Raw material depletion and scenario assessment in European Union – A circular economy approach

Nowadays the production systems are linear and the consumption patterns are essentially based on products with a short life cycle, which contribute to increase the demand for raw materials and environmental impacts. The Circular Economy (CE) is playing a major role among scholars and practitioners. Many aspects are now defining this new trending paradigm such as the roles of product development, transformation and remanufacturing/recycling, and/or management of waste, ensuring the economic and environmental benefits. The increasing demand causes instability of the prices and markets, and there is also the risk of supply rupture. This is very unsustainable and puts at risk countries’ development. In this work we analyze and assess some EU critical raw material (CRM), considering existing global reserves and production. Correlation between several parameters was also analyzed. Under this assumption one scenario was considered to assess the depletion of two CRM. China is the main supplier in 15 out of 25 CRM considered in this analysis and its average percentage is 65%. Phosphate rock presents the highest value and antimony the lowest for depletion indicator. It was possible to conclude that no significant correlation was found between depletion, self-sufficiency and economic importance indicators.The Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal (FCT) , (Project UID/QUI/50006/2013) is acknowledged for the financial funding.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Dois motins

The author describes two mutinies that broke out in the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom warships anchored in Spithead and Nore in 1797 during the French Revolutionary Wars, and compares these with the sailor revolts that occurred in the Brazilian fleet in 1910

João Cândido e a Revolta de 1910

A perspectiva do ano de 1910 constituía um marco na vida e na eficiência da Marinha de Guerra, substituindo fase anterior de estagnação, mas foi rompida no dia 22 de novembro por motim eclodido nos seus mais poderosos navios recém-adquiridos, os Encouraçados Minas Gerais e São Paulo, o Cruzador Bahia e o antigo blindado Deodoro

A pioneering experience in Brazil: the creation of a center for assistance and research for medical residents (NAPREME) at the Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo

The decision to develop a treatment service for medical residents at Escola Paulista de Medicina was influenced by three main factors: the suicide of four young doctors (2 residents) at this institution between 1995 and 1996, a research study that investigated stress among medical residents and the experience of other countries in response to similar problems. NAPREME has the following objectives: to help to reduce stress among residents, stimulate professional and personal development, prevent professional dysfunction and emotional disorders, offer psychological treatment, assess the tutors of residency programmes and develop research programmes to better identify risk factors for emotional problems during the residency period. We hope that by doing this the overall quality of the residency programme will improve, both for the professionals and the patients.A decisão de criar um centro de assistência e pesquisa em Residência Médica na Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) foi influenciada por três principais fatores: o suicídio de quatro jovens médicos (2 residentes) nos anos de 1995 e 1996, uma pesquisa sobre fontes de estresse durante o treinamento na Residência Médica nessa instituição e a experiência de outros países com relação a questões semelhantes.O Núcleo de Assistência e Pesquisa em Residência Médica (NAPREME) tem como objetivos: contribuir para a redução do estresse do treinamento, promover o crescimento profissional e pessoal dos residentes, prevenir disfunções profissionais e distúrbios emocionais, oferecer atendimento psicológico, assessorar os preceptores dos Programas de Residência Médica e desenvolver projetos de pesquisa que identifiquem as dificuldades emocionais que ocorrem durante o treinamento. O objetivo final é aperfeiçoar o sistema de capacitação profissional na Residência Médica, aprimorando a assistência prestada aos pacientes e a qualidade de vida dos profissionais encarregados dessa assistência.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

Thought and language disorders in very early onset schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and bipolar disorder

Background: Thought and language disorders are main features of adults with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders however studies on such abnormalities are scant in young patients with very early onset psychosis (VEOS). The aim of the present study is to assess the relationship between language and thought disorders in patients with very early onset schizophrenia (SCZ), schizoaffective disorders (SCA) and bipolar disorders (BD). Method: Forty-one patients (18 SCZ, 16 BD, and 7 SCA) with mean age less than 15 years old were assessed through a series of neurocognitive and psycholinguistic tests, including the Thought, Language and Communication Scale (TLC). Results: SCZ group performed worse in all tests as well as the TLC, followed by SCA and BD groups respectively. Thought disorders were related to deficits in executive functioning and semantic processing, and the metaphors' test was the best predictor of TLC functioning. Discussion: TD in SCZ, SCA and BD are one of the most important features in patients with VEOS and that the evaluation of metaphor comprehension can be an important instrument in the early detection of this disorder.Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med FMUSP, Dept & Inst Psychiat, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo Unifesp, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo Unifesp, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Allowable Load Assessment in Metal-Composite Double-Lap Joint / Avaliação de Carga Permitida em Junta de Dupla Folga Metal-Composto

