0915 Sleep Patterns and the Effect of Late Bedtime on School-Age Children and Adolescents: Preliminary Results

17 USC 105 interim-entered record; under review.The article of record as published may be found at https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.911Introduction: School-age children (6-13yrs) and teenagers (14-17yrs) should receive 9-11hrs and 8-10hrs of sleep/day, respectively. Several studies have shown, however, that these age groups are chronically sleep deprived. Our study assessed the sleep patterns of a sample of children and teenagers in Athens, Greece. The study is part of a larger project investigating the association between orthodontic treatment and sleep disturbances. Methods: Participants (N=27; 69% females; 21 school-age children 9-13yrs, 6 teenagers 14-17yrs) were under treatment in the Orthodontic Clinic of the National and Kapodistrian University. Sleep was assessed with actigraphy/logs for 59±19 days. Results: Participants slept on average 7.36±0.42hrs/day. Nighttime sleep was on average 7.23±0.43hrs (percentage sleep: 87.3%±3.38%). Four (14.8%) participants napped at least once/week. Compared to the lowest sleep duration recommended for their age group, participants showed a chronic sleep deficit of 1.42±0.52hrs/day (range: 0.32-2.15hrs). The younger age group had an average sleep deficit of ~1.6hrs compared to ~0.8hrs for the teenagers (p=0.006). During the school year, daily sleep duration increased by ~0.73hrs on weekends (7.78±0.67hrs) compared to school nights (7.05±0.48hrs; p<0.001). On average, school-age participants slept from 23:13 (±31min) until 7:19 (±22min) on school nights and from 23:23 (±2:72hrs) until 8:49 (±39min) on weekends. Teenagers slept from 00:34 (±36min) until 7:40 (±14min) on school nights and from 01:34 (±41min) until 10:34 (±48min) on weekends. Conclusion: Our findings verify earlier survey results showing that restricted sleep is a problem for children and adolescents in Greece. To our surprise, both age groups go to bed quite late. The impact of late bedtime on sleep duration, however, is larger in the younger group due to their larger sleep needs. In contrast to earlier research in rural areas, napping was not common in our urban sample, probably due to extracurricular activities and studying at home

The Role of Sleep in the Military: Implications for Training and Operational Effectiveness

in J. Laurence and M. D. Matthews (Eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Military Psychology. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012

Fatigue and its Effect on Performance in Military Environments

in P.A. Hancock and J.L. Szalma (Eds.), Performance Under Stress. Ashgate Publications, 2007

Sleep and Fatigue Issues in Continuous Operations: A Survey of U.S. Army Officers

Behavioral Sleep Medicine, Volume 9, Issue 1, pp. 53-65, January 2011.The article of record as published may be located at http://dx.doi.org/I0.!080/15402002.2011.53399

The Effect of Mild Motion Sickness and Sopοrific Symptoms on Multitasking Cognitive Strategy

Human Factors and Ergonomics Society International Annual Meeting, San Diego, September 30 - October 4, 2013

Personnel physical activity levels on navy vessels - evidence for soporific and fatigue effects?

Paper presented at the “International Conference Human Performance at Sea (HPAS) 2010”, 16 – 18 June, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.Includes paper and presentation.Among the factors contributing to performance decrements at sea, sopite syndrome and motion induced fatigue are elusive but of considerable interest. The present work attempts to quantify these effects by evaluating the decrease of personnel physical activity while underway. Activity evaluation was based on actigraphy data, an approach used previously on a high speed catamaran, FSF-1 Sea Fighter, although the seas were calm resulting in little motion influence. The present work extends this approach by analyzing crew activity decrease during significant sea states on two high speed vessels, HSV-2 SWIFT (19 participants, 8-day period), and again on the FSF-1 Sea Fighter (13 participants, 12-day period). During the data collection periods, personnel were conducting their normal duties in sea states ranging from 3 to 6

Shiftwork practices in the United States Navy: A study of sleep and performance in watchstanders aboard the USS Jason Dunham

Abstract only.It is well established that members of the military get inadequate sleep. Shay (1998) traced sleep deprivation in the military back to the ancient Greeks. Kleitman (1963) reported the poor sleep practices of Navy submariners dating to the 1950s

The Effect of Mild Motion Sickness and Sopite Syndrome on Multitasking Cognitive Performance

MOVES Research & Education Systems Seminar: Presentation; Session 3a: Human Systems and Training (Performance Evaluation); The Effect of Mild Motion Sickness and Sopite Syndrome on Multitasking Cognitive Performance; speakers: Panagiotis Matsangas & Mike McCaule

Effects of sleep on training effectiveness in soldiers at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri

This study examined the effect of alterations in the timing of sleep within the circadian cycle on the amount of total nightly sleep and its influence on various indicators of mood and performance of U.S. Army Soldiers attending Basic Combat Training (BCT) at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri. The quasi-experimental study design compared Soldiers assigned to one of two training companies: a company using the standard BCT sleep regimen (8:30 p.m. to 4:30 a.m.) or a company using a phase-delayed sleep regimen (11:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.), the latter being more in line with the biologically driven sleep-wake patterns of adolescents. Demographic and psychophysiological measures were collected at the start of the study using standard survey instruments and methods. A random sample of approximately 24% of Soldiers wore wrist activity monitors to unobtrusively record sleep quantity and quality. Weekly assessments were made of subjective fatigue and mood throughout BCT. Data on physical fitness, marksmanship, and attrition from BCT were extracted from organizational training records. The study sample was comprised of 392 Soldiers, 209 in the intervention group and 183 in the comparison group. Based on actigraphic data, it was shown that Soldiers on the modified sleep schedule obtained 33 more minutes of total sleep per night than those on the standard sleep schedule. Soldiers in the intervention group reported less total mood disturbance relative to baseline, but the effect size was modest and diminished over the course of BCT. Improvements in Soldier marksmanship performance over a series of record fires was positively correlated with average nightly sleep during the week preceding the record fires, when basic marksmanship tasks were being learned. By the end of BCT, Soldiers in the comparison group were 2.3 times more likely to have occupationally significant fatigue and were 5.5 times more likely to report poor sleep quality, as assessed using validated survey instruments, than those in the comparison group. There was no effect of the sleep scheduling intervention on physical fitness scores or the relative risk for attrition. Overall, increasing sleep and concomitantly decreasing fatigue had a small but measurable influence on various indicators of Soldier functioning even after controlling for a variety of factors that affect performance.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited