Manure for Vegetables: Farm practice recommendations for minimizing human pathogenic bacteria contamination in vegetable production

To obtain sufficient yields in vegetable production, fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is necessary. Manure is a valuable source of these nutrients. This guide is an overview of the latest scientific information concerning potential food safety risks related to the application of manure in vegetable production, and gives recommendations for minimizing these risks. While the focus is on manure handling, other potential contamination sources are also briefly addressed

Economic and CO2 mitigation impacts of promoting biomass heating systems: an input-output study for Vorarlberg, Austria

This paper reports on an empirical investigation about the economic and CO2 mitigation impacts of bioenergy promotion in the Austrian federal province of Vorarlberg. We study domestic value added, employment and fiscal effects by means of a static input-output analysis. The bioenergy systems analysed comprise biomass district heating, pellet heating, automated wood chips heating systems, logwood stoves and boilers, ceramic stoves, and buffer storage facilities. The results indicate that gross economic effects are significant, both regarding investment and operation of the systems, and that the negative economic effects caused by the displacement of decentralised systems might be in the order of 20--40%. Finally, CO2 mitigation effects are substantial, contributing already in 2004 around 35% of the 2010 CO2 mitigation target of the Land Vorarlberg for all renewables set for 2010.Input-output analysis, Value added, Employment, Bioenergy

Ground State Properties and Glueball Spectrum in SU(2) Yang-Mills Theory using Gauge Invariant Variables

We describe a nonperturbative calculation of the spectrum of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory based on a Hamiltonian formulation. Our approach exploits gauge invariant variables similar to those used in nuclear physics to describe collective motion in nuclei.Comment: 18 pages Late

The cell fusion-free vegetable list helps organic farmers to find suitable cultivars (Liveseed Practice Abstract)

You can download the list for free in German and French: https://www.fibl.org/en/shop-en/1671-zf-freie-sorten.html Further Information: FiBL breeding manual https://www.fibl.org/en/shop-en/1202-plant-breeding.html - IFOAM-strategy on artificial CMS https://www.ifoam.bio/sites/default/files/cell_fusion_replacement_strategy_2017_for_website_upload.pdf - IFOAM position paper: Compatibility of Breeding Techniques in Organic S

PathOrganic - Identification of Critical Control Points for organic vegetable crops

The aim of this work is the identification of Critical Control Points1 (CCPs) for organic farms, which use manure for the production of organic lettuce, cabbage, carrots and spinach in Austria, Switzerland, Sweden, and Denmark. Due to the application of manure, vegetables are at risk to be contaminated with enteropathogens such as Escherichia coli pathogenic strains (i. e. O157:H7), Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Campylobacter jejuni, Listeria monocyto-genes, and Staphylococcus aureus. This work applies part of the principles and steps described for HACCP2 to identify the CCPs. The steps described hereafter are reported in the course guidance document “HACCP in agri-culture – Organic milk production” (1) and were adapted to the agricultural production of field vegetables. The hazard analysis is based on the characteristics of the above mentioned enteropathogens and the agricultural practices applied by the organic farmers in the four countries when growing lettuce, cabbage, carrots, and spinach. The assessment of the actual agricultural practices uses the evaluation of interviews conducted with organic farmers growing these vegetables and using manure as fertiliser. In total were interviewed 16 farmers in Austria, 16 farmers in Switzerland, 13 farmers in Sweden, and 9 farmers in Denmark. In general terms, there is no agricultural practice common to the majority of organic farmers concerning the management of animal ma-nure, fertilisation, irrigation, harvest and postharvest management when growing lettuce, cab-bage, spinach, and carrots in Austria, Switzerland, Denmark, and Sweden. Using the decision tree of the HACCP system, CCPs were identified for the primary production of organic field vegetables. Where appropriate, instead of CCPs were defined PRP-CPs3 or OP-PRPs4. Four CCPs were identified for the process steps ‘storage of animal manure’, ‘fertilisation practices’, ‘prevention of runoff and flooding’, and ‘irrigation practices’

Postal Markets and Electronic Substitution: Implications for Regulatory Practices and Institutions in Europe

There is an increasing convergence between postal products and telecom applications which suggests the need for a co-evolution of regulation. But there is hardly any discussion in academia or in practice about the consequences for regulation. Relevant questions are: Which parts of current regulation will become redundant? Is there additional regulation needed due to new bottlenecks or changes in consumer behavior? In our qualitative analysis, we investigate the implications of intermodal competition and growing convergence between postal and telecommunications services on regulatory institutions and regimes. We set up a comparison between the networks and compare the scope of universal services and issues concerning market power regulation in the two different industries.Convergence, Regulation, Post, Telecommunication, Universal service obligation, Access

Testa a testa: selezione contro malattie

I selezionatori sono in continua lotta contro le malattie. Infatti solo le insalate impeccabili trovano un acquirente

Beiträge von Martin Koller im Schweizer Bauer 2008

Martin Koller und Martin Lichtenhahn (2008): Was tun, wenn der Salat fault? Schweizer Bauer, 31.05.2008, S. 28 Martin Koller (2008): Blattläuse biologisch in den Griff bekommen. Schweizer Bauer, 23.02.2008, S. 3

Polymeric alkali fullerides are stable in air

Infrared transmission, electron spin resonance, and X-ray diffraction measurements show unambiguously that RbC$_{60}$ and KC$_{60}$ are stable in air, in contrast to Rb$_{6}$C$_{60}$ which decomposes rapidly upon exposure. The specimens studied transform into pure C$_{60}$ and other byproducts when heated above 100\dd C, approximately the temperature of the orthorhombic-fcc phase transition. The stability of these compounds raises the possibility of applying them as protective layers for the superconducting fullerides.Comment: Scheduled for publication in Appl. Phys. Lett. 66, 20 Feb. 1995, typeset in REVTEX v3.0 in LaTeX. Postscript file including all figures is available on WWW http://insti.physics.sunysb.edu/~mmartin/ under my list of publications, or will be e-mailed by request