8,142 research outputs found
Perceptions of family functioning and self-concept in adolescent anorexia nervosa [R]
Authors have highlighted the importance of the family for the development of positive self-concept and identity, not only in mental health research but also in various developmental and social psychology fields. With the increase in the incidence and prevalence of eating disorders in Australia and around the world, some researchers have attempted to understand how aspects of family functioning affect the onset and maintenance of the chronic illness, particularly for younger patients who are still undergoing drastic psychological changes and development. This study attempted to bridge gaps in the literature examining functioning and dyadic relations in families affected by eating disorders. More specifically, this study compared the perceptions of mothers, fathers and daughters about general family functioning to determine whether any discrepancies between the perceptions of family and how these affect self-concept in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa.<br /
Body image and self-concept in adolescent girls [R]
Anorexia Nervosa has been recently recognized as one of the most common chronic illnesses that affects the female adolescent population today. Although there has been an abundance of research into eating disorders in a variety of fields, significant limitations within the research still exist. Since very early descriptions of the disorder, self-concept and body image have been identified as core components of the anorexia nervosa. However, research has been somewhat limited in that there have not been any consistent theoretical underpinnings for self-concept and body image within the eating disorders field. Furthermore, researchers have tended to adopt traditional inferential statistics and multivariate methods to assess the role of self-concept and body image. As a result there has been very little consistency in research results. The current paper summarizes the significant findings from a doctoral thesis that attempted to address current limitations in self-concept and body image literature within the field of eating disorders.<br /
Sensitivity of screening mammography by density and texture:a cohort study from a population-based screening program in Denmark
UC-168 Telemedic Application
The project is a web portal for doctors and patients that can store chats, reports, requests for appointments, and host video calls. It is built in JavaScript and utilizes ReactJS, Zoom, NPM, and other third party softwares to run. This project is an undergraduate capstone project
Surface topography of hydroxyapatite affects ROS17/2.8 cells response
Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been used in orthopedic, dental, and maxillofacial surgery as a bone substitute.
The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of surface topography produced by the presence of microporosity on cell response, evaluating: cell attachment, cell morphology, cell proliferation, total protein content, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. HA discs with different percentages of microporosity (< 5%, 15%, and 30%) were confected by means of the combination of uniaxial powder pressing and different sintering conditions. ROS17/2.8 cells were cultured
on HA discs. For the evaluation of attachment, cells were cultured for two hours. Cell morphology was evaluated
after seven days. After seven and fourteen days, cell proliferation, total protein content, and ALP activity were measured. Data were compared by means of ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test, when appropriate. Cell attachment (p = 0.11) and total protein content (p = 0.31) were not affected by surface topography. Proliferation after 7 and 14 days (p = 0.0007 and p = 0.003, respectively), and ALP activity (p = 0.0007) were both significantly decreased by the most irregular surface (HA30). These results suggest that initial cell events were not affected by surface topography, while surfaces with more regular topography, as those present in HA with 15% or less of microporosity, favored intermediary and final events such as cell proliferation and ALP activity
Automatically extracting functionally equivalent proteins from SwissProt
In summary, FOSTA provides an automated analysis of annotations in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot to enable groups of proteins already annotated as functionally equivalent, to be extracted. Our results demonstrate that the vast majority of UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot functional annotations are of high quality, and that FOSTA can interpret annotations successfully. Where FOSTA is not successful, we are able to highlight inconsistencies in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot annotation. Most of these would have presented equal difficulties for manual interpretation of annotations. We discuss limitations and possible future extensions to FOSTA, and recommend changes to the UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot format, which would facilitate text-mining of UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Mammographic density and structural features can individually and jointly contribute to breast cancer risk assessment in mammography screening:a case-control study
BACKGROUND: Mammographic density is a well-established risk factor for breast cancer. We investigated the association between three different methods of measuring density or parenchymal pattern/texture on digitized film-based mammograms, and examined to what extent textural features independently and jointly with density can improve the ability to identify screening women at increased risk of breast cancer. METHODS: The study included 121 cases and 259 age- and time matched controls based on a cohort of 14,736 women with negative screening mammograms from a population-based screening programme in Denmark in 2007 (followed until 31 December 2010). Mammograms were assessed using the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) density classification, Tabár’s classification on parenchymal patterns and a fully automated texture quantification technique. The individual and combined association with breast cancer was estimated using binary logistic regression to calculate Odds Ratios (ORs) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs). RESULTS: Cases showed significantly higher BI-RADS and texture scores on average than controls (p < 0.001). All three methods were individually able to segregate women into different risk groups showing significant ORs for BI-RADS D3 and D4 (OR: 2.37; 1.32–4.25 and 3.93; 1.88–8.20), Tabár’s PIII and PIV (OR: 3.23; 1.20–8.75 and 4.40; 2.31–8.38), and the highest quartile of the texture score (3.04; 1.63–5.67). AUCs for BI-RADS, Tabár and the texture scores (continuous) were 0.63 (0.57–0–69), 0.65 (0.59–0–71) and 0.63 (0.57–0–69), respectively. Combining two or more methods increased model fit in all combinations, demonstrating the highest AUC of 0.69 (0.63-0.74) when all three methods were combined (a significant increase from standard BI-RADS alone). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the (relative) amount of fibroglandular tissue (density) and mammographic structural features (texture/parenchymal pattern) jointly can improve risk segregation of screening women, using information already available from normal screening routine, in respect to future personalized screening strategies. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2450-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users
Implementation of Web-Based Respondent-Driven Sampling among Men who Have Sex with Men in Vietnam
Objective: Lack of representative data about hidden groups, like men who have
sex with men (MSM), hinders an evidence-based response to the HIV epidemics.
Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was developed to overcome sampling challenges
in studies of populations like MSM for which sampling frames are absent.
Internet-based RDS (webRDS) can potentially circumvent limitations of the
original RDS method. We aimed to implement and evaluate webRDS among a hidden
population.
Methods and Design: This cross-sectional study took place 18 February to 12
April, 2011 among MSM in Vietnam. Inclusion criteria were men, aged 18 and
above, who had ever had sex with another man and were living in Vietnam.
Participants were invited by an MSM friend, logged in, and answered a survey.
Participants could recruit up to four MSM friends. We evaluated the system by
its success in generating sustained recruitment and the degree to which the
sample compositions stabilized with increasing sample size.
Results: Twenty starting participants generated 676 participants over 24
recruitment waves. Analyses did not show evidence of bias due to ineligible
participation. Estimated mean age was 22 year and 82% came from the two large
metropolitan areas. 32 out of 63 provinces were represented. The median number
of sexual partners during the last six months was two. The sample composition
stabilized well for 16 out of 17 variables.
Conclusion: Results indicate that webRDS could be implemented at a low cost
among Internet-using MSM in Vietnam. WebRDS may be a promising method for
sampling of Internet-using MSM and other hidden groups.
Key words: Respondent-driven sampling, Online sampling, Men who have sex with
men, Vietnam, Sexual risk behavio
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