As vozes da epidemia de sarampo de 2019 no Brasil

This article aims to analyze the social actors involved in the media coverage of the 2019 measles coverage in Brazil. This is a qualitative study based on documentary research. Fifty news, results from searches for 'measles' and 'measles and autism' in the Google News search engine, were evaluated. News search was conducted in august 2019. Almost exclusive predilection was noted by official sources and biomedical authorities. Few independent sources have been heard. The vehicles gave preference to monophonic discourse, even when they proposed to debate with different actors. Little recourse was made to ordinary citizens and individuals. It is concluded that the media, a strong influencer of popular opinion and health policies, has little explored the diversity of social actors and, consequently, their experiences and perspectives.El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los actores sociales involucrados en la cobertura mediática de la cobertura de sarampión de 2019 en Brasil. Este es un estudio cualitativo basado em la investigación documental, en el que se evaluaron 50 resultados de noticias de búsquedas de 'sarampión' y 'sarampión y autismo' en el motor de búsqueda de Google News. La búsqueda de noticias se realizo en agosto de 2019. Las fuentes oficiales y las autoridades biomédicas observaron una predilección casi exclusiva. Se han escuchado pocas fuentes independientes. Los vehículos dieron preferencia al discurso monofónico, incluso cuando propusieron debatir con diferentes actores. Se recurrió poco a los ciudadanos comunes. Se concluye que los medios de comunicación, una gran influencia de la opinión popular y las políticas de salud, han explorado poco la diversidad de los actores sociales y, en consecuencia, sus experiencias y perspectivas.O presente trabalho objetiva analisar os atores sociais envolvidos na cobertura midiática da cobertura de sarampo de 2019 no Brasil. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, exploratório, no qual se avaliou 50 notícias resultados das buscas por ‘sarampo’ e ‘sarampo e autismo’ na ferramenta de busca Google Notícias. Observou-se predileção quase exclusiva pelas fontes oficiais e autoridades biomédicas. Poucas fontes independentes foram ouvidas. Os veículos deram preferência por discurso monofônico, mesmo quando se propuseram a debate com diferentes atores. Recorreu-se pouco aos cidadãos e indivíduos comuns, que pouco foram ouvidos, em detrimento do conhecimento técnico-científico. Conclui-se que a mídia, forte influenciadora da opinião popular e das políticas de saúde, pouco tem explorado a diversidade de atores sociais e, consequentemente, de suas vivências e perspectivas.

Covid-19 and its impact on immunization programs: reflections from Brazil

Due to social distancing guidelines and the displacement of both human and material resources to fight the covid-19 pandemic, individuals seeking healthcare services face certain challenges. Immunization programs have already been a worrisome topic for health authorities due to declines in vaccine uptake rates and are now especially affected by the covid-19 pandemic. Disbelief in science, dissemination of fake news about vaccines, socioeconomic vulnerability and social inequality are some of the challenges faced. This commentary article discusses the impacts of the covid-19 pandemic on immunization programs in Brazil. In light of advances (and notability) of Brazil’s national immunization program, established in the 1970s, the programs face challenges, such as the recent drop in vaccine uptake rates. In addition to this health crisis, there is also Brazil’s current political crisis, which will undoubtedly require assistance from researchers, policymakers and society to be fixed

“Eu vivo num mundo muito burguês, não moro na periferia”: não vacinação infantil e a intersecção entre raça, classe e gênero

O artigo analisa como os marcadores raça, gênero, classe social e espacialidade se interseccionam e se refletem nas tomadas de decisão em saúde, mais especificamente na (não) vacinação infantil. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa conduzida nas cidades de Florianópolis (SC) e São Luís (MA), Brasil, com famílias com crianças de até seis anos de idade. Neste artigo, examinam-se, por meio de análise temática, as narrativas das/dos 19 responsáveis de Florianópolis que optaram por não vacinar total ou parcialmente a(s) criança(s) sob sua responsabilidade. Gênero revela-se um importante marcador na tomada de decisão no âmbito intrafamiliar, enquanto classe social, raça e espacialidade surgem como importantes marcadores na percepção de quem são os “nós” que não precisam das vacinas e os “outros” que precisam. Os achados são discutidos pelo referencial da interseccionalidade e de estudos teóricos sobre branquitude e parentalidade neoliberal

Saúde do idoso e a saúde da família

Esta obra, que faz parte da coleção "Cadernos de Saúde da Família", elaborada pela UNA-SUS/UFMA, é composta por dois capítulos, que são: "Políticas, programas e rede de atenção à saúde do idoso", que analisa o processo de envelhecimento no Brasil e a instituição de programas e políticas que visam garantir o direito à saúde para população idosa; e "Principais agravos crônicos de saúde da pessoa idosa", que descreve o diagnóstico e o manejo clínico dos principais agravos na saúde do idoso

Saúde da criança e a saúde da família

Esta obra, que faz parte da coleção "Cadernos de Saúde da Família", elaborada pela UNA-SUS/UFMA, é composta por três capítulos, que são: "Pactos, políticas e programas de proteção à criança", que apresenta o panorama de surgimento e implantação das políticas que visam garantir a saúde da criança nos contextos nacional e internacional; "Trabalho em equipe e planejamento de ações", que abordada questões sobre a equipe de Saúde da Família, ferramentas da ESF e planejamento de ações voltadas à saúde da criança, identificando o papel da equipe de Saúde da Família nesse processo; e "Alimentação, nutrição e imunização", que apresenta estratégias de abordagem e manejo do aleitamento materno e alimentação complementar adequada à criança, bem como aspectos sobre agravos nutricionais, imunização da criança e cuidados da saúde do bebê

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