Visualization of performance antipattern detection results

In many cases developers do not understand appearing performance problems after the implementation or some changes. The problems can often be traced back to same root causes, which are present in many different software systems. Some of these problems are collected and analyzed, called anti-patterns, and can be detected by software diagnosis tools. Thus, organizations are using application performance management (APM) tools, to detect bottlenecks and other performance problems in their product. To support the developers, this thesis will deal with visualization of detected anti-patterns. Information about the anti-pattern, individual data from the system under test (SUT) to understand the problem and their solutions are a part of the report. The result of the work will be a prototype framework, which uses available diagnosis and APM results to generate the visualized based report, e.g. stack traces and time series.Oftmals verstehen Entwickler nicht, wieso ihre Softwaresysteme Performance-Probleme aufweisen, nachdem sie es implementiert oder verändert haben. Diese Probleme können meistens auf schon bekannte Ursachen zurückgeführt werden. Die bekannten Ursachen, auch als Anti-Pattern bekannt, können von Software-Diagnosewerkzeuge erkannt werden. Solche Programme nutzen Messdaten von Application Performance Management (APM) Systemen und werten diese aus. Sobald ein Performance-Problem gefunden wird, werden die Ergebnisse in Form eines Berichts präsentiert. In dieser Arbeit geht es um die Erweiterung dieser Informationsberichte. Um die Entwickler daringehend zu unterstützen, dass sie das Performance-Problem verstehen und die Ursache herausfinden können, wird in dieser Arbeit versucht, solche Daten visuell darzustellen. Das Ergebnis dieser Arbeit wird ein Prototyp sein, welcher visuelle Berichte für gefundene Anti-Pattern erstellt

Unternehmensbewertung nach HFA 2/1983: Ausländische Einkünfte, steuerliches Anrechnungsverfahren, Ausschüttungspolitik

Bei einer Unternehmensbewertung nach IDW müssen grundsätzlich persönliche Einkommensteuern berücksichtigt werden. Nach dem früheren Anrechnungsverfahren (bis 2000) führten ausländische Einkünfte auf Ebene der Kapitalgesellschaft häufig zu steuerfreien Eigenkapitalzugängen. Bei Ausschüttung an den Anteilseigner unterlagen die Dividenden aber der persönlichen Einkommensteuer. Das Arbeitspapier untersucht, wie unter diesen Bedingungen die Besteuerung sachgerecht bei der Bewertung berücksichtigt werden sollte. -- The German Standard for Business Valuation usually requires allowing for personal income taxes in computing a company value. Until 2000 Germany had a Corporation Tax Imputation System. Foreign income often was tax-exempt on a corporate level, but dividends from that income were taxed by personal income tax. The paper analyzes how taxes should be included in business valuation under these special circumstances to produce adequate results.Unternehmensbewertung,Bewertungsstandard,international,ausländische Einkünfte,Besteuerung,Einkommensteuer,Körperschaftsteuer,Anrechnungsverfahren,Dividendenpolitik,objektivierter Wert,IDW,Institut der Wirtschaftsprüfer,Business Valuation,Valuation Standard,HFA 2/1983,IDW,Institut der Wirtschaftspruefer,Germany,International,Foreign Income,Taxation,Personal Income Tax,Corporate Income Tax,Corporation Tax Imputation System,Dividend Policy

Design and construction of a laboratory system for neuromuscular stimulation of the lower extremities during cycling

Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation (FNS) is a method by which paralyzed muscles are stimulated electrically in order to produce a useful movement. The design and testing of a laboratory system for the modulated control of the lower extremities during FNS-induced cycling on an exercising device (Paracycle) is described. The system hardware, which is designed around a standard IBM compatible Personal Computer, features six independent stimulation channels. Waveform characteristics such as pulse frequency, width and amplitude are defined as a function of the crank position of the Paracycle for each channel. An extensive software package allows programmability of the waveform parameters and supports the user in the definition of stimulation sequences. The effective performance of the complete FNS-controller/ Paracycle system has been demonstrated during a controlled case study with two paraplegic subjects

Near-equilibrium measurement of quantum size effects using Kelvin probe force microscopy

In nano-structures such as thin films electron confinement results in the quantization of energy levels in the direction perpendicular to the film. The discretization of the energy levels leads to the oscillatory dependence of many properties on the film thickness due to quantum size effects. Pb on Si(111) is a specially interesting system because a particular relationship between the Pb atomic layer thickness and its Fermi wavelength leads to a periodicity of the oscillation of two atomic layers. Here, we demonstrate how the combination of scanning force microscopy (SFM) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) provides a reliable method to monitor the quantum oscillations in the work function of Pb ultra-thin film nano-structures on Si(111). Unlike other techniques, with SFM/KPFM we directly address single Pb islands, determine their height while suppressing the influence of electrostatic forces, and, in addition, simultaneously evaluate their local work function by measurements close to equilibrium, without current-dependent and non-equilibrium effects. Our results evidence even-odd oscillations in the work function as a function of the film thickness that decay linearly with the film thickness, proving that this method provides direct and precise information on the quantum states.Comment: This document is the unedited author's version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in Nanoscale, copyright Royal Society of Chemistry after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see doi belo

A fully coupled regularized mortar-type finite element approach for embedding one-dimensional fibers into three-dimensional fluid flow

