Diagnóstico de conocimientos, actitudes y habilidades y evaluación de un programa piloto de capacitación en farmacovigilancia a profesionales de la salud en el H.G.O. No. 221 Dr. Emilio Chuayffet Chuayffet del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social

Desde sus inicios, la Farmacovigilancia (FV) ha velado por la seguridad de los pacientes en el uso de los medicamentos a través de la detección, cuantificación y evaluación de reacciones adversas a los medicamentos (RAM), sin embargo, en el caso particular de la delegación poniente del IMSS, Estado de México, el número de reportes y la calidad de la información de estos son muy limitados. Objetivo: diagnosticar los conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes en FV de profesionales de salud, diseñar un programa piloto de capacitación en el tema en el H.G.O. No. 221 del IMSS y evaluar su impacto con el número y calidad de reportes de RAM. Descripción metodológica: se trata de un estudio descriptivo y longitudinal en 39 médicos y 61 enfermeros adscritos al H.G.O. No. 221 en cuatro etapas: diseño y pilotaje de los instrumentos de evaluación de conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes; diagnóstico pre- intervención y diseño del programa piloto de capacitación en FV; implementación del programa piloto y, evaluación de su impacto mediante un diagnóstico post-intervención, así como la cuantificación del número y calidad de los reportes de RAM. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron con el software SPSS Statistics Versión 22.0.0.0 mediante estadística descriptiva, Kolmogorov-Smirnoff, Wilcoxon, U de Mann – Whitney, Mc Nemar y Chi cuadrada. Un valor de p<0.05 fue considerado significativo. Resultados: Después del programa piloto de capacitación, el puntaje de conocimientos de médicos y enfermeros mejoró significativamente de 8.93 a 13.70. De igual forma, el nivel de conocimientos antes de la intervención educativa fue mayormente “regular” (80%) mejorando a “bueno” (58%) o manteniéndose en “regular” (41%). El test de U de Mann – Whitney indicó que hubo diferencias significativas en el nivel de conocimientos entre médicos y enfermeros siendo éstos últimos quienes exhibieron un mayor aprovechamiento de la capacitación. Existe asociación significativa entre el nivel de conocimientos en FV y la profesión, así como el contar con algún grado de especialización. Después de la capacitación, mejoraron considerablemente todas las habilidades en FV diagnosticadas con excepción de la detección de RAM graves y establecer la causalidad de las RAM con el medicamento. Hubo un incremento de las puntuaciones de las actitudes positivas de proactividad e interés; por otra parte, con excepción de la actitud de temor, los encuestados no presentaron actitudes negativas en torno a la FV. Luego de la capacitación, el número de reportes de RAM incrementó 6.2 veces y la calidad de la información de grado 1 ó 2 a grado 2 ó 3. Conclusiones: para mejorar los informes de RAM entre los profesionales de la salud es necesario realizar intervenciones educativas en FV como parte de las actividades de educación continua

Prospects for Detection of Extragalactic Stellar Black Hole Binaries in the Nearby Universe

Stellar mass black hole binaries have individual masses between 10-80 solar masses. These systems may emit gravitational waves at frequencies detectable at Megaparsec distances by space-based gravitational wave observatories. In a previous study, we determined the selection effects of observing these systems with detectors similar to the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna by using a generated population of binary black holes that covered a reasonable parameter space and calculating their signal-to-noise ratio. We further our study by populating the galaxies in our nearby (less than 30 Mpc) universe with binary black hole systems drawn from a distribution found in the Synthetic Universe to ultimately investigate the likely event rate of detectable binaries from galaxies in the nearby universe.Comment: Proceedings of LISA 1

Prospects for Detection of Extragalactic Stellar Black Hole Binaries in the Nearby Universe

Stellar mass black hole binaries have individual masses between 10-80 solar masses. These systems may emit gravitational waves at frequencies detectable at Megaparsec distances by space-based gravitational wave observatories. In a previous study, we determined the selection effects of observing these systems with detectors similar to the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna by using a generated population of binary black holes that covered a reasonable parameter space and calculating their signal-to-noise ratio. We further our study by populating the galaxies in our nearby (less than 30 Mpc) universe with binary black hole systems drawn from a distribution found in the Synthetic Universe to ultimately investigate the likely event rate of detectable binaries from galaxies in the nearby universe

