Robustness of predicted CMB fluctuations in Cartan F(R)F(R) gravity

The cosmology of the $F(R)$ gravity rebuilding by the Cartan formalism is investigated. This is called Cartan $F(R)$ gravity. The well-known $F(R)$ gravity has been introduced to extend the standard cosmology, e.g. to explain the cosmological accelerated expansion as the inflation. Cartan $F(R)$ gravity is based on the Riemann-Cartan geometry. The curvature $R$ can separate to two parts, one is derived from the Levi-Civita connection and the other from the torsion. Assuming the matter-independent spin connection, we have successfully rewritten the action of Cartan $F(R)$ gravity into the Einstein-Hilbert action and a scalar field with canonical kinetic and potential terms without any conformal transformations. This feature simplifies building and analysis of new model of inflation. In this paper, we study two models, the power-law model and logarithmic model, and evaluate fluctuations in the cosmological microwave background (CMB) radiation. We found the robustness of CMB fluctuation by the analytical computation and confirm this feature by the numerical calculation.Comment: 14pages, 4figure

Bilateral diaphragm paralysis after simultaneous cardiac surgery and Nuss procedure in the infant

AbstractThe case of a 15-month-old boy with bilateral diaphragm paralysis after simultaneous cardiac surgery for tetralogy of Fallot, and Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum, is presented. Extubated one day after his first operation, the boy suffered severe respiratory distress soon after, due to bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis. Diaphragm paralysis restricted abdominal respiration, while thoracic respiration was inhibited by metallic bar after the Nuss Procedure, which combined prevented extubation for 47 days. Thoracoplasty, such as the Nuss Procedure, should not be performed simultaneously with cardiac surgery because abdominal and thoracic respiration can be restricted in infants, causing prolonged, severe, post-surgical respiratory failure

Electron Beam Lithography for Large Area Patterning 1: Development of Large Field Deflection E-Beam Lithography System

A novel electron beam system has been designed and developed specifically for large area patterning of electronic devices such as printed wiring boards. The prototyped system features a large field deflection, high scanning speed and stably focused beam in the large field. An electron gun with a LaB5 flat cathode was used by operating at 1750-1800 K. The electron beam column provides an electron probe of less than 40 μm in diameter with a current of 50 μA at 60 kV. Fast and large field deflections by a magnetic deflection system enables an area of 104 mm x 104 mm to be covered. The scanning speed can range up to 254 m/s. Particular attention was paid to the materials and shapes of the optics column to minimize the influence of eddy currents from the point of view of controlling the dynamic behavior of beam deflection. It is confirmed that the system can provide accurate beam deflection within a ±20 μm (3) tolerance for the quite large field of 52 mm x 52 mm

Effect of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection at the end of vitrectomy for vitreous haemorrhage related to proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Background/Aims To investigate whether intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) combined with vitrectomy prevents postoperative inflammation in patients with vitreous haemorrhage (VH) due to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Methods This prospective, multicentre, randomised study conducted at seven sites in Japan enrolled patients diagnosed as having VH following PDR. Patients underwent vitrectomy with (IVTA+VIT group) or without (VIT group) IVTA at the end of the surgery. Anterior flare intensity (AFI), central retinal thickness (CRT), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured before and at 3 days, 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery and compared. Results Number of patients who completed 6 months of follow-up was 40 and 41 in VIT group and IVTA+VIT group, respectively. AFI was significantly higher in the VIT group than in the IVTA+VIT group at 3 days (P=0.033), 1 week (P=0.019) and 1 month (P=0.037). There were no significant differences in CRT, BCVA and IOP between the groups through the observational periods. In the cases with macular oedema >350 µm of CRT at 3 days, CRT was significantly lower in the IVTA+VIT group than in the VIT group at 1 month (P=0.041). Conclusions IVTA combined with vitrectomy and cataract surgery contributed to inhibit the postoperative inflammation in patients with VH due to PDR. The effect of IVTA in the reduction of diabetic macular oedema may be limited to the early stage after surgery

3.OT MRA で観察される外側線条体動脈の分枝形態

PURPOSE:We hypothesized that the pattern of branching of the lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs) is involved in the variation of the distribution of the infarction within the LSA region. Our purpose was to evaluate the visibility of LSAs in 3D time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography (MRA) with a 3.0 T scanner and to investigate the branching patterns of LSAs.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We performed 3D TOF MRA at 3.0 T for 100 healthy subjects. We assessed the number of LSAs and the number of branches arising from each LSA by evaluating MRA source images.RESULTS:In 200 hemispheres, 330 LSAs were visualized (mean = 1.65/hemisphere). In 3.5% of all hemispheres, no LSA was depicted; one LSA was depicted in 39%, two in 46.5%, and three in 11%. The maximum number of depicted LSA branches was five in 2% of all subjects, four in 7%, three in 26%, and two in 49% (mean = 2.3/subject). A large LSA trunk with three or more branches was found in 35% of subjects.CONCLUSION: Visualization of LSAs was possible in 96.5% of subjects by use of 3.0 T MRA. LSA branching patterns were variable, and a large LSA trunk with three or more branches was common.博士（医学）・乙第1305号・平成24年11月27日© Springer International Publishing AG,2012Copyright © 2012 Japan Radiological Societ

