How to coexist with fire ants: The roles of behaviour and cuticular compounds

tBecause territoriality is energetically costly, territorial animals frequently respond less aggressively toneighbours than to strangers, a reaction known as the “dear enemy phenomenon” (DEP). The contrary,the “nasty neighbour effect” (NNE), occurs mainly for group-living species defending resource-basedterritories. We studied the relationships between supercolonies of the pest fire ant Solenopsis saevissimaand eight ant species able to live in the vicinity of its nests plus Eciton burchellii, an army ant predatorof other ants. The workers from all of the eight ant species behaved submissively when confrontedwith S. saevissima (dominant) individuals, whereas the contrary was never true. Yet, S. saevissima weresubmissive towards E. burchellii workers. Both DEP and NNE were observed for the eight ant species, withsubmissive behaviours less frequent in the case of DEP. To distinguish what is due to chemical cues fromwhat can be attributed to behaviour, we extracted cuticular compounds from all of the nine ant speciescompared and transferred them onto a number of S. saevissima workers that were then confronted withuntreated conspecifics. The cuticular compounds from three species, particularly E. burchellii, triggeredgreater aggressiveness by S. saevissima workers, while those from the other species did not

Methodology for qualifying a Friction Stir Welding equipment

The objective of this research work is the industrialization of the friction stir welding process in order to provide tools to industrials to select and qualify a machine for their FSW applications. This paper presents a methodology to determine the Friction Stir Welding equipment adequate to an application. The adequate equipment can be every machine that can perform friction stir welds. This paper presents a short review, based on literature survey, of the existing friction stir welding equipments. Then, the methodology developed is presented. It is based on the studying of the interactions between the tool and the workpiece

Determining the ability of a high payload robot to perform FSW applications

This paper presents an experimental methodology to determine a Friction Stir Welding (FSW) means of production based on the experimental study of the tool / material mechanical interactions generated during the welding operation. These two stages have been identified as being characteristic for the qualification of a FSW equipment. This paper presents the experimental results of the parametric study done on the plunging and welding phases. Ranges of forces and torques diagrams were established according to the processing parameters, in order to qualify a means of production and to select the processing parameters allowing the operation on the available FSW equipment

Qualification of a robotized Friction Stir Welding System

This paper presents an experimental methodology to determine a Friction Stir Welding (FSW) means of production based on the experimental study of the tool / material mechanical interactions generated during the welding operation. These two stages have been identified as being characteristic for the qualification of a FSW equipment. This paper presents the experimental results of the parametric study done on the plunging and welding phases. Ranges of forces and torques diagrams were established according to the processing parameters, in order to qualify a means of production and select the process parameters allowing the operation on the available FSW equipment

Major clinical results of virtual zygomatic implant and assessment of the risk of bias: a systematic review

Introduction: In the context of implantology and severe resorption, zygomatic implants (ZI) are indicated and the procedures can be completed with the placement of a custom-made provisional prosthesis, reducing surgical time and optimizing results. Digital (virtual) optimizations for the ZI were developed in computerized radiology machines that allowed improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Objective: It was carried out a systematic review of the main considerations and clinical outcomes of using digital tools for the optimization of the virtual zygomatic implant. Methods: The rules of the Systematic Review-PRISMA Platform were followed. The research was carried out from January 2022 to April 2022 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 94 articles were found. In total, 62 articles were fully evaluated and 41 were included and evaluated in this study, and of the total of 41 articles, only 14 articles were developed as the main clinical results of the virtual zygomatic implant. Reducing errors and complications is essential if zygomatic implants are to remain a viable treatment alternative, and further research on a guided approach to their placement is encouraged. The surgical guide system showed accuracy for all variables studied and allowed acceptable and accurate implant placement, regardless of the complexity of the case. Thus, the surgical and prosthetic plan, the position, the emergence, the shape of the implants, the position of the provisional prosthesis, the inter-arch relationships, and the surgical templates were designed in a virtual environment and previously performed by the surgeon in stereolithographic models, allowing the surgical procedure was significantly simplified

Euro et degré de corporatisme dans la négociation salariale : Un effet club ?

