, students appreciated peer presentations, calling them fun and really interesting. Based on data analysis, peer presentations were thus considered an effective pedagogical technique in teaching fashion-related content

A Pedagogical Justification for Teaching Presentation Skills in English Language Classes

Background:The second year Communicative English classes are general education classes that focus on productive English, and the course is divided into two themes: Speaking and Writing. These Communicative English classes are taught by both native English speakers and Japanese teachers of English and are available to all second year students. At present there are fifty classes offered in both the first and second semester and on average there are about 25 students per class. During the academic year the speaking themed course (CEIII) is taught in the first semester and the writing themed course (CEIV) is taught in the second semester.This paper is divided into two sections: the first describes the rationale behind teaching presentation skills in the CEIII classes, and the second describes the individual skills students learn, and the benefits of these skills in advancing students' overall English proficiency.departmental bulletin pape