safe transients for pipe survey in a real transmission main by means of a portable device the case study of the trento i supply system

Abstract In this paper the possibility of using transient tests, generated by the Portable Pressure Wave Maker (PPWM) device, as a powerful tool for singularity detection, is checked in a real transmission main. During tests, small pressure waves – with an entity smaller than 1 m of water column – are injected by means of the PPWM, just upstream of the end reservoir. The results of the field test are discussed in terms of the time needed to prepare the experiments, their repeatability, and effectiveness of the injected pressure waves

Prescription appropriateness of anti-diabetes drugs in elderly patients hospitalized in a clinical setting: evidence from the REPOSI Register

Diabetes is an increasing global health burden with the highest prevalence (24.0%) observed in elderly people. Older diabetic adults have a greater risk of hospitalization and several geriatric syndromes than older nondiabetic adults. For these conditions, special care is required in prescribing therapies including anti- diabetes drugs. Aim of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness and the adherence to safety recommendations in the prescriptions of glucose-lowering drugs in hospitalized elderly patients with diabetes. Data for this cross-sectional study were obtained from the REgistro POliterapie-Società Italiana Medicina Interna (REPOSI) that collected clinical information on patients aged ≥ 65 years acutely admitted to Italian internal medicine and geriatric non-intensive care units (ICU) from 2010 up to 2019. Prescription appropriateness was assessed according to the 2019 AGS Beers Criteria and anti-diabetes drug data sheets.Among 5349 patients, 1624 (30.3%) had diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. At admission, 37.7% of diabetic patients received treatment with metformin, 37.3% insulin therapy, 16.4% sulfonylureas, and 11.4% glinides. Surprisingly, only 3.1% of diabetic patients were treated with new classes of anti- diabetes drugs. According to prescription criteria, at admission 15.4% of patients treated with metformin and 2.6% with sulfonylureas received inappropriately these treatments. At discharge, the inappropriateness of metformin therapy decreased (10.2%, P < 0.0001). According to Beers criteria, the inappropriate prescriptions of sulfonylureas raised to 29% both at admission and at discharge. This study shows a poor adherence to current guidelines on diabetes management in hospitalized elderly people with a high prevalence of inappropriate use of sulfonylureas according to the Beers criteria

Una prospettiva multiscalare per le Green policies. Il caso della Franciacorta: dalla pianificazione locale all’area vasta.

Nell’articolo si presentano obiettivi e azioni per la realizzazione di un piano d’area vasta con particolare attenzione alle tematiche energetiche, della qualità agroalimentare e del paesaggio e alla mobilità sostenibile. Il territorio proposto come caso studio possiede già un bagaglio di best practices relative alla capacità di condividere e mettere a sistema indirizzi ed obiettivi comuni legati alla sostenibilità ambientale: questo primo sforzo può essere riconosciuto e valorizzato con una sistematizzazione delle risorse disponibili per definire chiaramente le potenzialità inespresse e le attività che l’attore pubblico può intraprendere per migliorare la qualità della vita dei cittadini. Le politiche legate alle sostenibilità della vita nelle città possono essere gestite a livelli territoriali differenti a seconda delle caratteristiche dell’ambiente: il caso della Franciacorta infatti non solo è portatore di interessi e buone pratiche costruite con approcci bottom-up, ma ha per dimensioni geografiche, demografiche ed economiche il peso di una città come quella di Brescia, ovvero una città di medie dimensioni per il panorama italiano. Ulteriori prospettive di lavoro potrebbero riguardare l’analisi degli effetti portati dalle azioni proposte in modo da valutare il raggiungimento degli obiettivi prefissati e chiudere il cerchio della pianificazione attraverso il monitoraggio. Tale monitoraggio, in parte già in essere, potrebbe essere affiancato al bilancio ambientale ed inoltre potrebbe permettere di valutare la portata delle green policies

Obesity and canine mammary tumors: correlations between BCS, adiponectin expression, clinical pathological features and overall survival

