The Formation and Growth of Black Holes in the Universe: New cosmological clues

In the last few years a change of paradigm occurred in the field of black hole research. We now believe, that stellar mass black holes are created in powerful gamma ray bursts. Stellar remnants of the first generation of stars have very likely been the seeds of supermassive black holes, which we find dormant in the centers of most nearby galaxies - including our own Milky Way. A tight correlation between black hole mass and the global properties of their host galaxies indicates a co-formation and evolution of black holes and galaxies. The X-ray sky is dominated by a diffuse extragalactic background radiation, which our team, together with others, was able to resolve almost completely into discrete sources using the X-ray satellites ROSAT, Chandra and XMM-Newton. Optical and NIR follow-up identifications showed, that we observe the growth phase of the population of supermassive black holes throughout the history of the Universe. The accretion history derived from X-ray observations shows, that the black holes have been formed together or even before the bulk of the stars in galaxies. Major mergers between two galaxies seem to play an important role in the feeding of black holes. In a nearby merger event we could identify a double supermassive black hole in a single galaxy for the first time, which will merge in the future. In addition, we discovered several normal galaxies, in which an otherwise dormant black hole disrupts and swallows a normal star, which came too close. In this seminar I try to put these findings into a closed scenario about the formation and evolution of black holes. In addition I will discuss the roles and discovery potential of the proposed X-ray observatories DUO, ROSITA and XEUS.Organiser(s): Rolf Landua / PH-EP UnitNote: Tea and coffee will be served at 16.00 hrs</I

L1544 1.2 and 2mm emission maps

VizieR online Data Catalogue associated with article published in journal Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics with title 'Search for grain growth towards the center of L1544.' (bibcode: 2017A&amp;A...606A.142C

Water ice spectra toward the Pipe Nebula

VizieR online Data Catalogue associated with article published in journal Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics with title 'The first frost in the Pipe Nebula.' (bibcode: 2018A&amp;A...610A...9G

The multi-phase gaseous halos of star forming late-type galaxies I. XMM-Newton observations of the hot ionized medium

This study presents first results from an X-ray mini-survey carried out with XMM-Newton to investigate the diffuse Hot Ionized Medium in the halos of nine nearby star-forming edge-on spiral galaxies. Diffuse gaseous X-ray halos are detected in eight of our targets, covering a wide range of star formation rates from quiescent to starburst cases. For four edge-on spiral galaxies, namely NGC 3044, NGC 3221, NGC 4634, and NGC 5775, we present the first published high resolution/sensitivity detections of extended soft X-ray halos. EPIC X-ray contour maps overlaid onto Ha imaging data reveals that in all cases the presence of X-ray halos is correlated with extraplanar Diffuse Ionized Gas. Moreover, these halos are also associated with non-thermal cosmic ray halos, as evidenced by radio continuum observations. Supplemental UV-data obtained with the OM-telescope at 210 nm show Diffuse Ionized Gas to be well associated with UV emission originating in the underlying disk. Beside NGC 891, NGC 4634 is the second non-starburst galaxy with a diffuse soft X-ray halo (|z| = 4 kpc). In case of NGC 3877, for which we also present the first high resolution X-ray imaging data, no halo emission is detectable. EPIC pn spectra (0.3-12 keV) of the diffuse X-ray emission are extracted at different offset positions from the disk, giving evidence to a significant decrease of gas temperatures, electron densities, and gas masses with increasing distance to the plane. A comparison between dynamical and radiative cooling time scales implies that the outflow in all targets is likely to be sustained. We find very strong indications that spatially correlated multi-phase gaseous halos are created by star forming activity in the disk plane. In a forthcoming paper, we will present multi-frequency luminosity relations and evaluate key parameters which might trigger the formation of multi-phase galaxy halos. ESO 2006

H_2_O spectra of 29 nearby Class 0/I protostars

VizieR online Data Catalogue associated with article published in journal Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics with title 'Water in star-forming regions with Herschel (WISH). V. The physical conditions in low-mass protostellar outflows revealed by multi-transition water observations.' (bibcode: 2014A&amp;A...572A..21M

Velocities of Planetary Nebula in 5 galaxies

VizieR online Data Catalogue associated with article published in journal Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics with title 'Planetary Nebula Spectrograph survey of S0 galaxy kinematics. Data and overview.' (bibcode: 2013A&amp;A...549A.115C

Catalog of planetary nebulae in NGC 3379

VizieR online Data Catalogue associated with article published in journal Astronomical Journal (AAS) with title 'The PN.S elliptical galaxy survey: data reduction, planetary nebula catalog, and basic dynamics for NGC 3379.' (bibcode: 2007ApJ...664..257D