The method of quantitative automatic metallographic analysis

A brief analysis of the existing softwares for computer processing of microstructure photographs is presented. The descriptions of the the software package developed by the author are demonstrated. This software product is intended for quantitative metallographic analysis of digital photographs of the microstructure of materials. It allows calculating the volume fraction and the average size of particles of the structure by several hundred secants (depending on the photographs resolution) in one vision field. Besides, a special module is built in the software allowing assessing the degree of deviation of the shape of different particles and impurities from the spherical one. The article presents the main algorithms, used during the creation of the software product, and formulae according to which the software calculates the parameters of the microstructure. It is shown that the reliability of calculations depends on the quality of preparation of the microstructure

Sustainable development of production in Russia: an informative aspect

This paper is devoted to the study of the problems of introduction of the concept of sustainable development of production at modern enterprises. The paper substantiates the necessity of application of this concept at enterprises, gives reasons hindering this process. In addition, the analysis of the notion of sustainable development of production, wherein this process is represented as development of production by means of rational and economical use of resources oriented to provision of a long-term competitive advantage, was conducted in the paper. Moreover, the paper presents the basic principles of successful introduction of the concept of sustainable development of production. By the example of Toyota Company the benefits, which can be derived by an enterprise from application of this concept, were shown

Influence of soaking time of modifier in melt on microstructure of Al-12%Si alloys

The influence of the soaking time of the silumin melt with a modifying nanopowder W on the microstructure and the impact toughness of the Al-12%Si silumin is studied in the paper. It was established that when introducing 0.1 mass. % of W and soaking it for 10 min, up to 30% of the inassimilable nanopowder W remains in the crucible after pouring. At that, the microstructure of castings is refined, and the impact toughness increases by 12 % compared to the initial alloy. It was established that the powder remaining in the crucible after melting consists of the remnants of metallic W, WO[3] and W[3]O. Nanopowder W is completely assimilated by the melt if the soaking time is increased by 120 min; in this case, the impact toughness reduces, which is connected with the increase of dendrites and silicon wafers sizes

Motivation System of Students and Teaching Staff of Higher Educational Institutions for Research Work Accomplishment

This paper considers the main directions in the field of scientific and research work activation of students, young scientists and teaching staff. In the first part of this paper the main types of students’ scientific and research work (SSRW) are enumerated. The recommendations are given on motivation of students for scientific and research work accomplishment. The system of scientific and research work organization developed for teachers and students in Tomsk Polytechnic University is presented. A new technology of efficient research work arrangement is a scoring system of teachers’ activity assessment. Every faculty member gets points for personal scientific and research activity. Teaching load for the next term is spread among the teachers of the department following the results of obtained points

Methodology of Enhancement of Linguistic Competences of Research and Educational Higher School Personnel

The problem of linguistic competences of higher school personnel as one of the main problems, not allowing Russian higher education school to count on leading positions in the world university rankings, is discussed in this paper. Within the framework of the article the authors formulate a possible approach to the establishment of the strategy of linguistic competences development in a higher school. The authors are implementing this work on the basis of National research Tomsk polytechnic university (NRTPU). The methodology of the analysis of possibilities of linguistic competences development, search of the mechanism of measures implementation by their development, and identification of “gaps” or difficulties in implementation of these measures are presented in this article. For solution of the assigned objectives the parameterization of measure characteristics and their subsequent statistical processing are applied

The control algorithm of the system 'frequency converter – asynchronous motor' of the batcher

The paper is devoted to the solution of the problem of optimum batching of bulk mixtures according to the criterion of accuracy and maximally possible performance. This problem is solved for applied utilization when running the system 'frequency converter – asynchronous motor' having pulse-width modulation of a screw batcher of agricultural equipment. The developed control algorithm allows batching small components of a bulk mixture with the prescribed accuracy due to the weight consideration of the falling column of the material being in the air after the screw stoppage. The paper also shows that in order to reduce the influence of the mass of the 'falling column' on the accuracy of batching, it is necessary to specify the sequence of batching of components inside of the recipe beginning from the largest component ending with the least one. To exclude the variable error of batching, which arises owing to the mass of the material column, falling into the batcher-bunker, the algorithm of dynamic correction of the task is used in the control system

Activation of mass transfer processes at spark plasma sintering of zirconium dioxide

The paper presents the results of numerical simulation of thermal and electric fields' distribution in the graphite moulding tool and in the sintered sample of ZrO[2]-4%Y[2]O[3] in the course of spark plasma sintering (SPS). The reduction of SPS duration is accounted for the largeness of specific thermal flux towards the sample surface, emitted by the graphite moulding tool. The impact of the electric field on the sample structure leads to emergence of the polarizing processes forcing zirconium ions to shift from lattice sites, which is able to reduce the required value of thermal energy necessary for initiation of a diffusion process. The axial pressure at high temperatures of sintering can lead to plastic deformation of the powder particles

Problem Methodology as One of the Ways of Innovative Organization of Educational Process

The aim of this article is the consideration of the essence of problem methodology as one of ways of the innovative organization of educational process. The characteristics of problem methodology are analyzed. It is specified that the problem methodology focuses the person on work in the situation of uncertainty, which trains him to be self-contained, heuristic, independent person. Such properties are necessary for the modern specialist who should work in conditions of modernization of the Russian society, directed on formation of innovative progress. The contribution of the author is marking the peculiarities of anapplication of problem methodologyin university-level education. Such peculiarity of its applicationis an auxiliary characteristic of problem methodology, an indispensability of its application in the ratio with traditional methodology of the educational process organization

Sustainable development of production in Russia: an informative aspect

This paper is devoted to the study of the problems of introduction of the concept of sustainable development of production at modern enterprises. The paper substantiates the necessity of application of this concept at enterprises, gives reasons hindering this process. In addition, the analysis of the notion of sustainable development of production, wherein this process is represented as development of production by means of rational and economical use of resources oriented to provision of a long-term competitive advantage, was conducted in the paper. Moreover, the paper presents the basic principles of successful introduction of the concept of sustainable development of production. By the example of Toyota Company the benefits, which can be derived by an enterprise from application of this concept, were shown

Peculiarities of High-Energy Induction Heating during Surface Hardening in Hybrid Processing Conditions

This paper presents the results obtained when combining mechanical and surface-thermal operations, using the same process equipment. The paper also demonstrates the possibility of implementing high-energy heating with high-frequency currents, and proposes using an integral temperature-time characteristic as the main parameter to specify surface quenching modes. The numerical values of the integral temperature-time characteristic are to be related to the processing modes and the depth of hardening. The experiments confirmed that an increase in the capacity will be commensurate with an increase in power consumption when a volumetric heating scheme (with a hardening depth of 0.5 mm) is realized. However, during the realization of a volumetric heating scheme, when the 0.7 mm depth of the hardened layer is at the boundary of the “hot” depth of the current penetration into the metal (the beginning of the intermediate heating scheme), the increase in the processing capacity will be higher than that in power consumption