Current options in the valorisation of vine pruning residue for the production of biofuels, biopolymers, antioxidants, and bio-composites following the concept of biorefinery: a review

Europe is considered the largest producer of wine worldwide, showing a high market potential. Several wastes are generated at the different stages of the wine production process, namely, vine pruning, stalks, and grape marc. Typically, these residues are not used and are commonly discarded. Portugal generates annually approximately 178 thousand metric tons of wine production waste. In this context, the interest in redirecting the use of these residues has increased due to overproduction, great availability, and low costs. The utilization of these lignocellulosic biomasses derived from the wine industry would economically benefit the producers, while mitigating impacts on the environment. These by-products can be submitted to pre-treatments (physical, chemical, and biological) for the separation of different compounds with high industrial interest, reducing the waste of agro-industrial activities and increasing industrial profitability. Particularly, vine-pruning residue, besides being a source of sugar, has high nutritional value and may serve as a source of phenolic compounds. These compounds can be obtained by bioconversion, following a concept of biorefinery. In this framework, the current routes of the valorisation of the pruning residues will be addressed and put into a circular economy context.This study was funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) within the programme Interreg V-A España-Portugal (POCTEP) 2014–2020, through the project BIOVINO (0688_BIOVINO_6_E), by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) under the scope of the strategic funding of UIDB/04469/2020 and UIDP/05937/2020 units and by CISAS projects supporting the two (M.J. and F.M.) authors, and by the Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICIN) through the grant RYC2020-030690-I (to A.R.).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Smart cities through urban short supply chains of food

The cities around the world in general and in the Mediterranean area in particular are facing tremendous challenges at the environmental, social, economic and institutional levels (Fernandez-Anez et al., 2020). Currently, cities need to be sustainable and smart (Silva et al., 2018). An economically important and innovative sector in urban areas is food security. To the best of our knowledge, the majority of the literature explores the concept of smart cities from the point of view of information and communications technology, and the connection with sustainability aspects remains unsolved. This study tries to overcome this gap in the literature. The main aim is to analyse the contribution of urban short-supply chains of foods in terms of sustainability of smart cities. The study reports the conclusions of a revision of the literature and the preliminary results of four research projects in this area, including the SGDsCONSUM project. The results confirm positive impacts of short supply chains of food in urban areas in the four dimensions of sustainable development and smart and sustainable cities. The conclusions of this study will be helpful for producers, consumers, traders, importers, exporters, tourists, financial institutions, and particularly for government sectors related to agricultural economic activities, projects, and programs in policy development.N/

Crowdfunding as entrepreneurial funding for investigative journalism in Portugal

Artigo baseado na comunicação proferida no 19th European Conference on Management Leadership and Governance, Bayes Business School, University of London, UK, 23-24 novembro 2023The 2007 financial and economic subprime crisis arising from the collapse of the Lehman Brothers Bank in the USA had severe impacts on all the economic sectors. Journalism in Portugal was highly affected, and the most remarkable impacts led to editorial budget cuts. These cuts led to a drastic decrease in human resources in newsrooms, leading to a consequent breach of investigative journalism. These aspects resulted in a surge in unemployment for many experienced journalists, a decrease in the quality of information, and the consequent impoverishment and reduction of research journalism, with losses for the entire Portuguese society. Considering this context there is the need to explore alternative sources of funding for research journalism. Crowdfunding has been portrayed as an alternative to traditional models of financing research journalism, capable of generating a new dynamic, to provide for a more skilled and informed society. The main goal of this paper is to analyze crowdfunding as a tool to fund Portuguese investigative journalism. The methods include a narrative literature review on the causes, impacts, and consequences of the decrease in Portuguese investigative journalism and a case study methodology focused on the Portuguese platform of journalism crowdfunding ‘I Fund News’. In addition, qualitative research was applied to analyze the curricula of Portuguese journalism degrees with minors in entrepreneurship, business, and economics. The results show that the number of ECTS courses in entrepreneurship, business, and economics in journalism and communication degrees is very low in the Portuguese higher education sector. A relationship between entrepreneurship, business, economics, and the capacity for journalists to readapt and find the necessary funding sources is established. These results may be of interest to Portuguese police makers and higher education stakeholders, to promote the development of study programs with increased entrepreneurship, business, and economics courses. More literate journalists in the referred subjects may enhance their entrepreneurial potential and, consequently, their freelance potential to develop investigative journalism projects.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Improving handgun detectors with human pose classification

