Interdisciplinary cooperation between dentists and endocrinologists for identification and management of diabetes mellitus

Background: DM mellitus (DM) leads to worsening periodontal diseases, and in turn the inflammatory diseases of maxillofacial region adversely affect the glycemic control and exacerbate the severity of DM, thereby engendering a vicious cycle that compromises the DM management in patients. Taking account of the bidirectional relationship between DM and periodontal disease, interdisciplinary examination of patients with both DM and periodontal diseases is warranted to improve the health outcomes in patients. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the perceptions of dentists and endocrinologists on the interdisciplinary cooperation for identification and management of patients with DM. Materials and methods: Studying patients’ knowledge about DM and their compliance in providing endocrinological recommendations, dental screening survey to identify DM’ risk and signs The research was done in 2015-2016 years using clinical survey (dental status survey), statistical analysis. 432 patients from different dental organizations and 433 doctors (371 – dentists and 62 – endocrinologists) took part in the research. The research was approved by Regional research ethics committee. The written informed consent was taken from each participant. Results: There was insufficient interdisciplinary collaboration for identification and management of patients with diabetes, and lack of motivation among dental patients to endocrinological survey. Hence, it is important to incorporate definitive screening for risk of DM for patients with inflammatory periodontal disease and include dentists in consultation for patients with DM. The feasibility of statutory determination of collaboration between specialists in identification and management of patients with DM was found, dental lectures are necessary in DM school. Conclusions: Our findings suggest the necessity of including dentists in the standard of medical management of patients with DM and incorporating DM screening by a questionnaire upon dental examination

Caries and its risk factors in young children in five different countries

The state of oral health plays an essential role in human comprehensive health. Nevertheless, although considerable improvement in oral health caries has been noted in both developed and newly developing countries, caries is still widespread among children. Although it can be monitored, caries cannot be properly eliminated. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This investigation, performed in cooperation with Jena Hospital in Germany, was conducted in five countries from 2002-2008. The cities Riga (Latvia), Ouro Preto (Brazil), Erfurt (Germany), Volgograd (Russia) and Minsk (Belorus) were engaged in this investigation. Children at the age of 26-34 months were surveyed. Consistent with the research design, the mothers filled out questionnaires about the children's health, and an examination of the children's oral health was performed. The statistics program SPSS 15.0 was used to analyze the obtained data, and the correlations between changing findings were expressed by the Spearmen rank correlation coefficient (r). RESULTS. In this study, 472 children were observed: 179 from Riga, 152 from Erfurt, 62 from Ouru Preto, 116 from Minsk and 84 from Volgograd. A direct correlation existed between the country and plaque (r=0.16) and caries (dmft) (r=-0.11). The direct correlation between dmft and Streptococcus mutans (r=-0.36) was characteristic of children from Erfurt. The lowest dmft index (0.62) was present in children from Erfurt, and the highest (1.57) in children from Ouro Preto. CONCLUSIONS. The frequency and prevalence of caries in young children in Riga is high; it was the lowest in Erfurt and the highest - in Brazil. Plaque and dt were one of the indices with a direct relationship in Riga, Brazil and Minsk. Poor oral hygiene, irregular tooth brushing and the consumption of cariogenic foods and drinks are the most important caries risk factors among children at the age of 2-3 years. The mother's knowledge and attitude affect the child's oral health.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles for therapeutics of renal tuberculosis

Abstract Extrapulmonary tuberculosis with a renal involvement can be a manifestation of a disseminated infection that requires therapeutic intervention, particularly with a decrease in efficacy of conventional regimens. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic potency of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) in the complex anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT). A rabbit model of renal tuberculosis (rTB) was constructed by injecting of the standard strain Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv into the cortical layer of the kidney parenchyma. Isolated rabbit MSC-EVs were intravenously administered once as an addition to standard ATT (isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol). The therapeutic efficacy was assessed by analyzing changes of blood biochemical biomarkers and levels of anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as by renal computed tomography with subsequent histological and morphometric examination. The therapeutic effect of therapy with MSC-EVs was shown by ELISA method that confirmed a statistically significant increase of the anti-inflammatory and decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokines as compared to conventional treatment. In addition, there is a positive trend in increase of ALP level, animal weigh, and normalization of ADA activity that can indicate an improvement of kidney state. A significant reduction of the area of specific and interstitial inflammation indicated positive affect of MSC-EVs that suggests a shorter duration of ATT. The number of MSC-EVs proteins (as identified by mass-spectometry analysis) with anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory functions reduced the level of the inflammatory response and the severity of kidney damage (further proved by morphometric analysis). In conclusion, MSC-EVs can be a promising tool for the complex treatment of various infectious diseases, in particularly rTB

Abstracts of The Second Eurasian RISK-2020 Conference and Symposium

This abstract book contains abstracts of the various research ideas presented at The Second Eurasian RISK-2020 Conference and Symposium.The RISK-2020 Conference and Symposium served as a perfect venue for practitioners, engineers, researchers, scientists, managers and decision-makers from all over the world to exchange ideas and technology about the latest innovation developments dealing with risk minimization