Blood Products Utilization Status in Off-Pump Cardiac Surgery Patients

Background: Transfusion support has an essential role in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The time-honored gold standard for CABG is the on-pump procedure (ONCAB); however, off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) is also a safe, cost-benefit procedure with fewer blood transfusion requirements. This study was performed to evaluate transfusion patterns in OPCAB due to the diversity of transfusion practices. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was performed to determine the transfusion rate and triggers in OPCAB patients. Medical files of all patients undergoing OPCAB surgery at Sanandaj Tohid Hospital in 2014 were reviewed. Patients’ demographics data, preoperative laboratory tests (PT, aPTT, Hb, Hct, Platelet count), underlying medical conditions, and their possible relation to further transfusions and the ward department in which the transfusion had taken place were extracted. SPSS 16 Chicago software, T-student Test, One Way Anova, and χ2 exam were applied for data analysis. P values ≤0.05was considered significant. Results: Among 91 elective OPCAB patients: 28(30.8%) women and 63(69.2%) men with mean age of 64.80±9.02 years, 63(69.23%) received a blood product. Mean utilization of PRBC, FFP, Platelet, and Cryoprecipitate were 2.17±2.044, 2.46±2.86, 2.86±3.80 and 0.40±2.10 units, respectively. ICU revealed the highest consumption rate for all products.  Female sex (p<0.001), Hypertension (P=0.002), and low hemoglobin(P=0.004) were noted as predictive factors for transfusion.  Conclusion: This study concluded that the transfusion rate in OPCAB is still very high in Iran (regarding a study in a countryside hospital) and that the highest utilization rate is seen in the ICU

Toxoplasma and Blood Transfusion

No Abstrac

Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among Iranian Blood Donors: A Narrative Review Article

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a common parasitic disease. There is likelihood of exposure to Toxoplasma gondii in blood donors during the periods of life. Currently, laboratory screening of blood donors for T. gondii is not routinely available. The objectives of this review were to study the effects of T. gondii on blood safety and to approach for risk reduction in blood recipients. Methods: A literature search was performed using Cochrane library, PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar IranMedex, SID and Magiran without time limitation. All studies, which had reported the prevalence of T. gondii in Iranian blood donors in both English and Farsi languages, were evaluated and reviewed. The contents of the transfusion medicine text books related to this issue were reviewed. Searching keywords were "Blood Donors" or "Blood Transfusion" and "Toxoplasma" or "Toxoplasmosis" and Iran. Results: In order to study the prevalence of T. gondii in Iranian blood donors, six studies have been reviewed. IgG and IgM antibodies varied between 12.3% to 52.8% and 0% to 5.47%. Some of these studies have suggested to doing the screening for all blood donors. However, based on parasitological and epidemio­logical evidences, there is little chance for parasite transmission by blood transfu­sion. Conclusion: By considering the moderate prevalence, difficulty in the differentiation between recent and past infections, and cost-effectiveness, it is not possible and rational to perform screening of donated blood. To reduce the risk of parasite transmis­sion, leukofilteration method is recommended

ISEC2005-76100 FERMENTATIVE BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION BY MIXED AND PURE BACTERIAL CULTURE: DESIGNING OF PROCESSES AND ENGINEERING CONTROL

ABSTRACT In this paper the research about applied bio-hydrogen production engineering is introduced. The advantages, disadvantages and characteristics of bio-hydrogen production systems and some technical issues on anaerobic fermentative bio-hydrogen producing systems will be discussed and focused on the schematic processing, designing strategies and engineering control of fermentation parameters and also the technical means to increase the evolved hydrogen and hydrogen evolution rate. The technology of bio-hydrogen production based on ethanol-type fermentative theory has been established. The mixed continuous culture and pure batch culture processes were proposed for hydrogen production