Cet article construit, puis compare le degré de corporatisme de la négociation salariale avant et après le Traité de Maastricht (1992) pour neufs pays européens, ce traité modifiant durablement le policy mix à l’échelle européenne. Il ressort un clivage important selon que les pays appartiennent ou non à la zone euro. Ces derniers sont certes également caractérisés par un processus de décentralisation de la négociation salariale, mais celui-ci a été surcompensé par le renforcement de principes de coordination : intervention accrue du gouvernement, coordination verticale des partenaires sociaux plus forte, application plus large du résultat de la négociation. Outre la nécessité d’adapter le processus de formation des salaires aux éventuels chocs asymétriques, il semble que cette évolution du degré de corporatisme ait été stimulée par la lutte contre l’externalité budgétaire, variable stratégique pour les pays de la zone euro depuis Maastricht.We try to mesure and to compare the degree of corporatism of wage bargaining before and after Maastricht Treaty (1992) for nine european countries, supposing that this treaty has changed policy mix and capability of these countries to face shocks. We observe an opposition between countries inside and outside Euro Zone. The first one seems to be more tempted by decentralization of wage bargaining. The other one has introduced decentralization but also more coordination mecanisms at different levels : state, between social partners, enlargement of result of wage barganing… If it seems necessary to adapt wage bargaining to answer to asymetric shocks, we think that this change is also linked with the objective of budgetary equilibrium in european countries since Maastricht Treaty

Major clinical results of mentoplasty: a systematic review

Introduction: In the context of oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthognathic surgery (OS) is used to improve the patient's facial appearance and to correct maxillary and mandibular deformities resulting from malocclusions, disease, or trauma. Objective: It was carried out a concise systematic review of the main clinical approaches to genioplasty (genioplasty), as well as the results of more current clinical studies, to show the state of the art of this surgery. Methods: The rules of the Systematic Review-PRISMA Platform were followed. The research was carried out from February 2022 to May 2022 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 108 articles were found. In total, 68 articles were fully evaluated and 23 were included and evaluated in this study. And of the total of 23 articles, only 09 articles were developed as the main clinical results. A total of 16 articles were excluded because they did not meet the GRADE classification, and 45 were excluded because they were at risk of bias. Mentoplasty represents one of the most common auxiliary procedures and may be associated with corrective surgery for dentofacial dysmorphisms. However, care must be taken with mental nerve injuries, asymmetries, and intraoperative bleeding are the main immediate complications of mentoplasty, and to minimize these risks, the ultrasonic piezoelectric osteotomy with the selective cutting of the mineralized structure stands out. Furthermore, one-piece mentoplasty based on a three-dimensional impression model proved to be very successful for the natural modeling of the mandible. Also, it has been shown that the use of piezotomes is advantageous in mentoplasty surgery compared to traditional surgical instruments. In the context of hylotherapy, the results of the study indicate slightly less residual edema at 18°C temperature on the 30th postoperative day. Finally, in orthognathic surgery, a fibrinolytic shutdown is significantly amplified by tranexamic acid

Differential regulation of IL-22BP in Crohn’s disease versus ulcerative colitis

International audienc

TRANCE, a tumor necrosis factor family member critical for CD40 ligand- independent T helper cell activation

CD40 ligand (CD40L), a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family member, plays a critical role in antigen-specific T cell responses in vivo. CD40L expressed on activated CD4+ T cells stimulates antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells, resulting in the upregulation of costimulatory molecules and the production of various inflammatory cytokines required for CD4+ T cell priming in vivo. However, CD40L- or CD40-deficient mice challenged with viruses mount protective CD4+ T cell responses that produce normal levels of interferon γ, suggesting a CD40L/CD40-independent mechanism of CD4+ T cell priming that to date has not been elucidated. Here we show that CD4+ T cell responses to viral infection were greatly diminished in CD40-deficient mice by administration of a soluble form of TNF-related activation-induced cytokine receptor (TRANCE-R) to inhibit the function of another TNF family member, TRANCE. Thus, the TRANCE/TRANCE-R interaction provides costimulation required for efficient CD4+ T cell priming during viral infection in the absence of CD40L/CD40. These results also indicate that not even the potent inflammatory microenvironment induced by viral infections is sufficient to elicit efficient CD4+ T cell priming without proper costimulation provided by the TNF family (CD40L or TRANCE). Moreover, the data suggest that TRANCE/TRANCE-R may be a novel and important target for immune intervention