610 research outputs found
LA TÉCNICA DE LA CONSULTORÃA EXTERNA (“OUTSOURCINGâ€) EN LA ADMINISTRACIÓN DE LOS AGRONEGOCIOS
At present companies are trying hard to reduce productive assets by reducing general expenses and increasing flexibility toward what they call “lean productionâ€. For this reason they are hiring specialized companies under long term agreements in order to supply parts, operations, and services, with quality responsibility, integrating them into their production line with their own workers. Worldwide, a new phenomenon has occurred where technology has taken over a great deal of the company's performance through simplified processes. After which there has been the need to implement an integration phase, and finally there is a tendency towards optimization. Agribusiness is part of this new tendency. “Tercerización†is more known for its English term “outsourcingâ€. Nevertheless, “tercerización†is becoming a more and more familiar term. This is good for the Spanish Language as foreign expressions should be avoided. Currently this technique is applied in big agricultural and agribusiness corporations, however during research, it was determined that other companies, such as accounting offices, service companies, and food-analysis labs, are using something similar to what has been described.Tercerizacion, outsourcing, consultancy, agribusiness, Agribusiness,
Dispositivo de metacrilato con escala milimetrada para medir la movilidad del primer y quinto radios del pie en carga y descarga
Dispositivo de metacrilato con escala milimetrada
para medir la movilidad del primer y quinto radios del
pie en carga y descarga que tiene por objeto
cuantificar el movimiento de dorsiflexión y
plantarflexión del primer y quinto radios del pie,
aportando a los clínicos una herramienta de fácil
manejo, pequeña y ligera, que complementaría a la
habitual maniobra de exploración de este movimiento,
totalmente subjetiva. Su uso principal será el
diagnóstico de alteraciones funcionales del primer y
quinto radios, como lo son el primer (o quinto) radio
dorsalflexionado y plantarflexionado (en sus
variaciones flexibles, semirrígidos y rígidos), y primer
(o quinto) radio hipermóvil.Españ
A genome-wide association study follow-up suggests a possible role for PPARG in systemic sclerosis susceptibility
Introduction:
A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) comprising a French cohort of systemic sclerosis (SSc) reported several non-HLA single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showing a nominal association in the discovery phase. We aimed to identify previously overlooked susceptibility variants by using a follow-up strategy.<p></p>
Methods:
Sixty-six non-HLA SNPs showing a P value <10-4 in the discovery phase of the French SSc GWAS were analyzed in the first step of this study, performing a meta-analysis that combined data from the two published SSc GWASs. A total of 2,921 SSc patients and 6,963 healthy controls were included in this first phase. Two SNPs, PPARG rs310746 and CHRNA9 rs6832151, were selected for genotyping in the replication cohort (1,068 SSc patients and 6,762 healthy controls) based on the results of the first step. Genotyping was performed by using TaqMan SNP genotyping assays.
Results:
We observed nominal associations for both PPARG rs310746 (PMH = 1.90 × 10-6, OR, 1.28) and CHRNA9 rs6832151 (PMH = 4.30 × 10-6, OR, 1.17) genetic variants with SSc in the first step of our study. In the replication phase, we observed a trend of association for PPARG rs310746 (P value = 0.066; OR, 1.17). The combined overall Mantel-Haenszel meta-analysis of all the cohorts included in the present study revealed that PPARG rs310746 remained associated with SSc with a nominal non-genome-wide significant P value (PMH = 5.00 × 10-7; OR, 1.25). No evidence of association was observed for CHRNA9 rs6832151 either in the replication phase or in the overall pooled analysis.<p></p>
Conclusion:
Our results suggest a role of PPARG gene in the development of SSc
Lysosomal lipid alterations caused by glucocerebrosidase deficiency promote lysosomal dysfunction, chaperone-mediated-autophagy deficiency, and alpha-synuclein pathology
Mutations in the GBA gene that encodes the lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) are a major genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we generated a set of differentiated and stable human dopaminergic cell lines that express the two most prevalent GBA mutations as well as GBA knockout cell lines as a in vitro disease modeling system to study the relationship between mutant GBA and the abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein. We performed a deep analysis of the consequences triggered by the presence of mutant GBA protein and the loss of GCase activity in different cellular compartments, focusing primarily on the lysosomal compartment, and analyzed in detail the lysosomal activity, composition, and integrity. The loss of GCase activity generates extensive lysosomal dysfunction, promoting the loss of activity of other lysosomal enzymes, affecting lysosomal membrane stability, promoting intralysosomal pH changes, and favoring the intralysosomal accumulation of sphingolipids and cholesterol. These local events, occurring only at a subcellular level, lead to an impairment of autophagy pathways, particularly chaperone-mediated autophagy, the main α-synuclein degradative pathway. The