A Microscopic Mechanism for Muscle's Motion

The SIRM (Stochastic Inclined Rods Model) proposed by H. Matsuura and M. Nakano can explain the muscle's motion perfectly, but the intermolecular potential between myosin head and G-actin is too simple and only repulsive potential is considered. In this paper we study the SIRM with different complex potential and discuss the effect of the spring on the system. The calculation results show that the spring, the effective radius of the G-actin and the intermolecular potential play key roles in the motion. The sliding speed is about $4.7\times10^{-6}m/s$ calculated from the model which well agrees with the experimental data.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure

Foreword

The Program in Law and Technology at the University of Dayton School of Law hosted a Scholarly Symposium on The Constitutionality of Protecting Factual Compilations on October 4-5, 2002, in Dayton, Ohio. Sponsored by Lexis-Nexis, Reed-Elsevier, Thomson-West, the Software & Information Industry Associations, and eBay, the Symposium provided a forum in which law professors, practicing attorneys, and law students could interact with business and technology professionals. These diverse parties engaged in spirited and insightful analysis and discussion of constitutional law issues associated with application of federal and state law to protect ownership of databases and other forms of factual compilations

Thermal Phase Transitions and Gapless Quark Spectra in Quark Matter at High Density

Thermal color superconducting phase transitions in three-flavor quark matter at high baryon density are investigated in the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) approach. We constructed the GL potential near the boundary with a normal phase by taking into account nonzero quark masses, electric charge neutrality, and color charge neutrality. We found that the density of states averaged over paired quarks plays a crucial role in determining the phases near the boundary. By performing a weak coupling calculation of the parameters characterizing the GL potential terms of second order in the pairing gap, we show that three successive second-order phase transitions take place as the temperature increases: a modified color-flavor locked phase (ud, ds, and us pairings) -> a ``dSC'' phase (ud and ds pairings) -> an isoscalar pairing phase (ud pairing) -> a normal phase (no pairing). The Meissner masses of the gluons and the number of gapless quark modes are also studied analytically in each of these phases.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figure

An AKARI Search for Intracluster Dust of Globular Clusters

We report the observations of 12 globular clusters with the AKARI/FIS. Our goal is to search for emission from the cold dust within clusters. We detect diffuse emissions toward NGC 6402 and 2808, but the IRAS 100-micron maps show the presence of strong background radiation. They are likely emitted from the galactic cirrus, while we cannot rule out the possible association of a bump of emission with the cluster in the case of NGC 6402. We also detect 28 point-like sources mainly in the WIDE-S images (90 micron). At least several of them are not associated with the clusters but background galaxies based on some external catalogs. We present the SEDs by combining the near-and-mid infrared data obtained with the IRC if possible. The SEDs suggest that most of the point sources are background galaxies. We find one candidate of the intracluster dust which has no mid-infrared counterpart unlike the other point-like sources, although some features such as its point-like appearance should be explained before we conclude its intracluster origin. For most of the other clusters, we have confirmed the lack of the intracluster dust. We evaluate upper limits of the intracluster dust mass to be between 1.0E-05 and 1.0E-03 solar mass depending on the dust temperature. The lifetime of the intracluster dust inferred from the upper limits is shorter than 5 Myr (T=70K) or 50 Myr (35K). Such short lifetime indicates some mechanism(s) are at work to remove the intracluster dust. We also discuss its impact on the chemical evolution of globular clusters.Comment: Accepted for publication in PASJ AKARI special issue. 14 pages, 11 figure

Electric Control of Spin Helicity in a Magnetic Ferroelectric

Magnetic ferroelectrics or multiferroics, which are currently extensively explored, may provide a good arena to realize a novel magnetoelectric function. Here we demonstrate the genuine electric control of the spiral magnetic structure in one of such magnetic ferroelectrics, TbMnO3. A spin-polarized neutron scattering experiment clearly shows that the spin helicity, clockwise or counter-clockwise, is controlled by the direction of spontaneous polarization and hence by the polarity of the small cooling electric field.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Blending Mathematics Teaching with Kindness

Mathematics can be intellectually demanding, engaging, and fulfilling. Learning mathematical concepts adequately warrants an environment where students can err without penalty, shame, or hurtful consequences. Teaching mathematics efficaciously depends on the trusting relationship between the teacher and the students. We advocate blending mathematics teaching with kindness because it benefits the teacher, the students, and society. Kindness, niceness, caring, and benevolence are interrelated but not synonymous. We outline four progressive levels of kindness: conditional, superficial, optimal, and genuine. Blending mathematics teaching and kindness effectively requires the teacher to decenter from their own perspectives and adopt the student’s perspective as the student struggles through a challenging math problem. The efficacy of blending teaching and kindness depends on the teacher’s inner cultivation of benevolence. In one’s journey towards teaching with genuine kindness, one would need self-knowledge, unwavering commitment, continual practice, collegial support, spiritual guidance, and mindful awareness

Melting Pattern of Diquark Condensates in Quark Matter

Thermal color superconducting phase transitions in high density three-flavor quark matter are investigated in the Ginzburg-Landau approach. Effects of nonzero strange quark mass, electric and color charge neutrality, and direct instantons are considered. Weak coupling calculations show that an interplay between the mass and electric neutrality effects near the critical temperature gives rise to three successive second-order phase transitions as the temperature increases: a modified color-flavor locked (mCFL) phase (ud, ds, and us pairings) -> a ``dSC'' phase (ud and ds pairings) -> an isoscalar pairing phase (ud pairing) -> a normal phase (no pairing). The dSC phase is novel in the sense that while all eight gluons are massive as in the mCFL phase, three out of nine quark quasiparticles are gapless.Comment: minor changes in the text, fig.2 modifie

Anisotropic magnetic diffuse scattering in an easy-plane type antiferromagnet ErNi2_{2}Ge2_{2}

We report on neutron scattering studies of a rare earth intermetallic compound ErNi$_{2}$Ge$_{2}$. Polarized neutron scattering experiments revealed that the magnetic ordered moment ${\bm m}$ lies in ab-plane. Taking account of a lack of the third higher harmonic reflection, ErNi$_{2}$Ge$_{2}$ is considered to have a helical magnetic structure. The magnetic scattering profiles along the $[100]^{\ast}$- and the $[110]^{\ast}$-directions are well described by the sum of Gaussian and modified-Lorentzian terms, even far below $T_{\scriptsize N}$, indicating that short-range orders coexist with a long-range order. Interestingly, the modified-Lorentzian-type diffuse scattering is not present in the profiles along the $[001]^{\ast}$-direction. The anisotropy of the diffuse scattering suggests that the short-range-order consists of one dimensional long-range helices along the c-axis.Comment: 4 pages, to be published in J. Phys.: Condens. Matter (HFM2008