びまん性血管損傷 磁化率強調画像を用いた重症頭部外傷での収束性出血

INTRODUCTION:Susceptibility-weighted image (SWI) is one of the most sensitive methods for detect microbleeding and useful for evaluation of traumatic brain damage. The purpose of this study is to delineate the characteristics and importance of supratentorial deep white matter hemorrhages detected by SWI in cases of traumatic brain damage. METHODS:Twenty-one consecutive cases with severe traumatic head injury were included in the current study. MRI examinations were made within 1 month after injury. We evaluated the degree and distribution of the supratentorial hemorrhages on SWI retrospectively. We classified the degree of bleeding into four grades: "small hemorrhage," "single bead-like hemorrhage," "convergent-type hemorrhage," and "massive hemorrhage." We then correlated the degree and distribution of the hemorrhage to clinical outcomes. We also evaluated the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) image of lobes with "convergent-type hemorrhage." RESULTS:Existence of "massive hemorrhage" correlated with a poor outcome, that is, worse than "severely disabled" on the Glasgow Outcome Scale. The number of lobes affected by "convergent-type hemorrhage" also correlated with poor outcome. There were 45 lobes with "convergent-type hemorrhage" and 27 of them showed increased diffusivity on ADC images. CONCLUSION:Supratentorial massive hemorrhages and supratentorial convergent-type multiple hemorrhages were associated with poor prognosis after traumatic brain injury. The increased diffusivity in lobes with convergent-type hemorrhages may indicate that congestion of the proximal medullary vein may play some role for these hemorrhages.博士（医学）・甲第594号・平成25年3月15日© Springer International Publishing AG,201

Pore-size expansion of hexagonal-structured nanocrystalline titania/CTAB Nanoskeleton using cosolvent organic molecules

Pore-size expansion of hexagonal-structured assembly of nanocrystalline titania (anatase) combined with cetyltrimethyammonium bromide (CH(3)(CH(2))(15)N(+)(CH(3))(3)Br(-), CTAB) (named as Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB Nanoskeleton) was achieved with the aid of cosolvent organic molecules (COMs). The pore-size expanded Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB Nanoskeleton was prepared through the sot-gel reaction of titanium oxysulfate sulfuric acid hydrate (TiOSO(4)center dot xH(2)SO(4)center dot xH(2)O, TiOSAH) in an aqueous solution initiated by CAB swollen micelles pre-prepared with the addition of COMs into aqueous CTAB micellar solutions at 60 degrees C (the product was named as Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/COM Nanoskeleton). Long-chain alcohol (1-hexadecanol. C16OH), normal alkane (n-decane, C10) and benzene derivatives (benzene. Bz; 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, TMB; 1,3,5-triethylbenzene, TEB; 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene, TiPB) were used as COMs to evaluate the effects of COM solubilization site in CTAB micelles and COM molecular size on the pore-size expansion of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/COM Nanoskeleton. We found that 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (TMB) and 1,3,5-triethylbenzene (TEB) act as effective COMs for pore-size expansion of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/COM Nanoskeleton in aqueous media. Pore sizes (average diameters) of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/TMB Nanoskeleton and Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/TEB Nanoskeleton were enlarged up to 4.2 nm and 4.3 nm, respectively, while pore size (average diameter) of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB Nanoskeleton prepared in the absence of any COMs was 2.9 nm. We also revealed that thermal stability of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/TMB Nanoskeleton became higher than that of Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB Nanoskeleton. The hexagonally pore-structure of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/TMB Nanoskeleton was retained up to 400 degrees C, while the hexagonally pore-structure of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB Nanoskeleton was kept up to 300 degrees C.ArticleCOLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS. 371(1-3):29-39 (2010)journal articl

鎖骨下動脈閉塞性動脈硬化症に対する血管内超音波評価を併用したステント留置術の長期治療成績

The objective of this study was to determine long-term outcomes after stent placement for subclavian artery (SA) obstructive lesions assisted by intraoperative intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). The study included 25 lesions in 24 patients who underwent stent placement assisted by intraoperative IVUS for subclavian artery stenosis or obstruction at our hospital between January 2003 and August 2010. Outcome was evaluated based on the results within 30 postoperative days (technical success rate, improvement in upper extremity ischemia, steal syndrome, left-right blood pressure difference, and perioperative complications) and the results after 30 postoperative days (incidence of vertebrobasilar artery territory infarction and restenosis). Stent placement and vessel dilatation were successful in all patients, without perioperative complications. Upper extremity ischemia, steal syndrome, and left-right blood pressure difference disappeared in all cases. During follow-up observation (6-96 months; median 51 months), no restenosis occurred at the stent placement site in any patient. In one case, four years after initial treatment, stenosis was noted proximal to the stent placement site. Satisfactory long-term as well as short-term outcomes were achieved after stent placement for SA obstructive lesions assisted by intraoperative IVUS evaluation.博士（医学）・乙第1362号・平成27年5月28日Copyright © 2014 by SAGE Publications. The definitive version is available at " http://dx.doi.org/10.15274/NRJ-2014-10023