Emergence of Haemophilus influenzae Strains in the Nasopharynx of Children with Tuberculosis

Being rigorously studied, epidemiology aspects of Haemophilus influenzae carriage are still remaining unclear. Especially it concerns such a group as children with low immune status and also such group as children with tuberculosis infection. We examined nasopharyngeal tract of children with tuberculosis infection in remission and checked how often these children are carriers of Haemophilus influenzae strains. Also we gained microbiology characteristics of the isolates and defined the clinical significance of H. influenzae carriage in development of opportunistic infections in children with the tuberculosis infection

Study and analysis of the resistance of Enterococcus bacteria to antibiotics

Enterococci have acquired resistance to almost all classes of antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to study and analyze the resistance of Enterococcus bacteria to antibiotics isolated from Vladivostok water bodies. The antibiotic resistance of 70 strains of the genus Enterococcus to such antibiotics as tetracycline, streptomycin, erythromycin, ampicillin, levofloxacin, rifampicin, gentamicin, vancomycin was studied by disco diffusion. It turned out that in b. In the b. Zolotoy Rog, more than half of the isolated strains were resistant to streptomycin, erythromycin, and levofloxacin, and in the r. Vtoraya Rechka, more than 50 % of the strains were resistant to streptomycin and rifampicin. The isolated population of enterococcal strains was characterized by multiple resistance to two antibiotics (41 %) in the Second River and three or more antibiotics (45 %) in the Golden River. The most common was resistance to a combination of antibiotics such as streptomycin, rifampicin and erythromycin

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Introduction. Based on the knowledge of early gestational disorders related to metabolic syndrome (MS), pathogenetically relevant preventive treatment meeting the requirements of perinatal pharmacology can be developed. Aim. To reveal clinical and laboratory characteristics of early pregnancy and develop pathogenetically relevant preventive monotherapy for unfavorable gestational and perinatal outcomes in women with metabolic syndrome. Material and methods. A total of 230 women were investigated and divided into four groups: Group I consisted of 68 pregnant women with MS who refused any preventive measures; Group II comprised 97 women with MS who received periconceptional preventive monotherapy with dydrogesterone, a progestagen; Group III consisted of 35 healthy primigravidas women with physiological course of gestation; Group IV comprised 30 healthy non-pregnant women. Laboratory testing during I–III trimesters allowed to assess the dynamics demonstrated by markers of lipid spectrum, endothelial dysfunction, apoptosis, decidualization, energy metabolism, and immunomodulation. Results. A balance between factors of physiological damage and gestational adaptation in the course of physiological pregnancy has been shown to be of primary significance. In women with MS, embryo-placental dysfunction develops during early pregnancy, and this stage is preceding for major obstetric syndromes. Preventive administration of dydrogesterone in women with MS appeared highly effective: NNT (number needed to treat) was 1.33 (95% CI 0.9–1.8); OR 5.2 (95% CI 4.6–5.7). Conclusion. Pregestational changes and atherogenic profile of gestational process determine the course of early pregnancy in women with MS with the development of embryo-placental dysfunction and major obstetric syndromes. High efficacy in the prevention of unfavorable gestational and perinatal outcomes was shown by preventive dydrogesterone monotherapy

Correlation of BOLD Signal with Linear and Nonlinear Patterns of EEG in Resting State EEG-Informed fMRI

Concurrent EEG and fMRI acquisitions in resting state showed a correlation between EEG power in various bands and spontaneous BOLD fluctuations. However, there is a lack of data on how changes in the complexity of brain dynamics derived from EEG reflect variations in the BOLD signal. The purpose of our study was to correlate both spectral patterns, as linear features of EEG rhythms, and nonlinear EEG dynamic complexity with neuronal activity obtained by fMRI. We examined the relationships between EEG patterns and brain activation obtained by simultaneous EEG-fMRI during the resting state condition in 25 healthy right-handed adult volunteers. Using EEG-derived regressors, we demonstrated a substantial correlation of BOLD signal changes with linear and nonlinear features of EEG. We found the most significant positive correlation of fMRI signal with delta spectral power. Beta and alpha spectral features had no reliable effect on BOLD fluctuation. However, dynamic changes of alpha peak frequency exhibited a significant association with BOLD signal increase in right-hemisphere areas. Additionally, EEG dynamic complexity as measured by the HFD of the 2–20 Hz EEG frequency range significantly correlated with the activation of cortical and subcortical limbic system areas. Our results indicate that both spectral features of EEG frequency bands and nonlinear dynamic properties of spontaneous EEG are strongly associated with fluctuations of the BOLD signal during the resting state condition

Characteristics of early pregnancy and prevention of gestational and perinatal complications in women with metabolic syndrome

Introduction. Based on the knowledge of early gestational disorders related to metabolic syndrome (MS), pathogenetically relevant preventive treatment meeting the requirements of perinatal pharmacology can be developed. Aim. To reveal clinical and laboratory characteristics of early pregnancy and develop pathogenetically relevant preventive monotherapy for unfavorable gestational and perinatal outcomes in women with metabolic syndrome. Material and methods. A total of 230 women were investigated and divided into four groups: Group I consisted of 68 pregnant women with MS who refused any preventive measures; Group II comprised 97 women with MS who received periconceptional preventive monotherapy with dydrogesterone, a progestagen; Group III consisted of 35 healthy primigravidas women with physiological course of gestation; Group IV comprised 30 healthy non-pregnant women. Laboratory testing during I–III trimesters allowed to assess the dynamics demonstrated by markers of lipid spectrum, endothelial dysfunction, apoptosis, decidualization, energy metabolism, and immunomodulation. Results. A balance between factors of physiological damage and gestational adaptation in the course of physiological pregnancy has been shown to be of primary significance. In women with MS, embryo-placental dysfunction develops during early pregnancy, and this stage is preceding for major obstetric syndromes. Preventive administration of dydrogesterone in women with MS appeared highly effective: NNT (number needed to treat) was 1.33 (95% CI 0.9–1.8); OR 5.2 (95% CI 4.6–5.7). Conclusion. Pregestational changes and atherogenic profile of gestational process determine the course of early pregnancy in women with MS with the development of embryo-placental dysfunction and major obstetric syndromes. High efficacy in the prevention of unfavorable gestational and perinatal outcomes was shown by preventive dydrogesterone monotherapy

Association Mapping of Fertility Restorer Gene for CMS PET1 in Sunflower

The phenomenon of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), consisting in the inability to produce functional pollen due to mutations in mitochondrial genome, has been described in more than 150 plant species. With the discovery of nuclear fertility restorer (Rf) genes capable of suppressing the CMS phenotype, it became possible to use the CMS-Rf genetic systems as the basis for practical utilization of heterosis effect in various crops. Seed production of sunflower hybrids all over the world is based on the extensive use of the PET1 CMS combined with the Rf1 gene. At the same time, data on Rf1 localization, sequence, and molecular basis for the CMS PET1 type restoration of fertility remain unknown. Searching for candidate genes of the Rf1 gene has great fundamental and practical value. Therefore, in this study, association mapping of fertility restorer gene for CMS PET1 in sunflower was performed. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) results made it possible to isolate a segment 7.72 Mb in length on chromosome 13, in which 21 candidates for Rf1 fertility restorer gene were identified, including 20 pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR)family genes and one Probable aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. The results will serve as a basis for further study of the genetic nature and molecular mechanisms of pollen fertility restoration in sunflower, as well as for further intensification of sunflower breeding