Depressie en angst bij Turkse en Marokkaanse minderheidsgroepen in Nederland: Prevalentie, symptomen, risico- en beschermende factoren in de algemene bevolking. Een spstematische review

background In clinical practice, psychiatrists experience difficulties in treating depression and anxiety in patients with a non-Western cultural background. Is this the result of differences in symptom profile, or are different risk factors involved? aim To present a review of the findings in population studies on the prevalence, symptoms, risk factors and protective factors for depressive disorders and anxiety disorders in Turkish and Moroccan minorities, compared to the Dutch majority population. METHOD A systematic review of the literature. results Eighteen publications were selected, based on nine datasets.The prevalence of depressive disorders and anxiety disorders was increased in the Turkish minority population, compared to the Dutch native population.The symptom profile was highly comparable between minority and majority groups, as well as association of the risk factors neuroticism and physical impairments with depression. Discrimination was a risk factor, and participation in the Dutch society a protective factor in the minority groups. In all ethnic groups, active coping and positive religious coping were associated with less depressive symptoms. conclusion The increased prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders in Turkish-Dutch patients calls for new preventive and treatment initiatives in this population.These initiatives need to address subgroup- specific risk factors, in particular discrimination and lack of social participation, as well as the common risk factors that apply to all population groups

Acculturation and psychological distress among non-Western muslim migrants: a population-based survey.

Background: Political and social developments point at increasing marginalization of Muslim migrants, but little is known about its consequences for the mental health of this particular group. Aim: To explore the relationship between acculturation and psychological distress among first-generation Muslim migrants from Turkey and Morocco in the Netherlands. Methods: A cross-sectional study. Respondents were interviewed in their preferred language. Acculturation was measured with the Lowlands Acculturation Scale (LAS) and psychological distress with the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Data were complete for 321 subjects and analyzed with multivariate linear regression. Results: Less skills for living in Dutch society was associated with distress (p = 0.032). Feelings of loss were related to distress among Moroccans (p = 0.037). There was an interaction between traditionalism and ethnic background ( p = 0.037); traditionalism was related to less distress among Moroccans (p = 0.020), but not among Turkish. Finally, there was an interaction by gender among Turks (p = 0.029); conservative norms and values seemed to be related to distress among men (p = 0.062), not women. Conclusion: Successful contact and participation in Dutch society, and maintenance of heritage culture and identity were moderately associated with less psychological distress. Improving mastery of the dominant language in host societies, and allowing migrants to preserve their traditions, might be effective measures in improving the mental well-being of migrants. © The Author(s), 2011