37 research outputs found
Minimal dilatations of pseudo-Anosovs generated by the magic 3-manifold and their asymptotic behavior
This paper concerns the set of pseudo-Anosovs which occur
as monodromies of fibrations on manifolds obtained from the magic 3-manifold
by Dehn filling three cusps with a mild restriction. We prove that for each
(resp. ), the minimum among dilatations of
elements (resp. elements with orientable invariant foliations) of
defined on a closed surface of genus is
achieved by the monodromy of some -bundle over the circle obtained
from or by Dehn filling two cusps. These
minimizers are the same ones identified by Hironaka, Aaber-Dunfiled,
Kin-Takasawa independently. In the case we find a new
family of pseudo-Anosovs defined on with orientable invariant
foliations obtained from N(-6) or N(4) by Dehn filling two cusps. We prove that
if is the minimal dilatation of pseudo-Anosovs with orientable
invariant foliations defined on , then where is the minimal dilatation of
pseudo-Anosovs on an -punctured disk. We also study monodromies of
fibrations on N(1). We prove that if is the minimal dilatation
of pseudo-Anosovs on a genus 1 surface with punctures, then Comment: 46 pages, 14 figures; version 3: Major change in Section 2.1, and
minor correction
Chronic Inflammation and S100A12/ Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts Axis: A Novel Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease?
アレルゲンベツ ニ ミタ Iガタ アレルギー ノ ハッショウ ト アレルギー マーチ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ
We studied the onset of allergic diseases and allergy march in 1,029 children aged from 3 months-old to 18-years old.A clinical study showed the close relationship between atopic dermatitis and asthma,and between asthma and allergic rhinitis. Specific IgE to house dust, mites, pets and pollen was recognized to be positive in early infants aged 4- or 5 months-old.This finding is earlier than the previous report, indicate the recent increase of allergic disease. Allergy to food allergens, inhalanted allergens and contact allergens are linked each other, and tend to be IgE-mediated sensitization to multiallergen
A family of pseudo-Anosov braids with small dilatation
This paper describes a family of pseudo-Anosov braids with small dilatation.
The smallest dilatations occurring for braids with 3, 4 and 5 strands appear in
this family. A pseudo-Anosov braid with 2g+1 strands determines a hyperelliptic
mapping class with the same dilatation on a genus-g surface. Penner showed that
logarithms of least dilatations of pseudo-Anosov maps on a genus-g surface grow
asymptotically with the genus like 1/g, and gave explicit examples of mapping
classes with dilatations bounded above by log 11/g. Bauer later improved this
bound to log 6/g. The braids in this paper give rise to mapping classes with
dilatations bounded above by log(2+sqrt(3))/g. They show that least dilatations
for hyperelliptic mapping classes have the same asymptotic behavior as for
general mapping classes on genus-g surfaces.Comment: This is the version published by Algebraic & Geometric Topology on 12
June 200
Plasma S100A12 Levels and Peripheral Arterial Disease in End-Stage Renal Disease
Background: S100A12 is an endogenous ligand of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Plasma S100A12 levels are high in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is common in HD patients and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates in this population. To date, however, no study has specifically assessed the relationship between plasma S100A12 and PAD in HD patients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 152 HD patients in our affiliated hospital. We investigated PAD history and patient characteristics and quantified plasma S100A12 levels in all participants. Results: HD patients with PAD (n = 26; 21.9 [13.6–33.4] ng/ml) showed significantly higher plasma S100A12 levels than HD patients without PAD (n = 126; 11.8 [7.5–17.6]ng/ml; p Conclusion: These results suggest that plasma S100A12 levels are strongly associated with PAD prevalence in ESRD patients undergoing HD
Tempos modernos, novos partos e novas parteiras: o parto no Japão de 1868 aos Anos 1930
A Randomized Control Trail of Stepwise Treatment with Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray and Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Tablet for Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis
Background: In Japan, oral antihistamines are frequently used as the initial treatment for seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), and intranasal steroids are added when nasal symptoms worsen. This study aimed to evaluate whether starting treatment with fluticasone propionate nasal spray (FP) from the beginning of pollinosis symptoms and adding fexofenadine hydrochloride tablet (FEX) when SAR is aggravated could achieve improved amelioration of nasal symptoms throughout the pollen season in comparison with a treatment that involves starting with FEX and later adding FP.
Methods: In this pragmatic, randomized, open-label, parallel-group trial, 51 Japanese cedar pollinosis patients (age, 16–85 years) were randomly divided and administered FP 100 mcg twice daily as an initial drug with FEX 60 mg twice daily as an additional drug and the same treatment in the reverse order. Nasal symptoms were evaluated in a daily dairy using a 4-point scale. The primary outcome was area under curve of the line representing the daily total nasal symptom score in the pollen season on a graph.
Results: Initial treatment with FP was significantly (P=0.0015) more effective than initial treatment with FEX in improving the primary outcome. The average daily total nasal symptom score in the initial treatment with FP group was better than that in the initial treatment with FEX group throughout the pollen season.
Conclusions: Initiating treatment with FP and adding FEX might lead to improved outcomes for nasal symptoms in comparison with the same drugs administered in the reverse order
Insect hormones. XIX. Structures of stachysterone A, the first natural 27-carbon steroid with a rearranged methyl group, and stachysterone B
Tacrolimus for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis
Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor used for the treatment of corticosteroid-refractory ulcerative colitis (UC). Two randomized controlled trials and a number of retrospective studies have assessed the therapeutic effect of tacrolimus in UC patients. These studies showed that tacrolimus has excellent short-term efficacy in corticosteroid-refractory patients, with the rates of clinical response ranging from 61% to 96%. However, the long-term prognosis of patients treated with tacrolimus is disappointing, and almost 50% of patients eventually underwent colectomy in long-term follow-up. Tacrolimus can achieve mucosal healing in 40-50% of patients, and this is associated with a favorable long-term prognosis. Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antibodies are another therapeutic option in corticosteroid-refractory patients. A prospective head-to-head comparative study of tacrolimus and infliximab is currently being performed to determine which treatment is more effective in corticosteroid-refractory patients. Several retrospective studies have demonstrated that switching between tacrolimus and anti-TNF-α antibody therapy was effective in patients who were refractory to one of the treatments. Most adverse events of tacrolimus are mild; however, opportunistic infections, especially pneumocystis pneumonia, are the most important adverse events, and these should be carefully considered during treatment. Several issues on tacrolimus treatment in UC patients remain unsolved (e.g., use of tacrolimus as remission maintenance therapy). Further controlled studies are needed to optimize the use of tacrolimus for the treatment of UC