Le Coran en contexte(s) omeyyade(s) : introduction

International audienceThe historical context of the genesis of the Qurʾān is a central issue within the field of Islamic Studies dealing with the founding text of Islam – even more so that no consensus on an academic reconstruction of this context has been reached. To set the Qurʾān « within its context(s) » appear therefore as an adequate ground for dialogue between History and the study of the religion of Islam. This introduction first describes what is at stake within the early history of the Qurʾān, i.e. its composition and canonisation, and then evokes how these issues relate to the Umayyad context. The initial idea of the conference that took place in June 2021, which was to address this topic within the limited framework of Syria-Palestine during the Umayyad period (661-750), eventually led to the possibility of a multi-situated view on the Umayyad developments regarding the Qurʾān, through confronting the sources in their diversity, in a wider, imperial horizon.Le contexte historique de la genèse du Coran constitue une question centrale dans les recherches islamologiques sur le texte fondateur de l’islam, d’autant plus vive qu’il n’existe pas de consensus sur une reconstruction scientifique de ce contexte. Placer le Coran « en contexte(s) » apparaît donc comme un terrain propice au dialogue entre islamologie et histoire. Cette introduction revient d’abord sur les enjeux propres à l’histoire première du Coran, c’est-à-dire à sa composition et à sa canonisation, avant d’évoquer comment ces enjeux s’articulent au contexte omeyyade. L’idée initiale d’un colloque organisé en juin 2021, qui consistait à appréhender l’histoire du Coran dans le contexte de la Syrie-Palestine à l’époque omeyyade (661-750), a finalement ouvert à la possibilité d’un regard multi-situé sur les développements omeyyades autour du Coran, à travers la confrontation des sources dans leur diversité et l’élargissement à un horizon impérial

Convention de recherche 2016-2018 ONF / Irstea Nogent-sur-Vernisson. Rapport de la tranche 2016

Rapport de la tranche 2016 de la convention ONF/Irstea Nogent 2016-2018 sur l'étude des peuplements mélangés. La convention comprends trois axes principaux : la modélisation des mélanges à large échelle à partir des données d'inventaire, les études à partir du dispositif OPTMix, une prospective sur la gestion des chênaies irrégulière et des chênaies en contexte hydromorphe

Laser hybride intégré sur InP-Si3N4/SiO2 à faible largeur de raie

International audienceNous présentons un laser hybride intégré sur puce InP-Si3N4/SiO2 atteignant une largeur de raie de 23 kHz. Une accordabilité électrique continue de 91 pm à 1546.1 nm, combinée à un taux de réjection moyen de 74 dB, est expérimentalement démontrée

Preliminary Report on the XIVth and XVth Campaigns at Larsa

International audienc

Adjunction of a fish oil emulsion to cytarabine and daunorubicin induction chemotherapy in high-risk AML

AbstractThe treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with unfavorable cytogenetics treatment remains a challenge. We previously established that ex vivo exposure of AML blasts to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), or fish oil emulsion (FO) induces Nrf2 pathway activation, metabolic switch, and cell death. The FILO group launched a pilot clinical study to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the adjunction of a commercial FO emulsion to 3 + 7 in untreated AML with unfavorable cytogenetics. The primary objective was complete response (CR). Thirty patients were included. FO administration raised the plasma levels of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids (p &lt; 0.001). The pharmacokinetics of cytarabine and daunorubicin were unaffected. A historical comparison to the LAM2001 trial (Lioure et al. Blood 2012) found a higher frequency of grade 3 serious adverse events, with no drug-related unexpected toxicity. The CR rate was 77%, and the partial response (PR) 10%, not significantly superior to that of the previous study (CR 72%, PR 1%). RT-qPCR analysis of Nrf2 target genes and antioxidant enzymes did not show a significant in vivo response. Overall, FO emulsion adjunction to 3 + 7 is feasible. An improvement in CR was not shown in this cohort of high-risk patients. The present data does not support the use of FO in adjunction with 3 + 7 in high-risk AML patients.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01999413.</jats:p

Adjunction of a fish oil emulsion to cytarabine and daunorubicin induction chemotherapy in high-risk AML

International audienceThe treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with unfavorable cytogenetics treatment remains a challenge. We previously established that ex vivo exposure of AML blasts to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), or fish oil emulsion (FO) induces Nrf2 pathway activation, metabolic switch, and cell death. The FILO group launched a pilot clinical study to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the adjunction of a commercial FO emulsion to 3 + 7 in untreated AML with unfavorable cytogenetics. The primary objective was complete response (CR). Thirty patients were included. FO administration raised the plasma levels of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids ( p &lt; 0.001). The pharmacokinetics of cytarabine and daunorubicin were unaffected. A historical comparison to the LAM2001 trial (Lioure et al. Blood 2012) found a higher frequency of grade 3 serious adverse events, with no drug-related unexpected toxicity. The CR rate was 77%, and the partial response (PR) 10%, not significantly superior to that of the previous study (CR 72%, PR 1%). RT-qPCR analysis of Nrf2 target genes and antioxidant enzymes did not show a significant in vivo response. Overall, FO emulsion adjunction to 3 + 7 is feasible. An improvement in CR was not shown in this cohort of high-risk patients. The present data does not support the use of FO in adjunction with 3 + 7 in high-risk AML patients. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01999413

