Corn, 2005

William J. Wiebold is a Professor of Plant Sciences and State Extension Specialist; Howard L. Mason is a Senior Research Specialist; Delbert Knerr, Richard W. Hasty, Eddie G. Adams, David M. Schwab, and Scotty L. Smothers are Research Specialists; Travis Belt is a Research Associate in Plant Sciences and Bruce Burdick is the Superintendent of the Hundley-Whaley Research Center.Compares hybrids and includes experimental procedures, seed corn characteristics and seed corn company addresses

Transport Through Andreev Bound States in a Graphene Quantum Dot

Andreev reflection-where an electron in a normal metal backscatters off a superconductor into a hole-forms the basis of low energy transport through superconducting junctions. Andreev reflection in confined regions gives rise to discrete Andreev bound states (ABS), which can carry a supercurrent and have recently been proposed as the basis of qubits [1-3]. Although signatures of Andreev reflection and bound states in conductance have been widely reported [4], it has been difficult to directly probe individual ABS. Here, we report transport measurements of sharp, gate-tunable ABS formed in a superconductor-quantum dot (QD)-normal system, which incorporates graphene. The QD exists in the graphene under the superconducting contact, due to a work-function mismatch [5, 6]. The ABS form when the discrete QD levels are proximity coupled to the superconducting contact. Due to the low density of states of graphene and the sensitivity of the QD levels to an applied gate voltage, the ABS spectra are narrow, can be tuned to zero energy via gate voltage, and show a striking pattern in transport measurements.Comment: 25 Pages, included SO