Анализ современных технологий водогазового воздействия на продуктивный пласт

Объектом исследования является оборудование для обратной закачки газа в пласт с целью увеличения нефтеотдачи а также утилизации попутного нефтяного газа. Цель работы – анализ эффективности внедрения новой технологической схемы по подготовке водогазовой смеси для закачки в пласт. В выпускной квалификационной работе приведены сведения о современном состоянии технологии обратной закачки газа в пласт. На основе промышленных испытаний на месторождениях и лабораторных исследований были проанализированы технологические схемы закачки водогазовой смеси в пласт с целью увеличения нефтеотдачи. Рассчитано устьевое давление необходимое для закачки раннее подготовленной смеси воды, газа. Приведены экономические расчеты, подтверждающие положительный эффект предлагаемой технологической схемы.Object of a research is the equipment for the return pumping gas in layer for the purpose of increase in oil recovery and also utilization of associated petroleum gas. The work purpose – the analysis of efficiency of introduction of the new technological scheme on preparation of water gas mix for downloading in layer. In final qualification work data on the current state of technology of the return pumping gas are provided to layer. On the basis of industrial tests on fields and laboratory researches technological schemes of pumping water gas mix in layer for the purpose of increase in oil recovery have been analysed

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Eindimensionale Ramanspektroskopie zur Temperatur- und Konzentrationsmessung in Hydrogelen

Within this work a new measurement technique to determine 1D temperature and concentration profiles in gel beads with high spatial and temporal resolution is presented. In particular for inhomogeneous gels like calcium alginate such a measurement technique is essential to observe local phenomena. The method applied here is linear 1D-Raman spectroscopy in combination with indirect hard modeling (IHM), which is used for data reduction. IHM is based on parametric pure component models and therefore allows the modeling of nonlinear effects, introduced by mixture and temperature effects. An aqueous solution containing 1-butanol diffusing into a calcium alginate bead is chosen as model system. This choice is motivated by the practical usage of gel beads to immobilize catalysts for esterifications. The influence of temperature on the spectra of 1-butanol-water as well as the determined concentration is analyzed in detail. The temperature is measured by a pseudo concentration measurement. Therefore for each substance two models at two different, but known temperatures are generated. The temperature of the system is correlated to the spectral weight of these components. This approach is applied to pure water and butanol, and furthermore to aqueous solutions containing butanol, alginate or calcium chloride. The presented measurement technique is expected to be suitable for a large variety of substances as long as the system is light-transmissive for the wavelengths used for excitation and detection. The observable substances include many different hydrogels containing even multiple diffusants

Eindimensionale Ramanspektroskopie zur Temperatur- und Konzentrationsmessung in Hydrogelen

Within this work a new measurement technique to determine 1D temperature and concentration profiles in gel beads with high spatial and temporal resolution is presented. In particular for inhomogeneous gels like calcium alginate such a measurement technique is essential to observe local phenomena. The method applied here is linear 1D-Raman spectroscopy in combination with indirect hard modeling (IHM), which is used for data reduction. IHM is based on parametric pure component models and therefore allows the modeling of nonlinear effects, introduced by mixture and temperature effects. An aqueous solution containing 1-butanol diffusing into a calcium alginate bead is chosen as model system. This choice is motivated by the practical usage of gel beads to immobilize catalysts for esterifications. The influence of temperature on the spectra of 1-butanol-water as well as the determined concentration is analyzed in detail. The temperature is measured by a pseudo concentration measurement. Therefore for each substance two models at two different, but known temperatures are generated. The temperature of the system is correlated to the spectral weight of these components. This approach is applied to pure water and butanol, and furthermore to aqueous solutions containing butanol, alginate or calcium chloride. The presented measurement technique is expected to be suitable for a large variety of substances as long as the system is light-transmissive for the wavelengths used for excitation and detection. The observable substances include many different hydrogels containing even multiple diffusants