1,846 research outputs found
Chern-Simons-fermion model of quarks
We propose an extension of the standard model where quarks are viewed as
fermions with a ``bare'' integer (weak) hypercharge which is normalized with a
fractional part created by a quantized topological Chern-Simons configuration
of the weak gauge fields. Consistency with hypercharge patterns not included in
the standard model is shown.Comment: 4 pages, Revtex, no figure
Unification of standard and exotic matter through a symmetry
We consider a scenario in which the discrete weak symmetry between quarks and
leptons is extended to the weak force by introducing exotic partners. We
conjecture that there exists a hidden discrete symmetry , defining a
group, between standard and exotic quarks and leptons. The unified model
is discussed, where
the unifying discrete symmetry extends over particles and forces. It is shown
that the lighter neutral and charged weak bosons generated upon spontaneous
symmetry breaking have the same properties as those of the standard model.
Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitarity is used to set a mass of order 2.8 TeV for
the nonstandard weak bosons, which do not exhibit quark-lepton universality. A
grand unified theory of type, with decay of exotic matter into standard matter and no
decay of the ordinary nucleon, is put forward.Comment: 6 pages, no figure
Electroweak quark-lepton symmetry and weak topological-charge confinement in the Standard Model with Dirac neutrinos
The standard electroweak model with Dirac neutrinos is extended by way of the
principles of electroweak quark-lepton symmetry and weak topological-charge
confinement to account for quark-lepton charge relations which, if not
accidental, are indicative of charge structures. A mixing in quarks and leptons
of underlying integer local charges with integer weak topological charges
associated with an additive group Z_3, fixed by the anomaly cancellation
requirement, is discussed. It is found that the electroweak difference between
topological quarks and leptons is the nonequivalence between the topological
vacua of their weak field configurations, produced by a four-instanton which
carries the topological charge, induces the universal fractional piece of
charge distinguishing quarks from leptons, and breaks the underlying symmetry.
The constituent quarks of the standard model appear as coming from topological
quarks, via the weak four-instanton event. Dual transitions occur for leptons.
It is shown that several other fundamental problems left open in the standard
electroweak model with Dirac neutrinos are solved: the one-to-one
correspondence between quark and lepton flavors, the existence of three
generations, the conservation and ungauging of B-L, the electric charge
quantization, and the confinement of fractional electric charges.Comment: 23 pages, 1 figure, uses IJMPA.cl
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