findings of this study highlighted the role of lysosomal function and lipid metabolism in PD and allowed us to describe a molecular mechanism to understand how mutations in GBA can contribute to an abnormal accumulation of different α-synuclein neurotoxic species in PD pathology.The authors wish to thank Dr. Arango (VHIR) for the PX461 vector and all the Vila lab members for their support. This work was supported by the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spain)-FEDER (PI17/00496 and PI20/00728), the Michael J. Fox Foundation, the Silverstein Foundation (MJFF 16182), and the BBVA Foundation (NanoERT). M.M. was supported by an FPU doctoral fellowship (FPU18/05595) from MINECO (Spain); J.R. was supported by a PERIS fellowship (Generalitat de Catalunya); E.P. was supported by a VHIR doctoral fellowship (VHIR, Barcelona).Peer reviewe
Repurposing the Open Global Health Library for the discovery of novel Mpro destabilizers with scope as broad-spectrum antivirals
The SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic remains globally active. The emergence of new variants of interest and variants of concern (VoCs), which are potentially more vaccine-resistant and less sensitive to existing treatments, is evident due to their high prevalence. The prospective spread of such variants and other coronaviruses with epidemic potential demands preparedness that can be met by developing fast-track workflows to find new candidates that target viral proteins with a clear in vitro and in vivo phenotype. Mpro (or 3CLpro) is directly involved in the viral replication cycle and the production and function of viral polyproteins, which makes it an ideal target. The biological relevance of Mpro is highly conserved among betacoronaviruses like HCoV-OC43 and SARS-CoV-2, which makes the identification of new chemical scaffolds targeting them a good starting point for designing broad-spectrum antivirals. We report an optimized methodology based on orthogonal cell-free assays to identify small molecules that inhibit the binding pockets of both SARS-CoV-2-Mpro and HCoV-OC43-Mpro; this blockade correlates with antiviral activities in HCoV-OC43 cellular models. By using such a fast-tracking approach against the Open Global Health Library (Merck KGaA), we have found evidence of the antiviral activity of compound OGHL98. In silico studies dissecting intermolecular interactions between OGHL98 and both proteases and comprising docking and molecular dynamics simulations (MDSs) concluded that the binding mode was primarily governed by conserved H-bonds with their C-terminal amino acids and that the rational design of OGHL98 has potential against VoCs proteases resistant to current therapeutics.The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the
research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. DG-P’s
laboratory and research have been funded by the European
Commission—Next Generation EU (regulation EU 2020/2094)
through CSIC’s Global Health Platform (PTI Salud Global), the
Instituto de Salud Carlos III Subdirección General de Redes y
Centros de Investigación Cooperativa-Red de Investigación
Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET: RD16/0027/
0014), and the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and by the
grants PID2019-109623RB-I00, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/
501100011033, and FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa (2016-
79957-R), and PID2022-142971OB-I00, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE, and by the Junta de Andalucía (BIO-
199). DR’s research has been funded by the Fondo Nacional de
Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT), grant number
1220656, and the Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo
(ANID), grant number COVID0199.Peer reviewe
Extra-virgin olive oil contains a metabolo-epigenetic inhibitor of cancer stem cells
We are grateful to
Custodio Borrego for giving us free use of the photograph he
took of EVOO and olive trees in Granada (Spain), which have
been included in Figure 7. This work has been awarded with the
IV Premio Internacional Castillo de Canena de Investigación Oleícola
‘LUIS VAÑÓ’(IV Edition of Castillo de Canena LUIS VAÑÓ Award for
Research on Olive Cultivation and Olive Oil; UC Davis Olive Center,
Castillo de Canena, and Universidad de Jaén).The authors would like to thank Dr Kenneth McCreath for editorial
support. We are greatly indebted to Prof Robert A. Weinberg
(Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA)
for providing the HMLERshCntrol/HMLERshEcad cells used in this
work.Targeting tumor-initiating, drug-resistant populations of cancer stem cells (CSC) with phytochemicals is a novel
paradigm for cancer prevention and treatment. We herein employed a phenotypic drug discovery approach coupled to
mechanism-of-action profiling and target deconvolution to identify phenolic components of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO)
capable of suppressing the functional traits of CSC in breast cancer (BC). In vitro screening revealed that the secoiridoid
decarboxymethyl oleuropein aglycone (DOA) could selectively target subpopulations of epithelial-like, aldehyde
dehydrogenase (ALDH)-positive and mesenchymal-like, CD44+CD24−/low CSC. DOA could potently block the formation of
multicellular tumorspheres generated from single-founder stem-like cells in a panel of genetically diverse BC models.