The present article proposes a partitioned Dirichlet-Neumann algorithm, that allows to address unique challenges arising from a novel mixed-dimensional coupling of very slender fibers embedded in fluid flow using a regularized mortar-type finite element discretization. The fibers are modeled via one-dimensional (1D) partial differential equations based on geometrically exact nonlinear beam theory, while the flow is described by the three-dimensional (3D) incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The arising truly mixed-dimensional 1D-3D coupling scheme constitutes a novel approximate model and numerical strategy, that naturally necessitates specifically tailored solution schemes to ensure an accurate and efficient computational treatment. In particular, we present a strongly coupled partitioned solution algorithm based on a Quasi-Newton method for applications involving fibers with high slenderness ratios that usually present a challenge with regard to the well-known added mass effect. The influence of all employed algorithmic and numerical parameters, namely the applied acceleration technique, the employed constraint regularization parameter as well as shape functions, on efficiency and results of the solution procedure is studied through appropriate examples. Finally, the convergence of the two-way coupled mixed-dimensional problem solution under uniform mesh refinement is demonstrated, a comparison to a 3D reference solution is performed, and the method's capabilities in capturing flow phenomena at large geometric scale separation is illustrated by the example of a submersed vegetation canopy

Thermoelectricity of near-resonant tunnel junctions and their near-Carnot efficiency

The resonant tunneling model is the simplest model for describing electronic transport through nanoscale objects like individual molecules. A complete understanding includes not only charge transport but also thermal transport and their intricate interplay. Key linear response observables are the electrical conductance G and the Seebeck coefficient S. Here we present experiments on unspecified resonant tunnel junctions and molecular junctions that uncover correlations between $G$ and $S$, in particular rigid boundaries for $S(G)$. We find that these correlations can be consistently understood by the single-level resonant tunneling model, with excellent match to experiments. In this framework, measuring $I(V)$ and $S$ for a given junction provides access to the full thermoelectric characterization of the electronic system. A remarkable result is that without targeted chemical design, molecular junctions can expose thermoelectric conversion efficiencies which are close to the Carnot limit. This insight allows to provide design rules for optimized thermoelectric efficiency

Die Sqeezable Nanojunction Methode: thermoelektrische und optische Untersuchungen an mechanisch kontrollierten Nanostrukturen

The common context of the present dissertation is the (re)invention and iterative development of an experimental method: the Sqeezable Nanojunction (SNJ). A particularly outstanding feature of the SNJ is its ability to approach two chip surfaces with atomic precision and essentially free of drift. The potential of the SNJ as a multiphysics experimental platform is demonstrated by its application to two fields of physics: Thermoelectricity of nanojunctions and light-matter interaction in varied electromagnetic environments.Der gemeinsame Kontext der vorliegenden Dissertation ist die (Wieder-) Erfindung und schrittweise Neuentwicklung einer experimentellen Methode: der Sqeezable Nanojunction (SNJ). Besonderes Herausstellungsmerkmal der SNJ ist die Fähigkeit, Oberflächen zweier Chips mit atomarer Präzision und weitgehend frei von Drift aneinander anzunähern. Das Potenzial der SNJ als multiphysikalische Experimentierplattform wird anhand der Anwendung auf zwei physikalische Themengebiete demonstriert: Thermoelektrizität von Nanokontakten sowie Licht-Materie Wechselwirkung in variierten elektromagnetischen Umgebungen

Characterization of phenolic compounds and their contribution to sensory properties of olive oil

Olive oil is not only known for its pungent, bitter, and fruity taste, but also for its health potential, which is often hypothesized to depend on its phenolic compounds. One hundred extra virgin olive oil samples (monocultivaric as well as blends of varieties) were assessed with regard to their sensory properties and phenolic compound composition. Nineteen phenolic compounds have been determined and correlated with sensory data. In all olive oil samples, oleocanthal and oleacein were the most abundant phenolic compounds, with average amounts of 77.9 mg/kg and 41.8 mg/kg, respectively. The highest correlation coefficient between a sensory descriptor and the phenolic compounds was found for the bitter taste sensation and the total phenolic content with r = 0.72 and in particular, for 3,4-DHPEA-EA, with r = 0.57. Intensity plots were assessed for the three main sensory descriptors fruitiness, bitterness, pungency, and for the quality factor harmony, which is associated with the degree of ripeness aroma of olive oil. Positive correlations for the aroma descriptors freshly cut grass, leaves, and nuts, and the phenolic compounds were especially observed for oleoside 11-methylester and vanillic acid. The present study provides a comprehensive database of phenolic compounds in olive oils from six different varieties and seven countries

Nanoboomerang-based inverse metasurfaces - a promising path towards ultrathin photonic devices for transmission operation

Metasurfaces have revolutionized photonics due to their ability to shape phase fronts as requested and to tune beam directionality using nanoscale metallic or dielectric scatterers. Here we reveal inverse metasurfaces showing superior properties compared to their positive counterparts if transmission mode operation is considered. The key advantage of such slot-type metasurfaces is the strong reduction of light in the parallel-polarization state, making the crossed-polarization, being essential for metasurface operation, dominant and highly visible. In the experiment, we show an up to four times improvement in polarization extinction for the individual metasurface element geometry consisting of deep subwavelength nanoboomerangs with feature sizes of the order of 100 nm. As confirmed by simulations, strong plasmonic hybridization yields two spectrally separated plasmonic resonances, ultimately allowing for the desired phase and scattering engineering in transmission. Due to the design flexibility of inverse metasurfaces, a large number of highly integrated ultra-flat photonic elements can be envisioned, examples of which include monolithic lenses for telecommunications and spectroscopy, beam shaper or generator for particle trapping or acceleration or sophisticated polarization control for microscopy