This work consists of evaluating the tensile and compression static allowable stress of a hybrid (metal-composite) riveted joint. The analyzed joint is composed by two sheets of 2014 – T6 aluminium alloy and a T300/5208 Graphite/Epoxy quasi-isotropic laminate, which were joined by twelve Lockbolt Swaged Collar rivets titanium alloy Ti–6Al–4V annealed. The joint was analyzed through a computational model developed using the Finite Element Method (FEM), with the fasteners modelled through the Multi - Springs technique. This method was widely used to simulate the mechanical behaviour metal-metal and composite-composite parts of the joint. It is validated comparing its results with analytical results of metallic joints available in the literature. Through this model, both the allowable load and its distribution in the fasteners of the joint were determined. Since the evaluated joint is subjected to double shear and, therefore, has no eccentricities, the presence of secondary bending was not observed, the bearing and bypass loads were the most relevant in evaluating the allowable loads of the joint. The load distribution in the joint and its components’ safety margin was determined, with the laminate being the limiting component of the allowable load

Depth dependent local structures in thin films unraveled by grazing incidence x-ray absorption spectroscopy

A method of using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) together with resolved grazing incidence geometry for depth profiling atomic, electronic, chemical or magnetic local structures in thin films is presented. The quantitative deconvolution of thickness-dependent spectral features is performed by fully considering both scattering and absorption formalisms. Surface oxidation and local structural depth profiles in nanometric FePt films are determined, exemplifying the application of the method.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

SOIL LOSS ESTIMATION IN A WATERSHED OF THE PARANÁ RIVER WITH DYSTROPHIC RED LATOSOL: Estimativa da perda de solo da Bacia Hidrográfica Córrego Santa Vera sobre Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico

The hydroelectric power plants (HPP) in Ilha Solteira and Jupiá are part of the Urubupungá Hydroelectric Complex, which is the sixth most important hydroelectric complex in the world. However, their reservoirs are undergoing an intense siltation process. We evaluated the erosive potential of the Santa Vera Stream Watershed (SVSW), located on the banks of the Jupiá HPP reservoir. Soil use and occupation maps, and field analysis, enhanced by Geographic Information Systems (GIS), were used to obtain important parameters for the creation of RUSLE factors for the entire watershed. It was confirmed that areas dominated by degraded pastures that lacked conservation practices, such as contour lines, together with the increase in steepness of slopes toward areas near the drainage networks, resulted in higher estimates of soil loss. We concluded that the predominant values for soil loss estimates in the SVSW were low or close to zero. Nevertheless, values classified as being above soil recovery capacity were found in the reservoir banks, which lack riparian vegetation. Therefore, projects aiming at replenishing the vegetation of the reservoir banks are extremely important for their maintenance and for the conservation of native species in the regionAs usinas hidrelétricas (UHE) de Ilha Solteira e Jupiá compõem o complexo hidrelétrico denominado Urubupungá, o sexto complexo mais importante mundialmente, porém os reservatórios dessas usinas vêm sofrendo um processo intenso de assoreamento. Neste contexto, estre trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o potencial erosivo da Bacia Hidrográfica Córrego Santa Vera (BCSV), localizada as margens do reservatório da UHE de Jupiá. Por meio do uso de mapas de uso e ocupação dos solos e análises de campo, associada à utilização de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIGs) pôde-se obter parâmetros importantes para a confecção dos fatores pertencentes a RUSLE para toda bacia. Verificou-se a predominância de áreas com pastagens degradadas e sem uso de boas práticas conservacionistas, como curvas de nível, que associados ao aumento da declividade nas áreas próximas as redes de drenagem, resultaram em maiores estimativas de perdas de solo. Concluiu-se que os valores predominantes de estimativa de perda de solo na BCSV foram baixos ou próximos de zero, porém, valores classificados como acima da capacidade de recuperação do solo foram encontrados nas margens do reservatório, que não possuem mata ciliar. Neste âmbito, projetos que visem a revegetação das margens do reservatório são de extrema importância para a manutenção do reservatório bem como a conservação de espécies nativas da região