Pretreatment of BC populations with noncytotoxic doses of DOA dramatically reduced subsequent tumor-forming capacity
in vivo. Mice orthotopically injected with CSC-enriched BC-cell populations pretreated with DOA remained tumor-free for
several months. Phenotype microarray-based screening pointed to a synergistic interaction of DOA with the mTOR inhibitor
rapamycin and the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor 5-azacytidine. In silico computational studies indicated that
DOA binds and inhibits the ATP-binding kinase domain site of mTOR and the S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) cofactorbinding
pocket of DNMTs. FRET-based Z-LYTE™ and AlphaScreen-based in vitro assays confirmed the ability of DOA to
function as an ATP-competitive mTOR inhibitor and to block the SAM-dependent methylation activity of DNMTs. Our
systematic in vitro, in vivo and in silico approaches establish the phenol-conjugated oleoside DOA as a dual mTOR/DNMT
inhibitor naturally occurring in EVOO that functionally suppresses CSC-like states responsible for maintaining tumorinitiating
cell properties within BC populations.This work was supported by grants from the Ministerio de
Ciencia e Innovación (Grant SAF2016-80639-P to J.A.M.),
Plan Nacional de I+D+I, Spain, the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts
Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR; Grant 2014 SGR229 to J.A.M.),
Departament d’Economia i Coneixement, Catalonia, Spain,
the Andalusian Regional Government Council of Innovation
and Science (Grant P11-CTS-7625 to A.S.-C.), the Ministerio de
Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Spain (Grants AGL2015-
67995-C2-3-R and AGL2015-67995-C3-1-R to A.S.-C. and V.M.)
and Conselleria d’Educació, Investigació, Cultura I Esport,
Generalitat Valenciana, Spain (Grant PROMETEO/2016/006 to
V.M). E.C. is supported by the Sara Borrell post doctoral contract
(CD15/00033) from the Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo,
Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (FIS), Spain
Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at TeV with the ATLAS detector
This paper presents measurements of the and cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a
function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were
collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with
the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity
of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements
varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the
1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured
with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with
predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various
parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between
them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables,
submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at
https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13
Search for chargino-neutralino production with mass splittings near the electroweak scale in three-lepton final states in √s=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
A search for supersymmetry through the pair production of electroweakinos with mass splittings near the electroweak scale and decaying via on-shell W and Z bosons is presented for a three-lepton final state. The analyzed proton-proton collision data taken at a center-of-mass energy of √s=13 TeV were collected between 2015 and 2018 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1. A search, emulating the recursive jigsaw reconstruction technique with easily reproducible laboratory-frame variables, is performed. The two excesses observed in the 2015–2016 data recursive jigsaw analysis in the low-mass three-lepton phase space are reproduced. Results with the full data set are in agreement with the Standard Model expectations. They are interpreted to set exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level on simplified models of chargino-neutralino pair production for masses up to 345 GeV
Search for direct stau production in events with two hadronic tau-leptons in root s=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
A search for the direct production of the supersymmetric partners ofτ-leptons (staus) in final stateswith two hadronically decayingτ-leptons is presented. The analysis uses a dataset of pp collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of139fb−1, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LargeHadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant deviation from the expected StandardModel background is observed. Limits are derived in scenarios of direct production of stau pairs with eachstau decaying into the stable lightest neutralino and oneτ-lepton in simplified models where the two staumass eigenstates are degenerate. Stau masses from 120 GeV to 390 GeV are excluded at 95% confidencelevel for a massless lightest neutralino
Computational approaches to Explainable Artificial Intelligence:Advances in theory, applications and trends
Deep Learning (DL), a groundbreaking branch of Machine Learning (ML), has emerged as a driving force in both theoretical and applied Artificial Intelligence (AI). DL algorithms, rooted in complex and non-linear artificial neural systems, excel at extracting high-level features from data. DL has demonstrated human-level performance in real-world tasks, including clinical diagnostics, and has unlocked solutions to previously intractable problems in virtual agent design, robotics, genomics, neuroimaging, computer vision, and industrial automation. In this paper, the most relevant advances from the last few years in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and several applications to neuroscience, neuroimaging, computer vision, and robotics are presented, reviewed and discussed. In this way, we summarize the state-of-the-art in AI methods, models and applications within a collection of works presented at the 9th International Conference on the Interplay between Natural and Artificial Computation (IWINAC). The works presented in this paper are excellent examples of new scientific discoveries made in laboratories that have successfully transitioned to real-life applications.</p
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