Designing and validating an adaptation questionnaire among the husbands of Iranian Muslim women with breast cancer

BackgroundBreast cancer is the most common cancer among women and is the second leading cause of cancer death. This disease affects all aspects of the patient's life and family, especially the patient's spouse, which confirms the need to adapt to these changes. The common instruments used for the investigation of adaptation among husbands of women with breast cancer are mainly outdated, one-dimensional, or non-concordant with the Iranian culture. Therefore, the present study aimed to design and validate an adaptation scale among the husbands of Iranian Muslim women suffering from breast cancer.MethodsThis exploratory sequential mixed study was conducted in two qualitative and quantitative stages. In the qualitative stage, semi-structured interviews were performed with 21 participants. Then, items were developed through content analysis using the approach proposed by Elo and Kyngas on the basis of Roy's adaptation model. In the quantitative stage, the extracted items were reduced and psychometric properties such as face, content, and construct validity as well as reliability were explored. To investigate the construct validity, a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 300 husbands of women with breast cancer selected via cluster sampling.ResultsThe initial questionnaire contained 79 items. After the assessment of face and content validity, 59 items were evaluated regarding construct validity using exploratory factor analysis. At this stage, six adaptation dimensions were observed among the women's husbands, with the variance of 51.71. The Cronbach's alpha and correlation coefficient of the questionnaire were 0.912 and 0.701, respectively.ConclusionThe developed 51-item adaptation scale had an appropriate validity and reliability and could be used for the assessment of adaptation in the target group

Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been considered as an undiagnosed pandemic. In recent review articles the relationship between VDD and several disorders of mothers and their newborns were indicated. The present study was aimed in order to investigate the VDD prevalence in Iranian pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This First meta-analysis study was performed based on PRISMA checklist for systematic review and meta-analysis studies. A comprehensive literature searches of national and international databases including Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, Web of Science, Magiran, Iranmedex, SID, Medlib and Google Scholar engine by using MESH keywords up to 2016 was empolyed.Two reviewers independently were conducted the search, including  selection of studies, quality assessment and data extraction. Results: Eighteen studies and 5,572 pregnant women were included in the analysis. The prevalence of VDD in Iranian pregnant women with cut-off point of 10, 20 and 30ng/ml were calculated 41.9% (95%CI: 30.4-54.3), 68.6% (95%CI: 50.3-82.5) and 84.4% (95%CI: 74.2-91.1), respectively. The highest prevalence of VDD in trimester  of pregnancy term in cutoff 10, 20 and 30 ng/ml was obtained in the second trimester (95% CI: 61.9 (61.95-36.7)), first trimester (95% CI: 89.4(87.8-90.8)) and third trimester (86.7(95% CI: 74.5-93.6)). Conclusion: The prevalence of VDD in Iranian pregnant women is very high. Therefore, addressing VDD in women during pregnancy should be a health priority in Iran. To avoid of related disorders and adverse effects of VDD in mothers, appropriate interventions among pregnant women should be considered