N=4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills on S^3 in Plane Wave Matrix Model at Finite Temperature

We investigate the large N reduced model of gauge theory on a curved spacetime through the plane wave matrix model. We formally derive the action of the N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on R \times S^3 from the plane wave matrix model in the large N limit. Furthermore, we evaluate the effective action of the plane wave matrix model up to the two-loop level at finite temperature. We find that the effective action is consistent with the free energy of the N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on S^3 at high temperature limit where the planar contributions dominate. We conclude that the plane wave matrix model can be used as a large N reduced model to investigate nonperturbative aspects of the N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on R \times S^3.Comment: 31pages: added comments and reference

脊髄虚血モニターとしての小脳誘発電位の有用性に関する検討

取得学位 : 博士（医学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博甲第1765号 , 学位授与年月日 : 平成18年3月22日, 学位授与大学 : 金沢大

Adipose-Derived Extract Suppresses IL-1 beta-Induced Inflammatory Signaling Pathways in Human Chondrocytes and Ameliorates the Cartilage Destruction of Experimental Osteoarthritis in Rats

We investigated the effects of adipose-derived extract (AE) on cultured chondrocytes and in vivo cartilage destruction. AE was prepared from human adipose tissues using a nonenzymatic approach. Cultured human chondrocytes were stimulated with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) with or without different concentrations of AE. The effects of co-treatment with AE on intracellular signaling pathways and their downstream gene and protein expressions were examined using real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. Rat AE prepared from inguinal adipose tissues was intra-articularly delivered to the knee joints of rats with experimental osteoarthritis (OA), and the effect of AE on cartilage destruction was evaluated histologically. In vitro, co-treatment with IL-1 beta combined with AE reduced activation of the p38 and ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), and subsequently downregulated the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4, IL-6, and IL-8, whereas it markedly upregulated the expression of IL-1 receptor type 2 (IL-1R2) in chondrocytes. Intra-articular injection of homologous AE significantly ameliorated cartilage destruction six weeks postoperatively in the rat OA model. These results suggested that AE may exert a chondroprotective effect, at least in part, through modulation of the IL-1 beta-induced inflammatory signaling pathway by upregulation of IL-1R2 expression

Anxiolytic-like effects of hochuekkito in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice involve interleukin-6 inhibition

Hochuekkito (HET) is a Kampo medicine used to treat postoperative and post-illness general malaise and decreased motivation. HET is known to regulate immunity and modulate inflammation. However, the precise mechanism and effects of HET on inflammation-induced central nervous system disorders remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the effect of HET on inflammation-induced anxiety-like behavior and the mechanism underlying anxiety-like behavior induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Institute of Cancer Research mice were treated with LPS (300 mu g/kg, intraperitoneally), a bacterial endotoxin, to induce systemic inflammation. The mice were administered HET (1.0 g/kg, orally) once a day for 2 weeks before LPS treatment. The light-dark box test and the hole-board test were performed 24 h after the LPS injection to evaluate the effects of HET on anxiety-like behaviors. Serum samples were obtained at 2, 5, and 24 h after LPS injection, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in serum were measured. Human and mouse macrophage cells (THP-1 and RAW264.7 cells, respectively) were used to investigate the effect of HET on LPS-induced IL-6 secretion. The repeated administration of HET prevented anxiety-like behavior and decreased serum IL-6 levels in LPS-treated mice. HET significantly suppressed LPS-induced IL-6 secretion in RAW264.7 and THP-1 cells. Similarly, glycyrrhizin, one of the chemical constituents of HET, suppressed LPS-induced anxiety-like behaviors. Our study revealed that HET ameliorated LPS-induced anxiety-like behavior and inhibited IL-6 release in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, we postulate that HET may be useful against inflammation-induced anxiety-like behavior

ACC patterns on multiphasic dynamic CT

Tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare malignancy. To the best of our knowledge, its enhancement pattern on multiphasic contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography has not been reported. Herein, we report the computed tomography findings of three consecutive cases of tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma. All lesions presented a gradual enhancement pattern on multiphasic contrast-enhanced computed tomography. We speculate that the gradual enhancement pattern on multiphasic contrast-enhanced computed tomography could potentially serve as a characteristic imaging feature and may therefore be a clue to diagnose tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma