Polyspecies aquaculture systems: The detrital trophic level

The production of species belonging to the detrital trophic level was investigated in a model-sized aquaculture system, with flowing, filtered seawater and controlled phytoplankton addition to experimental tanks containing the oyster, Crassostrea virginica. The biodeposits of feces and pseudofeces of the oysters supported on the bottom of one tank a population of the nereid polychaete, Nereis virens and in the other tank a mixed community of the capitellid polychaete, Capitella capitata and the amphipod, Corophium sp...

Left ventricular outcomes following multivessel PCI vs. infarct artery-only PCI in patients with acute STEMI: the Glasgow PRAMI CMR sub-study

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Tunable Conductivity and Conduction Mechanism in a UV light activated electronic conductor

A tunable conductivity has been achieved by controllable substitution of a novel UV light activated electronic conductor. The transparent conducting oxide system H-doped Ca12-xMgxAl14O33 (x = 0; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.8; 1.0) presents a conductivity that is strongly dependent on the substitution level and temperature. Four-point dc-conductivity decreases with x from 0.26 S/cm (x = 0) to 0.106 S/cm (x = 1) at room temperature. At each composition the conductivity increases (reversibly with temperature) until a decomposition temperature is reached; above this value, the conductivity drops dramatically due to hydrogen recombination and loss. The observed conductivity behavior is consistent with the predictions of our first principles density functional calculations for the Mg-substituted system with x=0, 1 and 2. The Seebeck coefficient is essentially composition- and temperature-independent, the later suggesting the existence of an activated mobility associated with small polaron conduction. The optical gap measured remains constant near 2.6 eV while transparency increases with the substitution level, concomitant with a decrease in carrier content.Comment: Submitted for publicatio

Cytauxzoonosis in Indiana, USA: a case series of cats infected with Cytauxzoon felis (2018-2022)

CASE SERIES SUMMARY: This case series describes six cases involving seven cats naturally infected with Cytauxzoon felis in Indiana, USA. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed and all available information on signalment, history, clinical and diagnostic findings, treatment, outcome and pathology was reported. Cats infected with C felis were domestic shorthairs, were aged between 2 and 9 years and all but one of the cats were male. The seven infected cats originated from five counties in southwestern Indiana. Six of seven cats were found to have acute cytauxzoonosis based on clinical signs, gross pathologic lesions, observation of C felis in tissues and/or detection of C felis DNA. One cat was identified as a subclinical survivor cat with no known clinical history of cytauxzoonosis. RELEVANCE AND NOVEL INFORMATION: The reported cases are the first confirmed reports of acute and chronic cytauxzoonosis in cats from Indiana and document an expansion in the range of C felis. Veterinary practitioners in Indiana should consider infection with C felis as a differential diagnosis for cats that present with fever, inappetence, lethargy, depression, dehydration, dyspnea, hemolytic crisis, anorexia or icterus. Administration of approved acaricides to cats currently offers the best protection and control against C felis infection

Tunable Conductivity and Conduction Mechanism in an Ultraviolet Light Activated Electronic Conductor

A tunable conductivity has been achieved by controllable substitution of an ultraviolet light activated electronic conductor. The transparent conducting oxide system H-doped Ca12-xMgxAl14O33 (x=0,0.1,0.3,0.5,0.8,1.0) presents a conductivity that is strongly dependent on the substitution level and temperature. Four-point dc-conductivity decreases with x from 0.26 S/cm (x=0) to 0.106 S/cm (x=1) at room temperature. At each composition the conductivity increases (reversibly with temperature) until a decomposition temperature is reached; above this value, the conductivity drops dramatically due to hydrogen recombination and loss. The observed conductivity behavior is consistent with the predictions of our first principles density functional calculations for the Mg-substituted system with x=0, 1, and 2. The Seebeck coefficient is essentially composition and temperature independent, the later suggesting the existence of an activated mobility associated with small polaron conduction. The optical gap measured remains constant near 2.6 eV while transparency increases with the substitution level, concomitant with a decrease in carrier content

Infarct size and left ventricular remodelling after preventive percutaneous coronary intervention

Objective: We hypothesised that, compared with culprit-only primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), additional preventive PCI in selected patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction with multivessel disease would not be associated with iatrogenic myocardial infarction, and would be associated with reductions in left ventricular (LV) volumes in the longer term. Methods: In the preventive angioplasty in myocardial infarction trial (PRAMI; ISRCTN73028481), cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) was prespecified in two centres and performed (median, IQR) 3 (1, 5) and 209 (189, 957) days after primary PCI. Results: From 219 enrolled patients in two sites, 84% underwent CMR. 42 (50%) were randomised to culprit-artery-only PCI and 42 (50%) were randomised to preventive PCI. Follow-up CMR scans were available in 72 (86%) patients. There were two (4.8%) cases of procedure-related myocardial infarction in the preventive PCI group. The culprit-artery-only group had a higher proportion of anterior myocardial infarctions (MIs) (55% vs 24%). Infarct sizes (% LV mass) at baseline and follow-up were similar. At follow-up, there was no difference in LV ejection fraction (%, median (IQR), (culprit-artery-only PCI vs preventive PCI) 51.7 (42.9, 60.2) vs 54.4 (49.3, 62.8), p=0.23), LV end-diastolic volume (mL/m2, 69.3 (59.4, 79.9) vs 66.1 (54.7, 73.7), p=0.48) and LV end-systolic volume (mL/m2, 31.8 (24.4, 43.0) vs 30.7 (23.0, 36.3), p=0.20). Non-culprit angiographic lesions had low-risk Syntax scores and 47% had non-complex characteristics. Conclusions: Compared with culprit-only PCI, non-infarct-artery MI in the preventive PCI strategy was uncommon and LV volumes and ejection fraction were similar

High mobility in a van der Waals layered antiferromagnetic metal

Magnetic van der Waals (vdW) materials have been heavily pursued for fundamental physics as well as for device design. Despite the rapid advances, so far magnetic vdW materials are mainly insulating or semiconducting, and none of them possesses a high electronic mobility - a property that is rare in layered vdW materials in general. The realization of a magnetic high-mobility vdW material would open the possibility for novel magnetic twistronic or spintronic devices. Here we report very high carrier mobility in the layered vdW antiferromagnet GdTe3. The electron mobility is beyond 60,000 cm2 V-1 s-1, which is the highest among all known layered magnetic materials, to the best of our knowledge. Among all known vdW materials, the mobility of bulk GdTe3 is comparable to that of black phosphorus, and is only surpassed by graphite. By mechanical exfoliation, we further demonstrate that GdTe3 can be exfoliated to ultrathin flakes of three monolayers, and that the magnetic order and relatively high mobility is retained in approximately 20-nm-thin flakes

Aprotinin inhibits proinflammatory activation of endothelial cells by thrombin through the protease-activated receptor 1

ObjectiveThrombin is generated in significant quantities during cardiopulmonary bypass and mediates adverse events, such as platelet aggregation and proinflammatory responses, through activation of the high-affinity thrombin receptor protease-activated receptor 1, which is expressed on platelets and endothelium. Thus antagonism of protease-activated receptor 1 might have broad therapeutic significance. Aprotinin, used clinically to reduce transfusion requirements and the inflammatory response to bypass, has been shown to inhibit protease-activated receptor 1 on platelets in vitro and in vivo. Here we have examined whether aprotinin inhibits endothelial protease-activated receptor 1 activation and resulting proinflammatory responses induced by thrombin.MethodsProtease-activated receptor 1 expression and function were examined in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells after treatment with α-thrombin at 0.02 to 0.15 U/mL in the presence or absence of aprotinin (200-1600 kallikrein inhibitory units/mL). Protease-activated receptor 1 activation was assessed by using an antibody, SPAN-12, which detects only the unactivated receptor, and thrombin-mediated calcium fluxes. Other thrombin-dependent inflammatory pathways investigated were phosphorylation of the p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase, upregulation of the early growth response 1 transcription factor, and production of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6.ResultsPretreatment of cultured endothelial cells with aprotinin significantly spared protease-activated receptor 1 receptor cleavage (P < .0001) and abrogated calcium fluxes caused by thrombin. Aprotinin inhibited intracellular signaling through p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P < .05) and early growth response 1 transcription factor (P < .05), as well as interleukin 6 secretion caused by thrombin (P < .005).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that endothelial cell activation by thrombin and downstream inflammatory responses can be inhibited by aprotinin in vitro through blockade of protease-activated receptor 1. Our results provide a new molecular basis to help explain the anti-inflammatory properties of aprotinin reported clinically

Bilingual Advantages in Inhibition or Selective Attention: More Challenges

A large sample (N = 141) of college students participated in both a conjunctive visual search task and an ambiguous figures task that have been used as tests of selective attention. Tests for effects of bilingualism on attentional control were conducted by both partitioning the participants into bilinguals and monolinguals and by treating bilingualism as a continuous variable, but there were no effects of bilingualism in any of the tests. Bayes factor analyses confirmed that the evidence substantially favored the null hypothesis. These new findings mesh with failures to replicate language-group differences in congruency-sequence effects, inhibition-of-return, and working memory capacity. The evidence that bilinguals are better than monolinguals at attentional control is equivocal at best