Tumours of the fetal body: A review

Tumours of the fetal body are rare, but lesions have been reported in all spaces, especially in the mediastinum, the pericardial space, the adrenals, the kidney, and the liver. Lymphangioma and teratoma are the commonest histological types encountered, followed by cardiac rhabdomyoma. Adrenal neuroblastoma is the commonest malignant tumour. Imaging plays an essential role in the detection and work-up of these tumours. In addition to assisting clinicians it also helps in counselling parents. Most tumours are detected by antenatal US, but fetal MRI is increasingly used as it brings significant additional information in terms of tumour extent, composition and complications. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.SCOPUS: cp.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Applications de l'imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM) fœtale

Fetal MRI use has accelerated in the past few years because technological developments have allowed faster sequences, making maternal sedation unnecessary. A variety of sequences is used (T1- and T2-weighted, gradient echo, diffusion) and contributes to optimizing fetal assessment. The technique should only be used as a complement to obstetrical ultrasound conducted by experienced operators. There are a number of highly varied indications for MRI. In the brain, the technique is a useful completion to ultrasound when studying fetal gyration as well as ischemic and hemorrhagic lesions. It can detail anomalies of the corpus callosum and the cerebellum. In the chest, MRI provides a significant contribution in calculating the pulmonary residual volume in both diaphragmatic hernias and bronchopulmonary malformations. In its abdominal applications, MRI can specify the extension of peritoneal and retroperitoneal tumors and locate intestinal obstruction. In cases of complex nephrourological problems, the technique is required to define the condition of the renal parenchyma and the urinary tract. © 2009 Publié par Elsevier Masson SAS.SCOPUS: re.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Ultrasound during the second and third trimester

As for any Ultrasound (US) examination, obstetrical US is very dependant on the skill and knowledge of the examinator as well as on the patient insonation qualities.SCOPUS: ch.binfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

The role of obstetrical ultrasound in screening

SCOPUS: ed.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Prepubertal Vulvar Fibroma: Neoplasm or Physiological Condition?

Background Several authors have previously reconsidered vulvar fibroma, a rare prepubertal neoplasm, as a physiological labial asymmetry of early puberty, recommending a conservative approach for all cases, although some required further clarification. Case A fibrous mass found in the left labium majus of a 4-year-old girl was surgically removed. Imaging confirmed a relapse after 10 months and a second surgery was performed due to extremely rapid growth. No subsequent relapse occurred after 2 years of follow-up. Diagnosis confirmed prepubertal vulvar fibroma, with positive CD34 and lack of actin, desmin, S100, and estrogen receptors. Summary and Conclusion A diagnosis of prepubertal labial asymmetry should prompt careful consideration of several variables, such as age, and radiologic and histologic features, in order to differentiate between a physiological condition and a neoplasm.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Applications thoraco-abdominales de l'IRM chez le fœtus

SCOPUS: cp.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Retroperitoneal lymphatic malformation: a case report from a tertiary center in Belgium

We present a case a right-sided retroperitoneal lymphaticmalformation (LM), extending from the abdomen to the right thigh,without other abnormality, discovered at the second trimester scan.Fetal karyotype was 46, XY. After multidisciplinary counselling,parents chose for a termination of pregnancy. Pathology confirmedthe isolated malformation.LM are benign congenital malformations of the lymphaticsystem. Their prevalence is 1-5/10 000. Prenatal mortality rateis overall of 50-100%, for associated malformations and karyotypeabnormalities. Isolated LM can cause compression of adjacentorgans. 95% are localized in the head, neck and axillary region.Retroperitoneal LM account for 1% of cases. Few case reports existof isolated retroperitoneal LM. Limb affection is a typical featureof retroperitoneal LM. Most of them are left-sided, as opposed toour case. Pediatric complications are: hemorrhage, infection, massrupture or twist.Fetal ultrasound is a reliable diagnostic tool and can be completedby MRI. It assesses prognostic factors and can be used tomonitor tumor growth and fetal well-being. Main features arehypoechogenic, multicystic, multiseptated mass.Treatment of choice is surgery, with risk of resection of adjacentorgans, recidive and high morbidity and mortality. Sclerotherapycan be a useful adjuvant tool.Parental counselling must be multidisciplinary. Discussion onmode of delivery is mandatory, due to the high risk of dystocia.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Apport de l'echographie et de l'IRM dans la leucomalacie périventriculaire

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Fetal kidneys: Additional sonographic criteria of normal development

Objective: The aim of this study was to establish objective criteria for the evaluation of cortical echogenicity (CE), cortical thickness (CT), and medullary thickness (MT), as well as the corticomedullary ratio (CMR), throughout gestation. Method: In this prospective single-center study, CE, MT, CT, and CMR were evaluated in a group of singleton pregnancies examined by ultrasound during the second and third trimesters. Results: The CE evolved from a hyperechoic pattern compared with the liver or spleen during early second trimester to a hypoechogenic pattern in the third trimester, with no fetus displaying cortical hyperechogenicity after 32weeks. CT increased from 1.8 to 2.5mm (p<0.05) from 21 to 25 to 34 to 37weeks; MT from 2.7 to 5.1mm (p<0.0001), and the CMR decreased from 0.7 to 0.5 (p<0.001). Conclusion: The CE, CT, and MT evolve with gestation. Cortical hyperechogenicity compared with the liver or spleen after 32weeks or a CMR above 0.7 in the third trimester should raise the suspicion of a fetal nephropathy. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.SCOPUS: ar.jFLWINinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe