Profiles of Chicano educational opportunity 1950-1980 the significance of teacher expectations

A classified ad was printed in a Southern California newspaper requesting Chicanos who attended high school between 1950 and 1980 to discuss their school experiences. Eight interviews were conducted; one participant was a college graduate, two others were high school graduates, and the others dropped out of high school to work or start a family. The interviews illuminated how the educational system, namely teachers’ expectations, affected the academic aspirations and achievements of the participants. Interview results showed that the lack of culturally affirming relationships with teachers hindered most interviewees’ ability to make connections between hard work in school and future social and economic benefits

Monitoring your Friends, not your Foes: Strategic Ignorance and the Delegation of Real Authority

In this laboratory experiment we study the use of strategic ignorance to delegate real authority within a firm. A worker can gather information on investment projects, while a manager makes the implementation decision. The manager can monitor the worker. This allows her to better exploit the information gathered by the worker, but also reduces the worker's incentives to gather information in the first place. Both effects of monitoring are influenced by the interest alignment between manager and worker. Our data confirms the theoretical predictions that optimal monitoring depends non-monotonically on the level of interest alignment. We also find evidence for hidden costs of control and preferences for control, but these have no substantial effects on organizational outcomes.delegation, real authority, strategic ignorance

The Cartography of Ibero-Romance Agrammatic Deficits

This paper aims at examining whether grammatical errors produced by Broca’s aphasics are a consequence of a selective impairment of functional categories in three closely related Ibero-Romance languages — Catalan, Galician, and Spanish — for which almost no work had hitherto been done. In addition, a reinterpretation will be proposed under cartographical terms (Cinque 1999, 2002, 2006, Belletti 2004, Rizzi 2004) of previous structural neurolinguistic models of agrammatic production, more specifically the Tree-Pruning Hypothesis (Friedmann 1994, Friedmann & Grodzinsky 1997, and subsequent work). Cartography has been applied to the field of language variation. However, the present article constitute a completely new use. Since the Tree-Pruning Hypothesis was based on a model of monolithic nodes, the application of the cartographic tree structure provides us with further insights about the degree of structural preservation or damage of functional categories

Supporting agile innovation and knowledge by managing human resource flexibility

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the implications of managing human resource (HR) flexibility and absorptive capacity (AC) of knowledge for the implementation of agile innovation methods in the new product development (NPD) process of manufacturing firms. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve this, the authors have carried out a meta-analysis by defining first a research question that determines the design of bibliometric data and compilation. The study question is: How firms can support agile initiatives in innovation considering their HR flexibility and AC? The Web of Science Collection has been consulted in three steps with several search strings. The analysis of 161 references without duplicities in the period 1997–2021 provides the foundations for exploring the research question. Findings: The authors propose research hypotheses to analyze the interrelationship between HR flexibility, AC and agile innovation according to the literature-based discussion. The authors have identified and develop metrics to pilot the transition to agile that have been also adapted to specific innovation departures points before the transition. The authors also propose and discuss some organizational changes and practical guidelines to pilot transitions to agile that should be useful to the firm’s strategic decision of implementing the most adequate type of agile innovation. Originality/value: Even though flexibility and innovation are very important needs for many firms, agile schemes are still under-studied topics in the NPD of manufacturing firms. There are no specific studies in the literature that analyze the interrelationship between HR flexibility, AC and agile innovation, identifying common aspects and different approaches. Thus, this study is of original nature and the developed managerial tools, composed of metrics and organizational changes, will be useful to managers and permitted the authors to achieve the proposed goal. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited

Does Electoral Competition create Incentives for Political Parties to collect Information about the Pros and Cons of Alternative Policies?

A well-known rationale for representative democracy is that direct democracy leads to a free-rider problem as to the collection of information. A problem with this rationale is that it takes for granted that representatives collect information. In this paper we examine whether or not electoral competition induces political parties or candidates to collect information about policy consequences. We show that the answer to this question depends on the cost of information collection. More surprisingly, we find that endogenizing information may lead to divergence of policy platforms

A Simple Model of Self-Assessments

We develop a simple model that describes individuals' self-assessments of their abilities. We assume that individuals learn about their abilities from appraisals of others and experience. Our model predicts that if communication is imperfect, then (i) appraisals of others tend to be too positive, and (ii) overconfidence leading to too much activism is more likely than underconfidence leading to too much passivity. The predictions of our model are consistent with findings in the social psychological literature