Preliminary Report on the XIVth and XVth Campaigns at Larsa

International audienceIn 2019, fieldwork resumed at Larsa for two seasons of one month each. Several complementary surveys were undertaken kassite period aken that change our understanding of the site, revealing in particular part of the network of channels supplying the city. The excavations focused on the sector north of the E-Babbar, the temple of the Sun-God Shamash, patron deity of Larsa, whose reoccupation in the Hellenistic period seems more important than expected.Two buildings are being explored, B48 and B50. B48 is a large Hellenistic house (650 sq. m.) part of a well-planned neighborhood. In trench B50, below a very fragmentary Hellenistic temple, lay a major temple of the Old-Babylonian city, that remains to be identified. It is provided with massive mudbrick walls (5.6m wide at most) preserved in height up to the first storey of the building in some rooms (4.5m high). We give here a first brief account of our results, still in processing

Adjunction of a Fish Oil Emulsion to Cytarabine and Daunorubicin Induction Chemotherapy in High-Risk AML. the Famyly Pilot Study from the French Innovative Leukemia Organization (FILO)

Background. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with unfavorable cytogenetics remains a therapeutic challenge. We previously established that ex vivo exposure of AML blasts to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or fish oil emulsion (FO) induces Nrf2 pathway activation, metabolic switch and cell death (Picou et al., Pharmacol Res 2018;136:45-55). Objectives. The FILO group launched a pilot clinical study to evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of the adjunction of a commercial FO emulsion (OMEGAVEN) to 3+7 in untreated AML with unfavorable cytogenetics. Patients and methods. The FAMYLY trial was a multicenter single-arm phase II study. Eligible patients had a diagnosis of untreated AML with unfavorable cytogenetics, 18 years old or above. For patients with WBC &amp;lt; 30 G/L, FO was administered at 2 mL/kg/d IV 2 days before 3+7 induction chemotherapy (daunorubicin 60 mg/m² days 1-3 and cytarabine 200 mg/m²/d as a continuous infusion days 1-7), until day 7 of induction. For patients with WBC &amp;gt;= 30 G/L, FO and 3+7 were started concomitantly, and FO was administered until day 9. The primary objective was complete response (CR) on the BM aspirate at the end of induction. Data from 75 patients with adverse cytogenetics and treated with daunorubicin and cytarabine in LAM2001 study (Lioure et al., Blood 2012) was used as a historical control. Serial blood samples were collected before treatment, and on days 1 and 3 after start of treatment, to evaluate the expression of NRF-2 target genes and antioxidant enzymes by RT-qPCR. Results. Thirty patients were included. The median age was 54 years (range: 30-64 years), and only 3 patients were hyperleukocytic. FO administration raised the plasma levels of EPA and DHA (p&amp;lt;0.05). The Cmax of daunorubicin was 92.2 µg/L (Q1; Q3: 44.8; 105.1), and the AUCꚙ 414.9 ng.h, representing a mean clearance Cl=358.5 mL/h and a half-life T1/2=3.5h. The cytarabine clearance was highly variable with a mean of 1.628 L/h. A historical comparison to the LAM2001 trial found no unexpected toxicity. The CR rate was 76%, similar to the daunorubicin arm of the previous study in patients with unfavorable cytogenetics (72%). No survival improvement was observed in a historical comparison. RT-qPCR analysis of NRF-2 target genes and antioxidant enzymes (particularly HMOX1 and NQO1) in sequential blood samples did not show a significant in vivo response. Conclusions. Altogether, FO emulsion adjunction to 3+7 is feasible and safe. Although CR rate improvement was not shown in this cohort of high-risk patients, further research aiming at finding the sufficient dose to trigger an NRF-2 response in vivo should be considered. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01999413. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare. OffLabel Disclosure: OMEGAVEN (fish oil emulsion) in Acute Myeloid Leukemia </jats:sec

Validation of a screening algorithm for hepatic fibrosis by Doppler ultrasound and elastography in a general population

Background Early detection can prevent the initial stages of fibrosis from progressing to cirrhosis. Purpose To evaluate an algorithm combining three echographic indicators and elastographic measurements to screen for hepatic fibrosis in an unselected population. Material and Methods From May 2017 to June 2018, all patients with no history and no known chronic liver disease who were referred for an ultrasound (US) were prospectively included in eight hospitals. The indicators being sought were liver surface irregularity, demodulation of hepatic veins, and spleen length >110 mm. Patients presenting at least one of these underwent elastography measurements with virtual touch quantification (VTQ) or supersonic shear imaging (SSI). If elastography was positive, patients were referred to hepatologist for fibrosis evaluation. Reference standard was obtained by FibroMeter VCTE or biopsy. A FibroMeter VCTE result >0.384 indicated a “necessary referral” to a hepatologist. Results Of the 1501 patients included, 504 (33.6%) were positive for at least one US indicator. All of them underwent US elastography, with 85 being positive. Of the patients, 58 (3.6%) had a consultation with a liver specialist: 21 had positive FibroMeter VCTE and nine had an indication of biopsy for suspicion of fibrosis. This screening algorithm made it possible to diagnose 1.6% of patients in our population with unknown fibrosis. Of the patients, 50% referred to the liver specialist were “necessary referrals.” Conclusion Our study suggests that three simple US indicators with no systematic elastographic measurement could be applied in day-to-day practice to look for hepatic fibrosis in an unsuspected population allowing relevant referrals to a hepatologist