Estudio preliminar de la estabilidad en condiciones dinámicas del deslizamiento de Bàlitx (Sierra de Tramuntana, Mallorca)

En este trabajo se realiza un estudio preliminar de estabilidad retrospectivo en condiciones dinámicas del deslizamiento de Bàlitx (Mallorca). Este gran movimiento de ladera se localiza en la franja costera del sector central de la Sierra de Tramuntana, en la parte noroccidental de la isla de Mallorca. El área se caracteriza por el predominio de materiales rocosos carbonatados (calizas y dolomías) del Jurásico inferior (Lías) que configuran espectaculares acantilados rocosos de varios centenares de metros de altura. En el caso del deslizamiento de Bàlitx, estos materiales carbonatados se disponen sobre los materiales blandos del Triásico (facies Keuper), constituidos principalmente por margas y arcillas con yesos. Teniendo en cuenta que en la isla de Mallorca existen registros de sismicidad histórica y que, además, presenta una peligrosidad sísmica moderada, el estudio en condiciones dinámicas del deslizamiento de Bàlitx ha permitido confirmar su posible origen sísmico. Se ha estimado que el deslizamiento pudo ser provocado por un terremoto de magnitud moderada a alta (Mw=4.7-6.5) localizado en las inmediaciones del deslizamiento (≤ 20 km). [ABSTRACT]In this work we perform a slope stability back-analysis of the Bàlitx landslide in dynamic conditions. This slope instability is located on the coast of the central sector of the Tramuntana Range, in Majorca Island. This area is characterized by the predominance of Jurassic limestones, on which spectacular cliffs of several hundred metres have been developed. In the Bàlitx landslide, these carbonated materials lie on top of Triassic soft materials (Keuper facies), composed mainly of marls and clays with gypsum. In this work we focus on analyzing the possibility that the Bàlitx landslide was triggered by an earthquake. Majorca Island, although it is considered as a region of low-to-moderate seismic hazard, shows historical damaging earthquakes and Quaternary active faults. We have concluded preliminary that the Bàlitx landslide could have been triggered by a moderate-to-large earthquake (Mw=4.7-6.5) located relatively close to the landslide (≤ 20 km)

The `s-rule' exclusion principle and vacuum interpolation in worldvolume dynamics

We show how the worldvolume realization of the Hanany-Witten effect for a supersymmetric D5-brane in a D3 background also provides a classical realization of the `s-rule' exclusion principle. Despite the supersymmetry, the force on the D5-brane vanishes only in the D5 `ground state', which is shown to interpolate between 6-dimensional Minkowski space and an $OSp(4^*|4)$-invariant $adS_2\times S^4$ geometry. The M-theory analogue of these results is briefly discussed.Comment: 25 pages, 9 figures, LaTeX JHEP styl

On the spectrum of closed k=2 flux tubes in D=2+1 SU(N) gauge theories

We calculate the energy spectrum of a k=2 flux tube that is closed around a spatial torus, as a function of its length l. We do so for SU(4) and SU(5) gauge theories in 2 space dimensions. We find that to a very good approximation the eigenstates belong to the irreducible representations of the SU(N) group rather than just to its center, Z_N. We obtain convincing evidence that the low-lying states are, for l not too small, very close to those of the Nambu-Goto free string theory (in flat space-time). The correction terms appear to be typically of O(1) in appropriate units, much as one would expect if the bosonic string model were an effective string theory for the dynamics of these flux tubes. This is in marked contrast to the case of fundamental flux tubes where such corrections have been found to be unnaturally small. Moreover we find that these corrections appear to be particularly small when the `phonons' along the string have the same momentum, and large when their momentum is opposite. This provides information about the detailed nature of the interactions in the effective string theory. We have searched for, but not found, extra states that would arise from the excitation of the massive modes presumably associated with the non-trivial structure of the flux tube.Comment: 37 pages, 16 figures, minor changes to text and figure

Supersymmetric Defect Expansion in CFT from AdS Supertubes

The AdS/dCFT correspondence is used to show that a planar q-dimensional superconformal CFT defect expands, under the addition of electric charge and angular momentum, to a supersymmetric higher-dimensional defect of geometry R^q x C, where C is an arbitrary curve. The dual string theory process is the expansion of D-branes and fundamental strings into a supertube in an AdS background.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures; V2: References added, minor correction

