476 research outputs found
Analysis of Magnetic Field-Angle Dependent Electronic Raman Scattering to Probe the Superconducting Gap
We study the field-angle resolved electronic Raman scattering in
2-dimensional d-wave superconducting vortex states theoretically by
quasi-classical approximation, the so-called Doppler-shift method. An analytic
expression is obtained for the field angle dependence of the Raman scattering
amplitude at zero temperature. After numerical integration, we obtain the
scattering intensity for various field angles by changing the Raman shift
energy. Field-angle resolved electronic Raman scattering turns out to be an
effective method for probing unconventional superconducting gap structures. It
shows a novel phenomenon: reversal of extrema as a function of frequency
without changing temperature or field magnitude.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. SCES2013 Proceedings (to be published in JPS
Conf. Proc.
Emergence of macroscopic simplicity from the Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha signaling dynamics
The Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), a cytokine produced during the innate immune response to invading pathogens, is involved in numerous fundamental cellular processes. Here, to understand the temporal activation profiles of the TNF-α regulated signaling network, we developed a dynamic computational model based on the perturbation-response approach and the law of information (signaling flux) conservation. Our simulations show that the temporal average population response of the TNF-α stimulated transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1, and 3 groups of 180 downstream gene expressions follow first-order equations. Using the model, in contrast to a well-known previous study, our model suggests that the continuous activation of the third group of genes is not mainly due to the poor rate of mRNA decay process, rather, the law of signaling flux conservation stipulates the presence of secondary signaling, such as feedback mechanism or autocrine signaling, is crucial. Although the living system is perceived as sophisticated and complex, notably, our work reveals the presence of simple governing principles in cell population dynamics
Dermoscopy of Pigmented Bowen's Disease Mimicking Early Superficial Spreading Melanoma
A 89-year-old Japanese woman presented at our clinic because of a several monthsâ history of an asymptomatic gradually enlarging pigmented skin lesion on the dorsum of the left foot. Physical examination revealed a single hyperpigmented oval macule of 5 mm with a rough surface. The color of the lesion was dark brown to light brown. Dermoscopic examination demonstrated atypical pigment network with small dotted vessels. Irregular streaks were also partially noted at the periphery. We suspected superficial spreading melanoma and performed an excision. The histologic features were consistent with a diagnosis of pigmented Bowen's disease. We could not completely account for dermoscopic aspects from the pathological findings of hematoxylin and eosin-stained specimens; therefore, specimens were stained with Fontana-Masson stain. It clearly demonstrated the distribution of melanin in the epidermis. We concluded that atypical network was due to an uneven melanin deposition in the variably thickened epidermal rete ridges
General-relativistic neutrino-radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulation of seconds-long black hole-neutron star mergers: Dependence on initial magnetic field strength, configuration, and neutron-star equation of state
As a follow-up study of our previous work, numerical-relativity simulations
for seconds-long black hole-neutron star mergers are performed for a variety of
setups. Irrespective of the initial and symmetry conditions, we find
qualitatively universal evolution processes: The dynamical mass ejection takes
place together with a massive accretion disk formation after the neutron star
is tidally disrupted; Subsequently, the magnetic field in the accretion disk is
amplified by the magnetic winding, Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, and
magnetorotational instability, which establish a turbulent state inducing the
dynamo and angular momentum transport; The post-merger mass ejection by the
effective viscous processes stemming from the magnetohydrodynamics turbulence
sets in at - ms after the merger and continues for several
hundred ms; A magnetosphere near the black-hole spin axis is developed and the
collimated strong Poynting flux is generated with its lifetime of -
s. We have newly found that the model of no equatorial-plane symmetry shows the
reverse of the magnetic-field polarity in the magnetosphere, which is caused by
the dynamo associated with the magnetorotational instability in the accretion
disk. The model with initially toroidal fields shows the tilt of the disk and
magnetosphere in the late post-merger stage because of the anisotropic
post-merger mass ejection. These effects could terminate the strong
Poynting-luminosity stage within the timescale of - s.Comment: 28 pages, 20 figures, and 2 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap
with arXiv:2111.0462
Identification of tumor antigens in ovarian cancers using local and circulating tumorâspecific antibodies
Ovarian cancers include several disease subtypes and patients often present with advanced metastatic disease and a poor prognosis. New biomarkers for early diagnosis and targeted therapy are, therefore, urgently required. This study uses antibodies produced locally in tumor-draining lymph nodes (ASC probes) of individual ovarian cancer patients to screen two separate protein microarray platforms and identify cognate tumor antigens. The resulting antigen profiles were unique for each individual cancer patient and were used to generate a 50âantigen custom mi-croarray. Serum from a separate cohort of ovarian cancer patients encompassing four disease sub-types was screened on the custom array and we identified 28.8% of all ovarian cancers, with a higher sensitivity for mucinous (50.0%) and serous (40.0%) subtypes. Combining local and circulating antibodies with highâdensity protein microarrays can identify novel, patientâspecific tumorâassociated antigens that may have diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic uses in ovarian cancer. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliate âEls Meeusenâ is provided in this record*
Actinide-boosting r Process in Black Hole-Neutron Star Merger Ejecta
We examine nucleosynthesis in the ejecta of black hole-neutron star mergers
based on the results of self-consistent, long-term
neutrino-radiation-magnetohydrodynamics simulations for the first time. We find
that the combination of dynamical and post-merger ejecta reproduces a
solar-like r-process pattern. Moreover, the enhancement level of actinides is
highly sensitive to the distribution of both electron fraction and the velocity
of the dynamical ejecta. Our result implies that the mean electron fraction of
dynamical ejecta should be ~ 0.05-0.08 in order to reconcile the
nucleosynthetic abundances with those in r-process-enhanced, actinide-boosted
stars. This result provides an important constraint for nuclear equations of
state.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Self-consistent picture of the mass ejection from a one second-long binary neutron star merger leaving a short-lived remnant in general-relativistic neutrino-radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulation
We perform a general-relativistic neutrino-radiation magnetohydrodynamic
simulation of a one second-long binary neutron star merger on Japanese
supercomputer Fugaku using about million CPU hours with CPUs. We
consider an asymmetric binary neutron star merger with masses of and
and a `soft' equation of state SFHo. It results in a short-lived
remnant with the lifetime of \,s, and subsequent massive torus
formation with the mass of after the remnant collapses to
a black hole. For the first time, we confirm that after the dynamical mass
ejection, which drives the fast tail and mildly relativistic components, the
post-merger mass ejection from the massive torus takes place due to the
magnetorotational instability-driven turbulent viscosity and the two ejecta
components are seen in the distributions of the electron fraction and velocity
with distinct features.Comment: Accepted in PRL. 8 pages, 5 figure, Supplement Material is
https://www2.yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~kenta.kiuchi/anime/FUGAKU/FUGAKU2022_Supplement_Material.pd
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