Processing of biocompatible materials on a polymer basis by a lowtemperature plasma at atmospheric pressure

In the present work we investigated the effect of low-temperature treatment in the flow of argon on composite materials based on Poly-L-lactide/Hydroxyapatite (PL/HA) in the ratio of 70/30 and hydroxyapatite and lactide and glycolide copolymer (SLG-HA) in the ratio of 10/90. Physical-chemical properties were obtained by investigation of phase state of the modified surface layer by X-ray analysis, chemical composition by IR-spectroscopy, as well as contact angle

Temporal Variations among Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Serotypes in Children and Adults in Germany (1992–2008)

Nationwide surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease has been conducted in Germany since 1992. From 1992 to 2008, a total of 12,137 isolates from invasive pneumococcal disease were collected. Data on serotypes were available for 9,394 invasive isolates. The leading serotypes were serotypes 14 (16.5%), 3 (8.0%), 7F (7.6%), 1 (7.3%), and 23F (6.0%). Variations in serotype distribution over the years are particularly extensive, especially concerning serotype 14 (min 7.4%, max 33.5%) with the highest percentages among the isolates serotyped from around 1997 to 2006. Serotypes 1 and 7F increased over the last decade. No increase was observed concerning serotype 19A. Higher pneumococcal conjugate vaccine coverages were observed among children (7v, 57.3%; 10v, 72.8%; 13v, 83.5%) than among adults (7v, 39.9%; 10v, 55.5%; 13v, 73.5%). The temporal variations in serotype distribution have to be kept in mind when interpreting vaccine coverages reported in epidemiological studies

Macrolide susceptibility and serotype specific macrolide resistance of invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Germany from 1992 to 2008

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Macrolide resistant <it>Streptococcus pneumoniae </it>has been on a gradual increase in Germany for over a decade. The current study was undertaken against the background of the recent observation of declining macrolide resistance rates especially among German children. Nationwide surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease has been conducted in Germany since 1992. A population- and laboratory-based approach was used to collect data on invasive pneumococcal disease, and isolates sent to the National Reference Center for Streptococci by diagnostic microbiological laboratories from 1992 to 2008 were included in this study.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>From 1992 to 2008, data on macrolide susceptibility were available for 11,807 invasive isolates. 8,834 isolates (74.8%) were from adults (≥ 16 years), and 2,973 isolates (25.2%) from children (< 16 years). The overall nonsusceptibility rate of all isolates was 16.2% (intermediate, 0.2%; resistant, 16.0%). Higher resistance rates were observed among children (intermediate, 0.2%; resistant, 23.8%) than among adults (intermediate, 0.3%; resistant 13.4%). Maximum nonsusceptibility rates during the period under study were observed in 2005 (children: intermediate, 0.3%; resistant, 32.3%; adults: intermediate, 0.0%; resistant, 18.6%), while nonsusceptibility rates in 2008 were considerably lower, especially for children (children: intermediate, 0.0%; resistant, 15.2%; adults: intermediate, 0.1%; resistant, 12.9%). The rate of resistance was higher among the vaccine serotypes (7-valent, 36.6%; 10-valent, 28.2%; 13-valent, 24.3%) than among the non vaccine serotypes (non 7-valent, 6.5%; non 10-valent, 7.4%; non 13-valent, 6.3%). Serotype 14 (69.6% nonsusceptibility) proved to be the most resistant serotype.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>There has been a considerable and statistically significant decrease in macrolide nonsusceptibility in Germany since 2005, especially among children.</p

Композиционные материалы для микропроцессорных изделий на основе LTCC систем BaO-B[2]O[3]-SiO[2]/Al[2]O[3]

International audienceContinuous nationwide surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) has been conducted in Germany. From 1992–2008, 12 137 IPD isolates were collected, including 2201 isolates (18.1%) from patients with meningitis and 9936 isolates (81.9%) from non-meningitis cases. Data on penicillin susceptibility were available for 11 814 invasive isolates. Categorisation of penicillin susceptibility according to the former Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines resulted in 4.3% intermediate and 1.2% resistant isolates. When the new CLSI 2008 guidelines are applied, considerably higher resistance rates are observed in the meningitis group (6.5% resistant) than among the non-meningitis cases (0.0% resistant, 0.3% intermediate)

Исследование режимов работы синхронного электропривода для регулирующей трубопроводной арматуры

Объект исследования – режимы работы синхронного электропривода для регулирующей трубопроводной арматуры. Предмет исследования – синхронный двигатель с постоянными магнитами. В данной выпускной квалификационной работе произведен синтез параметров регуляторов синхронного электропривода переменного тока. Электропривод выполнен на основе синхронного двигателя с постоянными магнитами.Object of study - operating modes of a synchronous electric drive for control valves. The subject of research is a permanent magnet synchronous motor. In this final qualification work, the synthesis of the parameters of the regulators of a synchronous AC electric drive is made. The electric drive is made on the basis of a permanent magnet synchronous motor