Exact Gravity Dual of a Gapless Superconductor

A model of an exact gravity dual of a gapless superconductor is presented in which the condensate is provided by a charged scalar field coupled to a bulk black hole of hyperbolic horizon in asymptotically AdS spacetime. Below a critical temperature, the black hole acquires its hair through a phase transition while an electromagnetic perturbation of the background Maxwell field determines the conductivity of the boundary theory.Comment: 21 pages, 8 figures, a section on the stability of the MTZ black hole is added, references are added, version to be published in JHE

Supersymmetry of Tensionless Rotating Strings in AdS_5 x S^5, and Nearly-BPS Operators

It is shown that a class of rotating strings in AdS_5 x S^5 with SO(6) angular momenta (J,J',J') preserve 1/8-supersymmetry for large J,J', in which limit they are effectively tensionless; when J=0, supersymmetry is enhanced to 1/4. These results imply that recent checks of the AdS/CFT correspondence actually test a nearly-BPS sector.Comment: 12 pages, no figures; v2: new section on CFT operators and new references added, discussion section and acknowledgements modified, abstract rephrashe

Evaporation of large black holes in AdS: greybody factor and decay rate

We consider a massless, minimally coupled scalar field propagating through the geometry of a black 3-brane in an asymptotically $AdS_5 \times S^5$ space. The wave equation for modes traveling purely in the holographic direction reduces to a Heun equation and the corresponding greybody factor is obtained numerically. Approximations valid in the low- and high-frequency regimes are also obtained analytically. The greybody factor is then used to determine the rate of evaporation of these large black holes in the context of the evaporon model proposed in \cite{Rocha:2008fe}. This setting represents the evolution of a black hole under Hawking evaporation with a known CFT dual description and is therefore unitary. Information must then be preserved under this evaporation process.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures; v2: added references, published versio

Orographic Effects on Berry Morphology and Chemical Composition of Carignan and Grenache Noir Grapes

A variation in the climatic parameters of an orographic vineyard influences the growth and developmentof vines and grapes. Understanding the effects of this is highly beneficial in determining how viticulturepractices can be modified to enhance grape quality. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of in-rowgrape position, altitude and vigour on berry morphology and grape maturity. The effects of vigour, altitudeand in-row grape position on berry weight and diameter, titratable acidity, pH and sugar concentrationof Carignan and Grenache noir grapes grown in a vineyard located in Priorat were investigated in the2021 vintage. The results show that Carignan grapes with a lower vigour demonstrated a higher sugarconcentration, berry weight and diameter, as well as lower titratable acidity, while the Grenache noirgrapes with a lower vigour achieved only a higher sugar concentration. The grapes at high altitude had ahigher sugar concentration in Carignan and higher titratable acidity in Grenache noir. Outer-row grapesof Carignan were characterised by lower titratable acidity and a higher sugar concentration, berry weightand diameter, while the outer-row grapes of Grenache noir displayed lower berry diameter, and a higherpH and sugar concentration. Vigour and in-row grape position have stronger effects on berry morphologyand chemical composition than altitude. Sugar concentration is more susceptible than other parameters tobe influenced by variability in the vineyard conditions

Counting Supertubes

The quantum states of the supertube are counted by directly quantizing the linearized Born-Infeld action near the round tube. The result is an entropy $S = 2\pi \sqrt{2 (Q_{D0}Q_{F1}-J)}$, in accord with conjectures in the literature. As a result, supertubes may be the generic D0-F1 bound state. Our approach also shows directly that supertubes are marginal bound states with a discrete spectrum. We also discuss the relation to recent suggestions of Mathur et al involving three-charge black holes.Comment: 15 pages, v2: reference corrected; v3: few corrections and explicit derivation of a relation are added to appendix

Marginal deformation of N=4 SYM and Penrose limits with continuum spectrum

We study the Penrose limit about a null geodesic with 3 equal angular momenta in the recently obtained type IIB solution dual to an exactly marginal $\gamma$-deformation of N=4 SYM. The resulting background has non-trivial NS 3-form flux as well as RR 5- and 3-form fluxes. We quantise the light-cone Green-Schwarz action and show that it exhibits a continuum spectrum. We show that this is related to the dynamics of a charged particle moving in a Landau plane with an extra interaction induced by the deformation. We interpret the results in the dual N=1 SCFT.Comment: 26 pages, 2 figures; v2: typos corrected, field theory interpretation extende