Political, Historical and Social Features of the Human Right to Health: A Brief Interdisciplinary Review of the Literature

The consecration of the right to physical and mental integrity at the time of the establishment of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1946 and the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UN) in 1948 established the human right of access to health. Conversely, the practical guarantee of this right has gone through many nuances since then, so that today the process of its implementation is closely related to the political, historical and social aspects of each country, demanding from the administrative power an interdisciplinary look for this issue. The problem that involves this conjuncture drives the researchers of this field to question themselves: what is the role of the State in this right? What is the performance of health professionals in fact? Is it possible to achieve the universality of human rights in an economically and culturally globalized world? In the light of the above, this narrative review aimed to collect in the literature the scenarios that permeate this reality providing tacit examples of how the human right to health is shaped according to the conjunctures of insertion of each community that tries to implement i

Nutritional Health, Food Safety and its Social Determinants: A Brief Narrative Review

In its latest report, the United Nations for Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) pointed out that the number of those who go hungry increased for the third year in a row affecting about 821 million people worldwide in 2018. Moreover, for the most part, studies show that food insecurity tends to follow social trends in such a way that it is precisely population groups in minorities or marginalized who are most likely to be exposed to food shortages and/or lack of access to adequate food. In this scenario, the concepts of food safety and insecurity gain prominence in the international debate playing a role of relevance to global public health. Achieving a healthy and sustainable food model is today one of the main objectives of modern and globalized society. With this, the main objective of this study is to collect in the scientific literature and discuss briefly about the social, environmental and geopolitical determinants that are (or should be) involved in the continuous process of effective human right to adequate feeding

Overview of University Actions Aimed at The Nutrition of Two Indigenous Communities In The Interior of The State of Mato Grosso Do Sul – Brazil: Report of Experience In Public Policies

The diet composed of adequate food is reported in the literature as one of the aspects of health promotion and maintenance, and it is the duty and obligation of the State to promote public policies that seek to meet these needs of the population. However, due to a number of factors, the minority or vulnerable populations end up not benefiting from a good part of the projects in force in Brazil. Thus, this work aimed to conduct a case study with two indigenous communities living in the interior of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, listing the main points related to food practices, evaluation of the state of health in force and measures that help adherence to good food practices. The largest target audience was children from 0 (zero) to 12 (twelve) years, totaling 190 (one hundred and ninety), followed by newborns and puerperals who totaled 14 (fourteen) family nuclei and the elderly population of the community, which totaled 15 (fifteen). The service team was composed of Nutritionist, Health Agent, Social Worker and Nutrition Intern professionals. Several activities were developed, occurring according to the public attended during the different days of visit in the villages, mainly home visits, community actions such as vaccination campaigns, lectures and collective guidance. It is concluded that the measures adopted in public policies related to feeding the indigenous community is a powerful tool to provide the benefits for a better quality of life, well-being and maintenance of the health of indigenous peoples

Food Science from the Perspective of the Nutrition Professional

This work had as thematic the study in analysis of foods from the perspective of the nutrition professional. The objective of the research was to seek the training of this professional for the then analysis of the performance in quality control and formulation of products, with the perspective of assistance to projects carried out on site. This research was conducted in a community cafeteria located in a university in the interior of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul - Brazil. As a data collection tool, preparation technical sheets were used in which costs were collected, the preparation order, and the nutritional value provided. Sensory observation was used as an analysis of the data in order to measure and analyze and interpret the reactions of food and material characteristics. It appears that with the identification, attributions and activities developed by a nutritionist in the area, it became possible to analyze the processing of raw material and industrialized food products, according to the needs presented by the site. As for the points not reached were not due to any other factors than those related to the specificities of the research site, which did not prevent the acquisition of theoretical, practical, scientific, social and environmental knowledge of the points concerning the area of action of the nutritionist professional within the field of food science

Nutritional Intervention in the Area of Clinical Nutrition in a Hospital Environment: A Report of Field Experience

The present experience report narrates a nutritional intervention in the area of individual and collective clinical nutrition that took place in a University Hospital (HU) in the interior of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul - Brazil. The main objective of this field work was the professional training for hospital and outpatient nutritional care through general and specific activities performed on site. The specific activities consisted in writing care protocols and standardization of hospital diets while the general activities consisted in the analysis of medical records, survey of clinical diagnoses, proposal of dietotherapic conduct, monitoring of nutritional status, prescription and dietary adequacy, preparation of nutritional guidelines and development, presentation and discussion of clinical cases. This work also reports on the difficulties in implementing and carrying out this intervention agenda and, given the results obtained, it was concluded that the field experience in the hospital area was a valid and beneficial opportunity in which it was possible to harmonize theory with practice

The Innovation, Networks and Emerging Jobs: A Bibliometric Study Of the Web of Science’s Database, From 1945 To 2020

