Rate of Solution of Solid Particles in Agitated Liquids

Hixson and Baum have proposed generalized dimensionless equations for the rate of solution of solid particles in agitated liquids. The authors developed an improved equation and conducted additional experiments on the rates of solution of zinc and magnesium metals in dilute hydrochloric acid containing potassium nitrate. Experiments were also made on the rate of solution of benzoic acid in NaOH solutions and of sugar in water. The newly developed equation is as follows: (KD/Df)=α′(D²nρₗ/µ)ᵖ(µ/ρₗFf)q(δ³g/ν²)r(ρₛ-ρₗ/ρₗ)ᵗ The constant α′ and exponents p, q and s are presented in this paper. The authors arrived at the following conclusions: (1) At a definite critical Reynolds number, Rf (or agitator speed, Nf), solid particles are fluidized in an agitated liquid. (2) At this critical Reynolds number (or agitator speed), the rate of increase in solution velocity is abruptly decreased with further increase in agitator speed. (3) In the fluidized state where N>Nf, an increase in density difference between the solid and liquid phases combined with the effect of agitation velocity greatly reduces the diffusional resistance. (4) In the range of Reynolds numbers less than Rf, or agitator speed less than Nf, the apparent rate of solution of solid particles increases with the 1.0 to 1.4 power of Rₑ depending upon the conditions of agitation. This experimental effect may reach a value of even 2.9 for small particles. (5) From these experiments it is expected that the effect of agitation in liquid-liquid systems is mainly to increase the reaction surface area, and that the effect of agitation in diminishing diffusion resistance is rather small. The effect of agitation in solid-liquid systems in the range of fluidization is mainly to diminish diffusional resistance

The systematic investigations of high-pressure polymorphs in shocked L type ordinary chondrites

第6回極域科学シンポジウム[OA] 南極隕石11月16日（月）　国立国語研究所 2階 講

The development of the enteropneust hemichordate Balanoglossus misakiensis Kuwano

We describe development from fertilization to metamorphosis of the enteropneust hemichordate Balanoglossus misakiensis. This is the first report to describe the complete development of an indirect-developing hemichordate under laboratory conditions. Mature adults were induced to spawn by shifting the temperature of seawater from 23 to 28°C. Eggs (200 μm diameter) were enclosed within a non-mucilaginous membrane, and dispersed readily in seawater. After artificial insemination, a fertilization envelope was elevated from the egg surface beneath the egg membrane; this was followed by the formation of the first and second polar bodies within the envelope. Zygotes cleaved at 20-min intervals to form blastulae, and gastrulation started 9 h after fertilization. Embryos hatched 1 day after fertilization to become typical feeding tornaria larvae. The larvae metamorphosed 7-10 days after fertilization without undergoing the first (Müller) or forth (Krohn) stage of indirect-developing hemichordate development. Larvae that were not fed failed to metamorphose. Juveniles completed adult body formation within a week of settling in sand at the bottom of the culture tube. We discuss heterochronical modifications of B. misakiensis development, and make the case for this species as a potential model organism for the investigation of indirect-developing hemichordates

Hox genes of the direct-type developing sea urchin Peronella japonica

Peronella japonica is a direct-type developing sea urchin that metamorphoses in 3 days without feeding, providing a good system to analyze developmental mechanisms especially at later larval stages to metamorphosis. We surveyed the Hox genes of P. japonica by PCR and RT-PCR, and isolated 13 Hox-type sequences. Phylogenetic analysis and database searches resulted in identification of all the P. japonica orthologs of the Hox genes that have been reported in other sea urchins, plus 3 Hox-type genes: the Evx-type, the Xlox-type genes, and an additional posterior Hox gene. This is the first report to show the Evx in echinoderms. The present results revealed the putative Hox gene cluster of P. japonica, which contains three anterior, four medial, and four posterior genes plus the Evx. The organization is essentially similar to the vertebrate Hox cluster except for only a single gene for Hox4-5 types. The C-terminal amino acid sequence outside the homeodomain of Hox4/5 suggested that loss of Hox4 might have occurred in the echinoderm lineage

ウニ胚形態形成に関与する硫酸化多糖タンパク質複合体の精製

金沢大学理学部研究課題/領域番号:03740374, 研究期間(年度):1991出典：研究課題「ウニ胚形態形成に関与する硫酸化多糖タンパク質複合体の精製」課題番号03740374（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03740374/）を加工して作

バフンウニ孵化酵素の産生細胞の特定

金沢大学理学部研究課題/領域番号:02740361, 研究期間(年度):1990出典：研究課題「バフンウニ孵化酵素の産生細胞の特定」課題番号02740361（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02740361/）を加工して作

ウニ卵動物極,植物極に局在するメッセージの解析

金沢大学理学部研究課題/領域番号:04854076, 研究期間(年度):1992出典：研究課題「ウニ卵動物極,植物極に局在するメッセージの解析」課題番号04854076（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04854076/）を加工して作

精子活性化ペプチドsperactの遺伝子の解析

金沢大学薬学部研究課題/領域番号:62740421, 研究期間(年度):1987出典：研究課題「精子活性化ペプチドsperactの遺伝子の解析」課題番号62740421（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62740421/）を加工して作