Application of remote sensing indices in determining the interrelation between condition of tree stands and myrmecofauna in forests of Wigry National Park

Presented work is aimed at investigating potential correlations between remote sensing vegetation indices and local ant populations. Research was conducted in summer of 2017 in Wigry National Park in two types of forest habitats: coniferous (Serratulo-Pinetum) and deciduous (Tilio-Carpinetum). NDVI and MCARI2 vegetation indices were measured with the use of a drone and yielded comparable correlations with ant-related quantities. We determined that the presence of ants from Formica group is positively correlated with vegetation indices, while the correlation between Myrmica and Lasius ants and vegetation indices is more complex

Opioids activate brain analgesic circuits through cytochrome P450/epoxygenase signaling.

To assess the importance of brain cytochrome P450 (P450) activity in opioid analgesic action, we generated a mutant mouse with brain neuron-specific reductions in P450 activity; these mice showed highly attenuated morphine antinociception compared with controls. Pharmacological inhibition of brain P450 arachidonate epoxygenases also blocked morphine antinociception in mice and rats. Our findings indicate that a neuronal P450 epoxygenase mediates the pain-relieving properties of morphine. © 2010 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved