ジテンシャコギ ウンドウジ ノ ダイタイ オヨビ カタイブ ノ oxy(Hb+Mb) ノ ヘンカ パターン ニツイテ

The purpose of this study was to measure the balance of oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption in the working muscle during the incremental cycling exercise. Using near infrared spectroscopy， we monitored the changes in oxygenated hemoglobin and myoglobin [oxy(Hb+Mb)] of the vastus lateralis muscle (VL) and lateral part of the gastrocnemius muscle (LG) during the exhaustive cycle exercise. Studies were done in healthy five male and one female volunteers while gas exchange parameters were measured. During exercise of relatively low intensity (up to 20%V02max)， oxy(Hb+Mb) increased from resting value in both VL and LG. ln VL，oxy(Hb+Mb) was sustained or decreased slowly between 40 and 50% VO2max，and decreased linearly with the exercise intensity at 50 to 80%V02max. Thereafter，it was sustained up to near 100%VO2max. In LG，on the 0ther hand， oxy(Hb+Mb) remained constant near resting levels during exercise of moderate intensity(40 to 70%V02max). During exercise of higher intensity (above 70% V02max)， there was a rapid drop. These results indicated the difference in the pattern of oxy(Hb+Mb) change between VL and LG muscles during the exhaustive incremental cycle exercise

チョウジカン ノ ジテンシャコギ ウンドウジ ニオケル トウシツ セッシュ パターン ノ チガイ ガ パフォーマンス ト タイシャ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

This study examined influence of carbohydrate ingestion patten on performance and metabolism in prolonged bicycle exercise. Six male subjects cycled at lactate threshold level for 90min. Immediately after the prolonged exercise，the subjects were given performance test in which time to exhaustion was measured during bicycle exercise demanding oxygen consumption the double of lactate threshold level. During the prolonged exercise the subjects ingested either 10% carbohydrate (CHO) drink， 5%CHO drink，or water every 15min on five pattens; 1) 10%CHO drink at the first half followed by water at the second half，2) 5%CHO drink at the first half and water at the second half，3) 5%CHO drink throughout exercise period，4) water at the first half followed by 10% CHO drink at the second half，5) water at the first half and 5%CHO drink at the second half. When CHO drink was ingested at the first half，plasma glucose was significantly higher at 60min from the beginning of exercise than that of the patten where CHO was ingested on the second half.There was not a significant difference in blood glucose level at the end of the prolonged exercise，with the values being around 5mM irrespective of the ingestion pattens. The different ingestion patterns induced no significant differences in performance time，the amount of CHO oxidized，and such gas parameters as oxygen consumption，minutes ventilation，respiratory exchange ratio

ナンショウカセイ デキストリン セッシュ ガ ケイウンドウジ ニオケル トウ シシツ タイシャ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

It has been reported that dextrin (DX) has an effect of inhibition from elevation of blood glucose concentration after taking a meal. A little increase of blood glucose concentration after the meal would not accelerate secretion of insulin from the pancreas, so that, the blood insulin concentration may not elevate so much after the meal. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of DX intake with light meal on carbohydrate and fat metabolism in light intensity exercise. Eight young male subjects participated in this study. They took the light meal one hour before exercise, and performed a 30-min exercise at light intensity of heart sound breaking point on a cycle ergometer under two conditions of taking the meal with and without DX. Heart rate, oxygen consumption, plasma lactate (LA), plasma glucose (BG) and plasma free fatty acid (FFA), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were determined at before meal, start of exercise after 60 minutes of taking the meal, midpoint of exercise (15-min point), end of exercise (30-min point) and recovery phase after 15 minutes from cessation of the exercise. Average heart rate were 126.3 (SD; 11.3) and 122.8 (10.1) bpm during exercises with and without DX, respectively (not significant). Oxygen consumptions were 1.18 (0.24) and 1.16 (0.22) 1/min during exercises with and without DX, respectively (not significant). LA showed same values (1.8 (0.6) mM) in both conditions (not significant). BG showed significantly low values in DX condition at start and end of exercise and recovery phase than that in non-DX condition. FFA showed also significantly low values in DX condition at start and end of exercise and recovery phase than that in non-DX condition. These results indicate that DX inhibit absorption of BG not only at rest but also during exercise, and intake of DX with a meal may affect to elevate FFA intake to active muscle during exercise

TAT-dextran-mediated mitochondrial transfer enhances recovery from models of reperfusion injury in cultured cardiomyocytes

Acute myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death among single organ diseases. Despite successful reperfusion therapy, ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI) can induce oxidative stress (OS), cardiomyocyte apoptosis, autophagy and release of inflammatory cytokines, resulting in increased infarct size. In IRI, mitochondrial dysfunction is a key factor, which involves the production of reactive oxygen species, activation of inflammatory signalling cascades or innate immune responses, and apoptosis. Therefore, intercellular mitochondrial transfer could be considered as a promising treatment strategy for ischaemic heart disease. However, low transfer efficiency is a challenge in clinical settings. We previously reported uptake of isolated exogenous mitochondria into cultured cells through co-incubation, mediated by macropinocytosis. Here, we report the use of transactivator of transcription dextran complexes (TAT-dextran) to enhance cellular uptake of exogenous mitochondria and improve the protective effect of mitochondrial replenishment in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) against OS. TAT-dextran-modified mitochondria (TAT-Mito) showed a significantly higher level of cellular uptake. Mitochondrial transfer into NRCMs resulted in anti-apoptotic capability and prevented the suppression of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria after OS. Furthermore, TAT-Mito significantly reduced the apoptotic rates of cardiomyocytes after OS, compared to simple mitochondrial transfer. These results indicate the potential of mitochondrial replenishment therapy in OS-induced myocardial IRI

ヒロウ コンパイ ニ イタル シンチョウ タンシュク サイクル ウンドウ ガ カタイ サントウキン ノ シュウシュク トクセイ オヨビ ソンショウ シヒョウ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

The repeated heel-raiseis a typical stretch-shortening cyc1e (SSC) exercise. The exercise is not only performed in resistance training but also used for evaluating muscular strength in c1inical settings. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of repeated heel-raise exercise to a volitional exhaustion on contractile properties of the triceps surae muscle and parameters reflecting muscle injury. Five Healthy university students with no orthopedic disorders served as subjects. Each subject performed two exercises. ln SSC condition，the subjects repeated the SSC exercise every 2 seconds to volitional exhaustion. ln the IS0 condition，they repeated the same number of an isometric exercise as that of the SSC exercise. In the SSC condition，the subjects exhausted after repeating the exercise 28.6 times. At exhaustion，maximal torque developing capacity decreased significantly and the decrease was accompanied by a tendency of a lower median power frequency of the EMG signals. A significantly higher lactate concenlration was also observed. On the other hand，the ISO exercise induced no significant changes in these parameters. In the SSC condition，the decreased maximal torque developing capacity at exhaustion remained one hour and even one day following the exhausting exercise. The circumference of the lower extremity became larger significantly at exhaustion as compared with the pre-exercise values and remained higher one hour and one day after the exercise. The pressure threshold for pain in the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle and the muscle-tendon junction of the triceps surae muscle became significantly lower compared with pre-exercise value one hour or one day following the exercise. Muscle pain evaluated using visual analog scale f1uctuated and the higher value was observed at exhaustion and one day after SSC exercise. ln the ISO condition，no significant changes in these parameters were observed. The results of the present study indicated that the SSC exercise had more profound effects on contractile properties， myo-electrical signals and injury-related parameters than the ISO exercise. Furthermore, the results suggest that，even in a relatively small number of repetitions，repeated heel-raise, at ypical SSC exercise，induces as light muscle injury

セイカツ ノ QOL オ タカメル コト オ メザシタ ウォーキング ランニング ノ アリカタ ニ カンスル ソウゴウテキ ケンキュウ

A walking and/or running for raising quality of life (QOL) was studied from the face of exercise physiology，exercise biochemistry，sport sociology. Three experiments and a survey were carried out to achieve the purpose. The results were summarized as follows: 1) The running program in the long time was effective in the decrease of body fat percentage， the decrease of body weight as overweight person， and also in the increase of muscular endurance. 2) Appropriate BMI and muscular endurance are important for the marathon race. 3) Accelerometer steps per day did not significantly for correlate to body composition， health-related parameters in blood or serum adipocytokine levels. 4) Each subject ofthe walk exercise must be examined from the coordination ability. 5) A exercise class rises the Self-efficacy(SE)，and the individual group activity is effective to maintain the SE

チュウテイド ノ キョウド ノ ウンドウ ト ウンドウゴ ノ ショクジ ガ シンパクスウ オヨビ タイシャ サンブツ レベル ニ アタエル エイキョウ ニツイテ

The influences of moderate intensity exercise and a meal postexercise on heart rate and metabolic substrates were studied， Eight college students. who had not been engaged in regular endurance training. participated in this study. They exercised on a bicycle ergometer for 30 min at 60% of their maximum V02. They were given a meal(500 kcal) and water 3 hours after cessation of the exercise. The heart rate was monitored continuously. Blood level of glucose and lactate and serum level of glycerol and non esterified fatty acid(NEFA) were measured before. during and following the exercise at selected time points. Heart rate was elevated during the exercise from preexercise control value. It remained elevated as compared with the control value in postexercise period of 6 hours long. The meal postexercise caused the elevation of heart rate. The lactate increased during the exercise and returned to the control value by 3 hours postexercise. The glucose was not affected by the exercise but was elevated by the meal, the elevation lasting for 2 hours. The NEFA increased during the exercise and it was kept elevated during the postexercise period until the meal was taken. The exercise induced an increase in glycerol. The glycerol leveln returned to the control value by the time point for the meal. The results suggest that the exercise with the intensity of 60% VO2 max. enhances overall postexercise metabolism for at least 6 hours. The results also suggest that the meal switches postexercise metabolism toward predominence of carbohydrate metabolism

ユニバーサル デザイン ケンキュウショ ノ セツリツ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ

本学では、大学設立以来10 年余にわたってユニバーサルデザイン教育を推進してきており、また地域との協働も目指してきた。その結果、ユニバーサルデザインにかかる教育成果は大学学部レベルではわが国でトップクラスになった。さらに静岡県、浜松市におけるユニバーサルデザインの浸透はかなりの段階にまで達している。また、国際的にも第3 回国際ユニヴァーサルデザイン会議の開催時のプレゼンスなど、一定の段階まで到達した。そこで、今回はさらに次のステップに進むための条件を検討することにした。Shizuoka University of Art and Culture has been conducting universal design education for more than ten years since its establishment.It also tried to cooperate with the local governments and the community. Educational accomplishments have reached a top level inJapan. Understanding of universal design among the citizens has come to a heightened stage. All these accomplishments were reportedwith evidence at the Third International Conference for Universal Design in Hamamatsu in 2010. Therefore we sought what we can donext toward a more fulfilling outcome through various activities