A Cognitive Ethology Study of First- and Third-Person Perspectives

The present investigation was funded by a grant awarded to AK by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Figure 1

<p><b>Figure 1A presents the Perspective × Viewing Distance interaction for pictures without people.</b> Participants tended to take more close (<1 m) pictures to capture first-person perspective and more far (>10 m) pictures to capture third-person perspective. <b>Figure 1B provides examples of pictures showing the critical factor of distance in pictures without people. </b><i>Top:</i> First-person, both pictures demonstrate the tendency to take pictures within personal space. <i>Bottom</i>: Third-person, both pictures show subjects representing third-person perspective through distance.</p

Figure 2

<p><b>Figure 2A presents the Perspective × Subject interaction for pictures with people.</b> Participants took significantly more pictures of themselves (self) in first-person than in third-person. Conversely, subjects usually represented third-person by taking pictures of other people. <b>Figure 2B presents the Perspective × Eye direction interaction for pictures with people.</b> First-person perspective was captured by participants by taking pictures either of their own body, or another person who was looking at the camera. Third-person perspective was represented predominantly by taking of pictures of other people who were not looking at the camera. <b>Figure 2C provides examples of photos showing the Perspective × Subject and Perspective × Eye Direction factors in pictures with people. </b><i>Top left</i>: First-person, picture of someone else, looking at camera. <i>Top right</i>: First-person, participanths picture of their own body performing an action. <i>Bottom left and right</i>: Third-person, pictures of other people not looking at camera. Individuals depicted in Figure 2C have given written informed consent (as outlined in PLOS consent form) to publish these case details.</p

Coding Scheme Categories Developed From Subjective Reports.

<p>Coding Scheme Categories Developed From Subjective Reports.</p

Predicted picture rank based on experimenter scoring scheme compared to average subject rank for each picture in the picture ordering task.

<p>(A) Predicted vs. observed for 1PP. (B) Predicted vs. observed for 3PP.</p