This research presents a bibliometric study of scientific productions involving the themes of innovation, networks and emerging jobs in the English language, available in the Web of Science’s database, dating from 1945 to 2020. Seeking to clarify some findings, in the statistical study of Web of Science’s publications, this research demonstrates the orientation of the reasoning of the investigated authors, regarding innovation policies. Of the 49 publications found in a previous screening, we obtained the number of 44 publications in English, which were submitted to statistical, Reinert and Similitude analyses, using the IRAMUTEQ software. During the research, it was possible to notice that this group of words presented a relation in the context of the texts available in the base; that is: the tool presented, statistically, four groups of words with greater relevance, connecting the three themes. In the analysis, IRAMUTEQ presented a division in four clusters (using Reinert’s method) that list the groups of words by their relation of higher incidence and correlation during the study (development, literature, information and form). According to this mapping, it is possible to conclude that the correlation of themes refers to a group of researchers who, in their discourses, connect technological and economic development to relations in an innovation network, and that 50% of the published texts dealt with issues involving the four largest groups of words: development, network, innovation and business

The Physical Education Professional\u27s Insertion in the Recovery Plan for Resident Addicts in the Campo Grande Therapeutic Communities – MS

Physical activity can be used as a strategy in the recovery of addicts, especially in activities focused on education and leisure since it helps to control stress and anxiety. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the insertion and to verify the acceptance of the Physical Education professional in the recovery process of addicts living in the seven therapeutic communities in the city of Campo Grande (Capital of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil). To achieve this objective, the coordinators and resident monitors answered a semi-structured questionnaire prepared by the researchers, consisting of 10 questions, 6 objectives in which the participants indicated the level of importance in relation to the inquiry and 4 subjective questions with the intention of investigating the modalities of physical activity most practiced in Therapeutic Communities (TCs) and other pertinent subjects. The results showed that the participants think it is very important to perform physical activity in the treatment of addicts and believe that the presence of the Physical Education professional to conduct such activities is also valid. In the CTs with this professional (n=1) the activities mentioned were weight training, soccer and stretching while in the others (n=6) running, stretching, walking, soccer, volleyball, workout gymnastics and group games were described. It was concluded that there is a very positive inclination toward the acceptance of the physical education professional in the recovery plan of addicts even in communities where there is no presence of this professional acting

Discourse Analysis On Physical Activity For People With Disabilities

The subject discussed refers to the importance of physical activity for people with disabilities, both in physical and psychological aspects. The general objective of this work is to identify the relationship of the person with disability to the sport, as guaranteed by the Federal Constitution, giving the person with disability the right to the sport. As a specific objective, to analyze through journalistic texts what is the perception of the person with disability in face of his/her limitations. The methodology used will be an analytical approach, together with bibliographic and documentary research. The relevance for the study of this theme is the look at the person with disability, which is often forgotten by the public power, or pre-judged by the society that most of the times does not know the concept of disability, or when they come across it, they do not know how to act or how to treat a person with disability. Maybe because they don't even know how they think according to their current life condition, as to the difficulties, as to the accessibility, as to the expectations, as to the way they are seen or treated by society. This raises a question: How are people with disabilities treated by society and public authorities? Are their rights being respected? This answer can be traced back to a critical analysis of a person with disability's discourse

The ANALYZING THE APPLICATION OF THE EQUALITY CONCEPT TO INDIGENOUS STATUS IN RELATION TO HUMAN RIGHTS

This article is about the Statute of the Indian from the educational point of view of equality. It aims to approach one of the branches of social rights, regarding education. This education is protected by the 1988 Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil and must be provided on an equal basis for students of basic education and indigenous academics. It is a fact that traditional populations, from basic education, receive an education in a different way, because of their language, customs. Based on this premise, the research sought to answer why offer differentiated treatment in basic education (primary and secondary) and not give the necessary support in higher education? In this context, we sought to get to know the reality of the indigenous peoples in terms of education, from the first steps until they entered the University. In addition, factors were pointed out that make it difficult for these scholars to remain in universities and the possible ways to attenuate the existing discrepancies in education and opportunity between indigenous and non-indigenous people. The methodology applied was the bibliographic review, with the use of books, legislation (especially the Statute of the Indian) and articles hosted in online journals. The results showed that despite the advances, there is still a long way to go to achieve an ideal education

General Gymnastics and its Applicability in the School and Social Environment: A Bibliographic Review

The subject of this paper is the history, concepts, aspects and importance of General Gymnastics. The purpose of this study was to make a synthesis of studies of doctrines and articles published in a journal, considering the relevance of General Gymnastics practice, for students within the school, and in life as to the numerous benefits it can bring. The methodology used was qualitative, with descriptive analysis. The study was supported by an integrative literature review, in which the search for scientific content was refined with the use of specific keywords related to the search theme, using the databases SciELO and Google Schoolar