Effects of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 3 Genotype on Phonetic Mismatch Negativity

BACKGROUND: The genetic and molecular basis of glutamatergic dysfunction is one key to understand schizophrenia, with the identification of an intermediate phenotype being an essential step. Mismatch negativity (MMN) or its magnetic counterpart, magnetic mismatch field (MMF) is an index of preattentive change detection processes in the auditory cortex and is generated through glutamatergic neurotransmission. We have previously shown that MMN/MMF in response to phoneme change is markedly reduced in schizophrenia. Variations in metabotropic glutamate receptor (GRM3) may be associated with schizophrenia, and has been shown to affect cortical function. Here we investigated the effect of GRM3 genotypes on phonetic MMF in healthy men. METHODS: MMF in response to phoneme change was recorded using magnetoencephalography in 41 right-handed healthy Japanese men. Based on previous genetic association studies in schizophrenia, 4 candidate SNPs (rs6465084, rs2299225, rs1468412, rs274622) were genotyped. RESULTS: GRM3 rs274622 genotype variations significantly predicted MMF strengths (p = 0.009), with C carriers exhibiting significantly larger MMF strengths in both hemispheres compared to the TT subjects. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that variations in GRM3 genotype modulate the auditory cortical response to phoneme change in humans. MMN/MMF, particularly those in response to speech sounds, may be a promising and sensitive intermediate phenotype for clarifying glutamatergic dysfunction in schizophrenia

SCC コウゲン イデンシ mRNA ニ タイスル RT - nested PCR ニ ヨル ショクドウ ガン リンパセツ テンイソウ ノ ケンシュツ

京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(医学)甲第9130号医博第2403号新制||医||779(附属図書館)UT51-2001-K337京都大学大学院医学研究科分子医学系専攻(主査)教授 平岡 真寛, 教授 山岡 義生, 教授 今村 正之学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Medical ScienceKyoto UniversityDA

On longevity and monitoring technologies of bridges: a survey study by the Japanese Society of Steel Construction

The Japanese Society of Steel Construction (JSSC) had organised a special task committee and conducted a study on the recent development of maintenance, renewal and retrofitting for buildings and bridges of Japan. This paper describes the outline of the study by the working group of bridges and consists of two parts. The first part is concerned with the survey on the recent developments of technologies for the longevity of bridges, whereas the second part is specifically concerned with the structural health monitoring technologies. In view of the fact that important terminologies such as lifetime and service life differ considerably throughout the world, some fundamental terminologies are reviewed, discussed and redefined in this paper on a unified viewpoint. Furthermore, recent developments on the structural health monitoring technology are also reviewed and the results are summarised in a matrix form