The Perceived Effects of Dance for Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease and Healthy Amateurs

The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of dance participation on physical and psychological functioning as perceived by two distinct groups of dancers: dancers with Parkinson\u27s disease (PD) and healthy amateur (HA) dancers. Dancers in the Parkinson\u27s sample group were gathered from participants in the Dance for PD® program, while healthy amateur dancers were recruited from university dance departments and through social media. Both groups were administered measures related to affect, self-efficacy, quality of life, and which aspects of dance classes were most helpful and/or challenging. Several open-ended questions for both groups were included, along with questions specific to each group. Results of the study indicated that there was no difference between the two groups on positive affect experienced while dancing, but that HA dancers experienced higher levels of negative affect than PD dancers. HA dancers exhibited higher levels of self-efficacy, but there was no difference between the groups on perceived quality of life. Additionally, both groups identified the same two components of dance classes as the most helpful: moving and getting some exercise and doing something fun. Thematic analysis of responses to open-ended questions found that, in general, HA and PD dancers identified similar factors which made dance unique from other forms of exercise. The primary differences were that HA dancers more strongly emphasized artistic and spiritual components of dance, whereas PD dancers focused on the importance of the dance instructors and tailoring movements to individuals with PD. More differences were found between the two groups with respect to the negative aspects of dance classes. Notably, PD dancers identified almost no negative aspects, while HA dancers described internal and external pressure, criticism, and competition as problematic. Future research could benefit from ensuring that both groups are administered the same standardized measures to allow for additional comparisons between groups and with normative samples

Investigation of improvement opportunities for Wee-Cycle Bartlesville, LLC. in Bartlesville, Oklahoma

The purpose of this report was to determine potential improvements to the operations and processes used during the set up and execution of the Wee-Cycle Bartlesville consignment sales. After identifying the areas of potential improvement, the report provides analysis and recommendations for the following areas: checkout line, sale floor organization, volunteer roles, setup processes, opportunities for additional revenue, and the accounting system.The team was introduced to the current situation through discussion with Wee-Cycle Bartlesville owner, Sara Freeman, and observation of the August 2016 sale. Sara identified her biggest concern to be the length of the checkout line during peak shopping hours of the sale. Additionally, she expressed interest in upgrading her current display equipment to accommodate more items. Volunteer roles, setup processes and an accounting system were other areas with potential improvement.In order to collect data related to the checkout line, the team observed peak shopping hours during the August 2016 sale. During the observations, the team identified a lack of consistency in the checkout processes of the various cashiers. Some cashiers completed transactions much faster than others, resulting in the team's recommendation to establish and use a standardized cashier process based on that of the fastest cashier. In addition, a volunteer helping bag items is recommended to decrease transaction time.To address Sara's interest in upgrading her sale floor equipment, the team observed the current clothing racks, tables and other display equipment used at the August 2016 sale. Her current clothing racks are a combination of saddle racks and Creform racks, with Creform racks having the ability to hold twice as many clothing items per linear foot. After weighing the cost to convert the remaining racks from saddle to Creform, the team recommends replacing all saddle racks with Creform racks. Along with the clothing racks, Wee-Cycle Bartlesville also displays items on standard 8-foot tables. The team also identified potential gain in display space if a simple shelf was placed on top of the display tables to allow for the display of additional items.Sara is often the first resource volunteers and customers seek out when a problem or question arises. She expressed great interest in being able to manage her sale, rather than spread herself thin working a register, briefing volunteers, and answering customer questions. To address this concern, the team focused on improving the volunteer roles. Roles currently lack definition and volunteers lack training, which limits the volunteer's understanding of their responsibilities. The team developed and documented volunteer role definitions and a brief training guide, the use of which are recommended to reduce confusion and questions to Sara.Another potential area investigated for improvement was the setup process. At this time, consignors drop off their items on either Tuesday or Wednesday based on the first letter of their last name anytime between 12:00 p.m. and 7:00 p.m. Because consignors decide when to drop off their items, Sara and her staff experience idle time due to the variation in consignors' arrival times. To limit the employee idle time, the team recommends assigning consignor drop-off times. This change will allow Wee-Cycle Bartlesville to better anticipate how much time is needed for setup, and potentially open the sale a day early.Finally, Wee-Cycle Bartlesville does not have a formal accounting system. To address this, the team created an Excel-based accounting system which allows Sara to quickly enter and easily see her expenses and revenues. The accounting system can help capture expenses and identify cost trends and potential revenues in future Wee-Cycle Bartlesville operations.Implementing these changes requires a $3,068.12 investment and implementing the changes will provide an estimated$12,066.19 in additional revenue at the next sale for Wee-Cycle Bartlesville

New insights into the relationship between mass eruption rate and volcanic column height based on the IVESPA data set

Rapid and simple estimation of the mass eruption rate (MER) from column height is essential for real-time volcanic hazard management and reconstruction of past explosive eruptions. Using 134 eruptive events from the new Independent Volcanic Eruption Source Parameter Archive (IVESPA, v1.0), we explore empirical MER-height relationships for four measures of column height: spreading level, sulfur dioxide height, and top height from direct observations and as reconstructed from deposits. These relationships show significant differences and highlight limitations of empirical models currently used in operational and research applications. The roles of atmospheric stratification, wind, and humidity remain challenging to detect across the wide range of eruptive conditions spanned in IVESPA, ultimately resulting in empirical relationships outperforming analytical models that account for atmospheric conditions. This finding highlights challenges in constraining the MER-height relation using heterogeneous observations and empirical models, which reinforces the need for improved eruption source parameter data sets and physics-based models

The Mount Perkins block, northwestern Arizona: An exposed cross section of an evolving, preextensional to synextensional magmatic system

This is the published version. Reuse is subject to Society of Exploration Geophysicists terms of use and conditions.The steeply tilted Mount Perkins block, northwestern Arizona, exposes a cross section of a magmatic system that evolved through the onset of regional extension. New 40Ar/39Ar ages of variably tilted (0–90°) volcanic strata bracket extension between 15.7 and 11.3 Ma. Preextensional intrusive activity included emplacement of a composite Miocene laccolith and stock, trachydacite dome complex, and east striking rhyolite dikes. Related volcanic activity produced an ∼18–16 Ma stratovolcano, cored by trachydacite domes and flanked by trachydacite-trachyandesite flows, and ∼16 Ma rhyolite flows. Similar compositions indicate a genetic link between the stratovolcano and granodioritic phase of the laccolith. Magmatic activity synchronous with early regional extension (15.7–14.5 Ma) generated a thick, felsic volcanic sequence, a swarm of northerly striking subvertical rhyolite dikes, and rhyolite domes. Field relations and compositions indicate that the dike swarm and felsic volcanic sequence are cogenetic. Modes of magma emplacement changed during the onset of extension from subhorizontal sheets, east striking dikes, and stocks to northerly striking, subvertical dike swarms, as the regional stress field shifted from nearly isotropic to decidedly anisotropic with an east-west trending, horizontal least principal stress. Preextensional trachydacitic and preextensional to synextensional rhyolitic magmas were part of an evolving system, which involved the ponding of mantle-derived basaltic magmas and ensuing crustal melting and assimilation at progressively shallower levels. Major extension halted this system by generating abundant pathways to the surface (fractures), which flushed out preexisting crustal melts and hybrid magmas. Remaining silicic melts were quenched by rapid, upper crustal cooling induced by tectonic denudation. These processes facilitated eruption of mafic magmas. Accordingly, silicic magmatism at Mount Perkins ended abruptly during peak extension ∼14.5 Ma and gave way to mafic magmatism, which continued until extension ceased

New Insights Into the Relationship Between Mass Eruption Rate and Volcanic Column Height Based On the IVESPA Data Set

Rapid and simple estimation of the mass eruption rate (MER) from column height is essential for real-time volcanic hazard management and reconstruction of past explosive eruptions. Using 134 eruptive events from the new Independent Volcanic Eruption Source Parameter Archive (IVESPA, v1.0), we explore empirical MER-height relationships for four measures of column height: spreading level, sulfur dioxide height, and top height from direct observations and as reconstructed from deposits. These relationships show significant differences and highlight limitations of empirical models currently used in operational and research applications. The roles of atmospheric stratification, wind, and humidity remain challenging to detect across the wide range of eruptive conditions spanned in IVESPA, ultimately resulting in empirical relationships outperforming analytical models that account for atmospheric conditions. This finding highlights challenges in constraining the MER-height relation using heterogeneous observations and empirical models, which reinforces the need for improved eruption source parameter data sets and physics-based models