Obesity was identified as a risk factor for developing breast cancer in the women postmenopausal period and is also associated with a higher risk of lymph node metastasis (1). Obesity is associated with a worse prognosis also in the bitch (2). The aims of this study were to investigate: the correlation between body condition score (BCS) and some prognostic factors (overall survival, histology and grade of mammary gland tumours), the influence of diet on the BCS and the correlations between adiponectin expression, tumor histological type, histological grade and overall survival at 730 days after mastectomy. Seventy three bitches presenting with simple, complex or solid carcinomas of the mammary glands were included in the present study. For each dog, an accurate weight assessment was conducted using a nine-point BCS system and the study population was divided into three groups: normal weight (4-5/9)(n=42), overweight (6-7/9)(n=19) and obese (8-9/9)(n=12). Type of diet and eating habits were recorded. After surgical excision, histological type, tumor size, and nodal status were determined according to WHO criteria (3). Immunohistochemistry was performed for the evaluation of adiponectin expression using a mouse monoclonal anti adiponectin primary antibody (ab22554) and streptavidin peroxidase system as detection method. Staining intensity and staining distribution were both assessed with a specific 4 point scoring system. If the sum of scores was greater than 2, the sample was considered positive; otherwise, it was negative. No differences were found between BCS and histological types, while BCS was correlated to a worse histological grade (P<0.01). Overweight and obese bitches showed a shorter overall survival than normal weight bitches. Bitches fed with a homemade diet had a higher BCS than dogs fed with a commercial one, and it was observed a correlation between diet and overall survival of dogs after the mastectomy. A homemade diet seems to be generally worse probably because it is often unbalanced and not correctly integrated, predisposing to obesity and consequently increasing the risk of developing mammary gland carcinoma. In neoplastic mammary gland tissue, the adiponectin expression was positive for 36 samples (49%) and negative for 37 (51%). No statistical correlation was found between adiponectin expression, histological type and histological grade and, therefore, it can’t be considered a positive prognostic factor for mammary gland carcinoma in dogs. In conclusion, an higher BCS affects the survival time and the histological grade of breast canine mammary carcinoma

Safe Transients for Pipe Survey in a Real Transmission Main by Means of a Portable Device: The Case Study of the Trento (I) Supply System

Abstract In this paper the possibility of using transient tests, generated by the Portable Pressure Wave Maker (PPWM) device, as a powerful tool for singularity detection, is checked in a real transmission main. During tests, small pressure waves – with an entity smaller than 1 m of water column – are injected by means of the PPWM, just upstream of the end reservoir. The results of the field test are discussed in terms of the time needed to prepare the experiments, their repeatability, and effectiveness of the injected pressure waves

Prescription appropriateness of anti-diabetes drugs in elderly patients hospitalized in a clinical setting: evidence from the REPOSI Register

: Diabetes is an increasing global health burden with the highest prevalence (24.0%) observed in elderly people. Older diabetic adults have a greater risk of hospitalization and several geriatric syndromes than older nondiabetic adults. For these conditions, special care is required in prescribing therapies including anti- diabetes drugs. Aim of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness and the adherence to safety recommendations in the prescriptions of glucose-lowering drugs in hospitalized elderly patients with diabetes. Data for this cross-sectional study were obtained from the REgistro POliterapie-Società Italiana Medicina Interna (REPOSI) that collected clinical information on patients aged ≥ 65 years acutely admitted to Italian internal medicine and geriatric non-intensive care units (ICU) from 2010 up to 2019. Prescription appropriateness was assessed according to the 2019 AGS Beers Criteria and anti-diabetes drug data sheets.Among 5349 patients, 1624 (30.3%) had diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. At admission, 37.7% of diabetic patients received treatment with metformin, 37.3% insulin therapy, 16.4% sulfonylureas, and 11.4% glinides. Surprisingly, only 3.1% of diabetic patients were treated with new classes of anti- diabetes drugs. According to prescription criteria, at admission 15.4% of patients treated with metformin and 2.6% with sulfonylureas received inappropriately these treatments. At discharge, the inappropriateness of metformin therapy decreased (10.2%, P < 0.0001). According to Beers criteria, the inappropriate prescriptions of sulfonylureas raised to 29% both at admission and at discharge. This study shows a poor adherence to current guidelines on diabetes management in hospitalized elderly people with a high prevalence of inappropriate use of sulfonylureas according to the Beers criteria