Polarization, Information Collection and Electoral Control

We identify the conditions under which voters can induce political parties to collect information and to select policies which are optimal from the representative voter's point of view. We show that when parties are office motivated the voting rule should encourage parties to collect information. Voting rules that focus on the opposition party sometimes dominate voting rules that focus on the incumbent party. When parties are policy motivated, parties have also to be motivated to select good policies. Generally, it is easier to stimulate policy motivated parties to collect information than office motivated parties. However, in contrast to office motivated parties, policy motivated parties will sometimes select policies that conflict with the representative voter's interest

Bolivian women pathways in rural and urban areas of Mendoza (Argentina)

El presente trabajo intenta explorar las potencialidades de un abordaje cuali-comparativo de las trayectorias diferenciales de mujeres bolivianas que residen actualmente en la provincia de Mendoza y se desempeñan en dos segmentos del mercado de trabajo destinados a migrantes recientes, como lo son la agricultura en contextos rurales y el comercio informal en espacios urbanos. Desde una perspectiva de género, analizamos las trayectorias migratorias y laborales de estas mujeres a partir de dos investigaciones realizadas entre 2010 y la actualidad en Ugarteche (distrito de Luján de Cuyo que convoca a trabajadores/as agrícolas) y Belgrano (distrito urbano de Guaymallén, departamento del Gran Mendoza, donde tiene un fuerte peso el comercio en ferias emplazadas en espacios públicos). Así, buscamos poner en diálogo algunos hallazgos de investigación basados en distintos contextos laborales y espaciales, que comparten algunas dimensiones relevantes,como la unidad temporal de investigación, la metodología empleada, los lugares de procedencia de las entrevistadas y sus grupos de edad.This paper attempts to explore the potential of a qualitative and comparative approach regarding the differential trayectories of Bolivian women who live in the province of Mendoza and work in two segments of the labor market aimed at recent immigrants, such as agriculture in rural contexts and informal trade in urban spaces. From a gender perspective, we analyzed the migratory and labor trajectories of these women from two researches, conducted between 2010 and today in Ugarteche (district of Luján de Cuyo that demands agricultural workers) and Belgrano (urban district of Guaymallén department of Mendoza, where trade it has a strong weight emplaced in public spaces). Thus, we seek to articulate some research findings based on different labor contexts and spatial units, which share some relevant dimensions, such as temporary research unit, the methodology used, the places of origin of respondents and their age group.Fil: Moreno, Marta Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Las Zonas Aridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Las Zonas Aridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Las Zonas Aridas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Chilecito; ArgentinaFil: Martinez Espínola, María Victoria. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Ciencias Humanas, Sociales y Ambientales; Argentin

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Spanish Speaking Families who have Children with Disabilities

Culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) families encounter many challenges when trying to effectively advocate for and be a part of their children’s education. The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has added additional struggles for many CLD families, including families of children with disabilities. Utilizing a qualitative phenomenological design, this study aimed to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Spanish speaking families of students with special needs. Ten Spanish speaking parents of children with special needs participated in this study. Participants were asked to share their experiences receiving services for their children with disabilities during the first year of the pandemic. Four themes emerged from the interviews: New Learning Opportunities, Educational Impact and Performance, Decline of Socio-Emotional Well-Being, and Impact on Home Stability. Recommendations for practitioners working with students with disabilities who are from CLD backgrounds will be shared. Implications for future practice will also be discussed. Keywords: Culturally and linguistically diverse families, CLD families, COVID-19 pandemic, special needs, disabilities, Latinx families, Spanish speaking familie

A Dynamic Semi-Circular Bending Configuration for the Rheological Characterization of Asphalt Mixtures

Many experimental procedures have been proposed for the determination of the rheological properties of asphalt mixtures. Among them, the indirect tensile test (ITT) has gained a lot of attention because of its relative simplicity and advantages. However, a biaxial state of stress is developed into the sample and then, the Poisson ratio must be estimated or measured for the calculations of the dynamic modulus. Looking for a testing configuration with the same simplicity and advantages, this paper proposes the Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) geometry with dynamic loading conditions in order to characterize the rheological properties (dynamic modulus and phase angle) of asphalt mixtures. Samples compacted in the laboratory or cored from in-service pavements can be used. A uniaxial state of stress is developed in the lower plane surface of the sample doing negligible the influence of the Poisson ratio on the dynamic modulus calculations. A specific experimental configuration was adopted and a 2D-FEM model has been used for the development of an equation for the calculation of the dynamic modulus. Two different asphalt mixtures were tested at diverse testing temperatures and loading frequencies. The obtained results have been analyzed and compared with those acquired with the more conventional testing configuration in uniaxial compression. An excellent agreement has been found for either the dynamic modulus or the phase angle with both sets of results. It could be concluded that the SCB configuration has been validated as a simple and promising methodology for the characterization of the viscoelastic response of asphalt mixtures