Influence of weft knitted fabrics tensile characteristics and garment size on the body movement comfort

The effect of fabric tensile property and garment size on the clothing pressure variation has been studied, considering the pressure alteration during the body movement with various ranges. The results reveal that for a constant body dimension, smaller clothing size applies higher pressure. In addition, fabric’s tensile modulus is a determinant parameter of the clothing pressure. Increment in the body movement range exerts more pressure on the body due to the greater strain of garments. Clothing pressure assessment confirms the pressure relaxation during the wearing time.

Influence of weft knitted fabrics tensile characteristics and garment size on the body movement comfort

352-358The effect of fabric tensile property and garment size on the clothing pressure variation has been studied, considering the pressure alteration during the body movement with various ranges. The results reveal that for a constant body dimension, smaller clothing size applies higher pressure. In addition, fabric’s tensile modulus is a determinant parameter of the clothing pressure. Increment in the body movement range exerts more pressure on the body due to the greater strain of garments. Clothing pressure assessment confirms the pressure relaxation during the wearing time

Prevalence of reflux nephropathy in Iranian children with solitary kidney: results of a multi-center study

Abstract Background: Given the importance of the function of the remnant kidney in children with unilateral renal agen‑ esis and the significance of timely diagnosis and treatment of reflux nephropathy to prevent further damage to the remaining kidney, we aimed to determine the prevalence of reflux nephropathy in this subgroup of pediatric patients. Methods: In general, 274 children referred to pediatric nephrologists in different parts of Iran were evaluated, of whom 199 had solitary kidney and were included in this cross‑sectional study. The reasons for referral included urinary tract infection (UTI), abnormal renal ultrasonography, being symptomatic, and incidental screening. Demographic characteristics, including age and gender were recorded. History of UTI and presence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) were evaluated. Results: Of the 274 children evaluated in this study with the mean age (SD) of 4.71 (4.24) years, 199 (72.6%) had solitary kidney. Among these, 118 (59.3%) were male and 81 (60.7%) were female, 21.1% had a history of UTI, and VUR was present in 23.1%. The most common cause of referral was abnormal renal ultrasonography (40.2%), followed by incidental screening (21.1%), being symptomatic (14.1%), and UTI (5.5%). In 116 children (58.3%), the right kidneys and in 83 (41.7%) the left kidneys were absent. Besides, 14.6% of the participants had consanguineous parents and 3% had a family history of solitary kidney. Upon DMSA scan, the single kidney was scarred in 13.1%, of which only 7.5% were associated with VUR. In addition, proteinuria and hematuria were observed in 6.5% and 1.5% of children, respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence of reflux nephropathy was 7.5% in children with solitary kidney with a male predomi‑ nance. Given the relatively high prevalence of reflux nephropathy in these children, screening for VUR in the remnant kidney appears to be essential in this population. Keywords: Vesicoureteral reflux, Nephropathy, Children, Solitary kidney, Renal agenesi

Hybrid fuzzy deep neural network toward temporal-spatial-frequency features learning of motor imagery signals

Abstract Achieving an efficient and reliable method is essential to interpret a user’s brain wave and deliver an accurate response in biomedical signal processing. However, EEG patterns exhibit high variability across time and uncertainty due to noise and it is a significant problem to be addressed in mental task as motor imagery. Therefore, fuzzy components may help to enable a higher tolerance to noisy conditions. With the advent of Deep Learning and its considerable contributions to Artificial intelligence and data analysis, numerous efforts have been made to evaluate and analyze brain signals. In this study, to make use of neural activity phenomena, the feature extraction preprocessing is applied based on Multi-scale filter bank CSP. In the following, the hybrid series architecture named EEG-CLFCNet is proposed which extract the frequency and spatial features by Compact-CNN and the temporal features by the LSTM network. However, the classification results are evaluated by merging the fully connected network and fuzzy neural block. Here, the proposed method is further validated by the BCI competition IV-2a dataset and compare with two hyperparameter tuning methods, Coordinate-descent and Bayesian optimization algorithm. The proposed architecture that used fuzzy neural block and Bayesian optimization as tuning approach, results in better classification accuracy compared with the state-of-the-art literatures. As results shown, the remarkable performance of the proposed model, EEG-CLFCNet, and the general integration of fuzzy units to other classifiers would pave the way for enhanced MI-based BCI systems

COVID-19 and renal involvement in children: a retrospective study

Background: The New coronavirus (SARS COV-2) can cause acute respiratory disease and also multiorgan dysfunction. There is insufficient data about kidney involvement in children. So, this study was done on children with COVID-19 to evaluate nephrological involvement. Methods: All children with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 who were admitted in Children Hospital .were enrolled. They were admitted in hospital from March 2020 to July 2020. Serum Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, sodium, potassium, calcium and urinalysis were evaluated. Also, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated by Schertz's formula. All patients were evaluated by chest x-ray and/or computerized tomography scanning (CTS). The data were analyzed by SPSS software and P value less than 0.05 was determined as significant. Results: Forty-seven children with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 were enrolled to this study. At admission, 23.4 and 27.7 of children with COVID-19 had abnormal increase in serum BUN and creatinine, respectively. Also 78.8 and 25.5 of children had GFR less than 90 and 60 ml/min /1.732, respectively. Additionally, 13/47 (27.7) of children had abnormal urine analysis (microscopic hematuria and/or proteinuria). There wasn’t a significant relationship between pulmonary lesions and abnormal reduction of GFR (P<0/05). Conclusion: In the study, the risk of AKI (acute kidney injury) and decrease of GFR and also abnormal urinalysis is high in children with COVID-19. So, more attention for detection of kidney involvement is necessary and more conservative management for prevention of AKI and decrease of GFR are recommended

Kidney Calculi in Iranian Children: A Multicentric Report: Kidney Calculi in Iranian Children

Background and Aim: Studies on the prevalence of kidney stones in Iranian childrenare limited. Children with nephrolithiasis have a high risk of recurrent stones; therefore, athorough evaluation is warranted. Due to the paucity of data on Iranian children, this studyaims to investigate the prevalence of kidney stones in this population.Methods: This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of kidney stones amongoutpatients and inpatients at various university centers in Iran from March to December2019. Twenty-six pediatric nephrologists from 13 centers participated and completed aquestionnaire on the total number of inpatients and outpatients and the number of patientswith kidney stones. The diagnosis was based on radiological results.Results: A total of 97 912 patients were included, with 20327 hospitalized and 77585outpatients. Of all patients, 2.86% had kidney stones, the prevalence of which was 1.5%in inpatients and 3.2% in outpatients. This figure is about 1% more than Iran’s past reports.Inpatient stones in Kerman City, Iran (3.65%) and outpatients in Zahedan City, Iran (16.4%) were the most common. The study lacked data on age and gender. The main results are thetotal and setting-specific prevalences, and regional variations suggesting environmental andgenetic factors.Conclusion: This large study examined kidney stone prevalence in Iranian children, the totalprevalence of which is 2.86%. Given the limited data and rising trend, more extensive studieswith the collaboration of additional centers are recommended. Demographic characteristics,such as age, sex, stone composition, family history, and diet should be examined