[Abstract] Unfortunately, attacks with firearms such as handguns have become too common. CCTV surveillance systems can potentially help to prevent this kind of incidents, but require continuous human supervision, which is not feasible in practice. Image-based handgun detectors allow the automatic location of these weapons to send alerts to the security staff. Deep learning has been recently used for this purpose. However, the precision and sensitivity of these systems are not generally satisfactory, causing in most cases both false alarms and undetected handguns, particularly when the firearm is far from the camera. This paper proposes the use of information related to the pose of the subject to improve the performance of current handgun detectors. More concretely, a human full-body pose classifier has been developed which is capable of separating between shooting poses and other non-dangerous poses. The classified pose is then used to reduce both the number of false positives (FP) and false negatives (FN). The proposed method has been tested with several datasets and handgun detectors, showing an improvement under various metrics.This work was partially funded by projects PDC2021-121197-C22 (funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR) and SBPLY/21/180501/000025 (funded by the Autonomous Government of Castilla-La Mancha and the European Regional Development Fund -ERDF-). The first author is supported by Postgraduate Grant PRE2018-083772 from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities.Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha; SBPLY/21/180501/00002

Sustainable consumption in urban short supply chains

The United Nations, national and regional public decision-makers, and the academy are increasingly paying attention to sustainable development. They are debating the main institutional ways and the respective restrictions to achieve a compromise solution among the economic, social, environmental, and institutional dimensions of sustainable development (Kumar, 2022). Sustainable food production and sustainable consumption in urban short-supply chains are dependent on the links between various stakeholders, including companies, consumers and public decision-makers (Govindan, 2018). Previous literature lacks a systematic and holistic view of these actors and corresponding dependencies, limiting our understanding of how to leverage sustainable innovation and design sustainable strategies and policies for food production and consumption. Based on a systematic literature review of a large sample of representative publications included in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, this study tries to overcome this gap in the literature by exploring the relationship between ethical and sustainable consumption and production in short supply chains and offers an agenda for future research. This study, which was developed under the SDGsConsum project, proposes a holistic model of integrative development. The main results confirm that, despite the huge development in SDGs literature, and sustainable development of consumption, the focus on urban shortly supply chains of production in the literature is modest in general, and in particular in food sectorial activities. Moreover, the motivations and constraints that drive and restrain consumers and companies toward sustaina- ble consumption and how these two dimensions complement each other or overlap remain a topic that needs to be further investigated. The results of this study can help shape policies that are adequate to promote a better adjustment of sustainable food supply and demand. Moreover, it might also bring new approaches to integrate and promote short supply chains of foods in urban areas for a more sustainable development of the world.N/

Sustainable consumption and the drivers of product boycott in Europe

Institutional sustainability is a dynamic and multifaceted concept that relies on the contributions of various institutions, including the legal and the scientific system. On the other side, consumers boycotts are an expression of political consumerism by which consumers can use their market power to attain sustainability objectives. This article explores institutional trust on the legal system and trust on scientists as potential drivers for consumers’ boycotts. Using data retrieved from the European Social Survey covering twenty-five countries, the study employs binary logistic regression to assess the importance of institutional trust and other potential drivers of product boycotts in Europe. Results confirm that boycotting behaviour is affected by institutional trust, as well as other individual variables including gender, age and life-cycle effects, education, interest in politics and level of satisfaction with the political system, generalized trust, personal well-being, and consumers’ use and perceptions of information and communication technologies. The results of this study enrich the literature on consumer boycotts and have implications for policymakers involved in sustainability initiatives.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio