An optical investigation of air particle flows.

This thesis is a fundamental study of air-particle flow fields where the experimental parameters are characteristics of coal-fired electricity generating stations. The optical flow field measurement technique Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was adapted to study the particle flow fields and, in addition to the velocity vector map, particle concentration information was obtained. On phenomenon under investigation was the formation of ropes (high density ribbons of pulverised coal) in a small scale model of the pneumatically driven pulverised fuel transport lines of coal-fired power staions. The main findings of the study were that ropes form in bends and, when in contact with the bend wall, ropes are slowed by frictional forces. After they leave the bend, ropes fall throught he main airflow, maintaining their coherence. If the length of horizontal pipework is sufficiently long, the ropes will form a deposit. The Froude number is the relevant scaling parameter for the deposit's equilibrium position since the dominant influence on this position is the distance, L(f,s), for the rope to slow to zero when it is travelling along the bottom of the duct. The equilibrium position of the deposit, for a given Froude number is dependant upon the air-to-particle ratio: the higher this ratio then the further downstream the deposit. The factors influencing particle jet dispersal were investigated in view of their relevance to the coherence of the ropes. This study is also of relevance to the behavior of coal burner systems where an air-coal mixture is injected into a complex, usually swirling, airflow. The broad conclusions of the experimental results are as follows: 1. For a given particle loading and background velocity, the behavior trends of air-particle jets issued into a background airflow at velocities comparable to the mainstream values are similar to the theoretical description of singlee-phase jets which was derived by Squire and Troucer (1944). These general trends are as follows: (a)As the issuing velocity of the jet increases, its concentration half-width increases. (b)As the issuing veloccity of the jet increases, the rate of decrease of the centre-line velocity decreases, almost linearly with injection velocity. 2. For a given jet velocity, the higher the air-particle loading of the jet, the less the jet disperses and the less rapid the acceleration of the jet. 3. For a given relative velocity ratio between the jet and the background airflow, the higher the background airflow velocity, the more the jet disperses, the greater the rate odd acceleration of the jet and the more uniform the cross-sectional velocity profile

A Worksite Occupational Health Clinic-Based Diabetes Mellitus Management Program

This study is an analysis of a workplace diabetes management program offered to employees of a Fortune 100 financial services corporation located in the United States. The 12-month worksite-based educational program was for employees who were at risk for diabetes, had prediabetes, or were diagnosed with diabetes. This employed population, with health benefits, generally had acceptable control of their diabetes at the start of the program. They statistically improved most self-efficacy measures, but improvement in biometric tests at 6 and 12 months were not significantly different from baseline. Mean hemoglobin A1c at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months was 7.2%, 7.2%, and 7.3%, respectively. At 12 months, about 40% of preprogram survey participants completed all screenings and the post-program questionnaire. Disease management programs at the workplace can be an important component in helping employees enhance their knowledge of diabetes and maintain and improve their health. (Population Health Management 2015;18:429?436)Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/140190/1/pop.2014.0141.pd

Theories of behaviour change synthesised into a set of theoretical groupings: Introducing a thematic series on the Theoretical Domains Framework

Behaviour change is key to increasing the uptake of evidence into healthcare practice. Designing behaviour-change interventions first requires problem analysis, ideally informed by theory. Yet the large number of partly overlapping theories of behaviour makes it difficult to select the most appropriate theory. The need for an overarching theoretical framework of behaviour change was addressed in research in which 128 explanatory constructs from 33 theories of behaviour were identified and grouped. The resulting Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) appears to be a helpful basis for investigating implementation problems. Research groups in several countries have conducted TDF-based studies. It seems timely to bring together the experience of these teams in a thematic series to demonstrate further applications and to report key developments. This overview article describes the TDF, provides a brief critique of the framework, and introduces this thematic series. In a brief review to assess the extent of TDF-based research, we identified 133 papers that cite the framework. Of these, 17 used the TDF as the basis for empirical studies to explore health professionals’ behaviour. The identified papers provide evidence of the impact of the TDF on implementation research. Two major strengths of the framework are its theoretical coverage and its capacity to elicit beliefs that could signify key mediators of behaviour change. The TDF provides a useful conceptual basis for assessing implementation problems, designing interventions to enhance healthcare practice, and understanding behaviour-change processes. We discuss limitations and research challenges and introduce papers in this series

For Those Who Grew Too Fast

This volume welcomes you amid multiple global epidemics. It welcomes you home, hoping that these words provide visibility, comfort, introspection, and roadmap for pushing boundaries. We know we are tired, we know we are facing uncertainty at every turn, and we know that connection is wearing thin. This collection of words serves as an “I see you,” as an “I am with you,” as an “I love you.” These pieces came together toward end of the Spring 2020, when a group of first-year and transfer students came together to speak their existence. They bring memories and a reminder that together we can construct a culture that builds upon our truth and possibility. Education can be an epicenter of civic imagination, innovative directions in service justice, and above all, radical love. This volume is a testament to this. Welcome to First-Gen Voices Volume Nine: For Those Who Grew Too Fast

Solution structure of the dimerization domain of ribosomal protein P2 provides insights for the structural organization of eukaryotic stalk

The lateral stalk of ribosome is responsible for kingdom-specific binding of translation factors and activation of GTP hydrolysis that drives protein synthesis. In eukaryotes, the stalk is composed of acidic ribosomal proteins P0, P1 and P2 that constitute a pentameric P-complex in 1: 2: 2 ratio. We have determined the solution structure of the N-terminal dimerization domain of human P2 (NTD-P2), which provides insights into the structural organization of the eukaryotic stalk. Our structure revealed that eukaryotic stalk protein P2 forms a symmetric homodimer in solution, and is structurally distinct from the bacterial counterpart L12 homodimer. The two subunits of NTD-P2 form extensive hydrophobic interactions in the dimeric interface that buries 2400 Å2 of solvent accessible surface area. We have showed that P1 can dissociate P2 homodimer spontaneously to form a more stable P1/P2 1 : 1 heterodimer. By homology modelling, we identified three exposed polar residues on helix-3 of P2 are substituted by conserved hydrophobic residues in P1. Confirmed by mutagenesis, we showed that these residues on helix-3 of P1 are not involved in the dimerization of P1/P2, but instead play a vital role in anchoring P1/P2 heterodimer to P0. Based on our results, models of the eukaryotic stalk complex were proposed

Solution structure of the dimerization domain of ribosomal protein P2 provides insights for the structural organization of eukaryotic stalk

The lateral stalk of ribosome is responsible for kingdom-specific binding of translation factors and activation of GTP hydrolysis that drives protein synthesis. In eukaryotes, the stalk is composed of acidic ribosomal proteins P0, P1 and P2 that constitute a pentameric P-complex in 1: 2: 2 ratio. We have determined the solution structure of the N-terminal dimerization domain of human P2 (NTD-P2), which provides insights into the structural organization of the eukaryotic stalk. Our structure revealed that eukaryotic stalk protein P2 forms a symmetric homodimer in solution, and is structurally distinct from the bacterial counterpart L12 homodimer. The two subunits of NTD-P2 form extensive hydrophobic interactions in the dimeric interface that buries 2400 Å2 of solvent accessible surface area. We have showed that P1 can dissociate P2 homodimer spontaneously to form a more stable P1/P2 1 : 1 heterodimer. By homology modelling, we identified three exposed polar residues on helix-3 of P2 are substituted by conserved hydrophobic residues in P1. Confirmed by mutagenesis, we showed that these residues on helix-3 of P1 are not involved in the dimerization of P1/P2, but instead play a vital role in anchoring P1/P2 heterodimer to P0. Based on our results, models of the eukaryotic stalk complex were proposed

The ‘cognitive apprenticeship’ model and postgraduate research supervision: mind the gap

The ‘cognitive apprenticeship’ is an application of social learning theory, whereby the student models the ‘master’ in order to learn a required set of skills, and is often the dominant approach in postgraduate research supervision practice. The theory proposes that learning which takes place in a ‘real world’ context is the most effective, but it does not offer any guidance on negotiating the tensions which may arise as a result of the contextual differences between the professional and academic backgrounds of supervisor and student. Reflecting on the research supervision of a Professional Doctorate student who then transferred to PhD study, this presentation will illustrate the tensions and challenges relating to teaching, learning and applying academic research skills in clinical practice. During the supervision journey, an in-depth understanding of the different cultures and values within these two disciplines has developed and been successfully negotiated in order to manage both the demands of doctoral research and the post-doctoral career aspirations of the student. The results of this observation have implications for the application of pedagogical theory in teaching research methods