Validation of the instrument Gender Sensitivity in Teaching Practice from the university student perspective

La desigualdad, inequidad y violencia de género en la educación superior son incómodos y difícil de manejar en las instituciones. En la universidad, como institución social, existen prácticas docentes que pueden reforzar, mantener, producir y reproducir los estereotipos de género o bien ayudar a modificar y colaborar con su deconstrucción. De ahí la importancia de saber cómo el estudiantado percibe estos estereotipos desde el actuar docente. Sin embargo, en la literatura revisada se observó escasez de instrumentos que permitan dar cuenta de ello. Por lo tanto, el objetivo fue el desarrollo y validación de un instrumento diseñado para medir la sensibilidad de género en las prácticas docentes a nivel superior, desde la perspectiva del estudiantado. Tal instrumento comprende cuatro dimensiones: 1) apoyo emocional, 2) manejo de conducta, 3) apoyo pedagógico y 4) lenguaje. La validación se realizó en dos fases, la primera por juezas expertas, las cuales valoraron la pertinencia y claridad de los reactivos y se calculó la razón de validez de contenido para cada uno. En la segunda, se realizó un estudio piloto con una muestra de 870 estudiantes de licenciatura para determinar las propiedades psicométricas de las dimensiones del instrumento. Se realizaron análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios y de consistencia interna a través del coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Los resultados mostraron que las dimensiones tienen una buena estructura factorial y confiabilidad, lo cual indica que puede usarse en el ámbito universitario. La versión final del instrumento quedó conformada por 31 ítems en formato Likert y una pregunta abierta.Inequality, inequity and gender violence in higher education are uncomfortable and difficult to handle in institutions. In the university as a social institution there are teaching practices that can reinforce, maintain, produce and reproduce gender stereotypes or help modify and collaborate with their deconstruction. Hence the importance of knowing how the student perceives these stereotypes from the teaching act. However, in the reviewed literature, a shortage of instruments was observed to be considered for this. Therefore, the objective was the development and validation of an instrument designed to measure gender sensitivity in teaching practices at a higher level, from the perspective of the students. This instrument comprises four dimensions: 1) emotional support, 2) behavior management, 3) pedagogical support, and 4) language. Validation was carried out in two phases, the first by expert judges, who assessed the relevance and clarity of the items and calculated the content validity ratio for each one. In the second, a pilot study was carried out with a sample of 870 higher level students to determine the psychometric properties of the instrument’s dimensions. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes and internal consistency and were carried out through Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The results showed that the dimensions have a good factorial structure and reliability, which indicates that it can be used in the university environment. The final version of the instrument was made up of 31 items in Likert format and one open question

High resting energy expenditure, less fat-free mass, and less muscle strength in HIV-infected children: a matched, cross-sectional study

Background and aimsMany improvements have been made in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in pediatric patients; however, challenges remain in terms of achieving normal growth, body composition, and metabolism during treatment, etc. Current nutritional recommendations are based on studies performed in adults, with limited data on the HIV-infected pediatric population. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the resting energy expenditure (REE) of asymptomatic HIV-infected pediatric patients with healthy counterparts and to compare body composition, dietary intake, and physical activity between the two groups.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study of asymptomatic HIV-infected children who were receiving antiretroviral therapy; the infected group was compared with the uninfected group, matched by age (± 6 months), sex, and body mass index (± 0.5 z-score). Participants were recruited between 2021 and 2022, as outpatients. In both groups, REE was determined by indirect calorimetry and body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis and hand strength, measured using a hydraulic hand dynamometer.ResultsSeventy-eight participants were enrolled, where n = 39 HIV-infected children and n = 39 controls, with a mean age of 11.6 ± 3.4 years old. REE was significantly higher in the HIV group (1254.4 ± 334.7 kcal/day vs. 1124.7 ± 321 kcal/day, p = 0.013) than in the control group. Fat-free mass (FFM) was lower in the HIV group (28.2 ± 10.5 kg vs. 32 ± 11.2 kg, p = 0.001); this trend continued when the index skeletal muscle was evaluated (7.2 ± 1.2 vs. 7.6 ± 1.5, p = 0.04). The strength of the dominant hand was also lower in the HIV group (12 (8–18) kg vs. 20 (10.5–26) kg, p < 0.0001).ConclusionsChildren with asymptomatic HIV infection have higher REE than their uninfected peers. They also present decreased FFM, skeletal muscle mass index, and muscle strength. These parameters should be considered during nutritional assessment in this population to have a favorable impact on nutritional status and growth

Crecimiento y viabilidad celular de microalgas: efecto del medio de cultivo

In Aquaculture, the use of microalgae is fundamental in the first feeding of native fish species, since their optimal nutritional level favors survival. Successful production of microalgae under laboratory conditions depends on the culture medium used during the cryopreservation stage of production. Agricultural fertilizers can be used as a low-cost alternative culture media that promotes cell growth and cryopreservation. The objective was to evaluate the effect of two culture media on population growth (PG) and post-thawing viability (PTV) of three microalgal species (Chlorella sp., Desmodesmus sp., and Ankistrodesmus sp.). The PG and PTV were evaluated for F/2 Guillard and Nutrifoliar® culture media. Instantaneous growth rate (K), doubling time (dt), yield (y), and maximum density (md) were evaluated for PG in both culture media. For VCP, 5 and 10 % methanol was used in six treatments. The PTV was classified as no cell damage (NCD), cell damage (CD), and marked lesions (ML). Population growth did not differ among microalgae (p >0.05). T1 resulted in the lowest dt for Desmodesmus sp., (p <0.05). T2 showed the highest y and md for the three microalgae (p <0.05). Regarding post-thawing cell viability, the highest NCD for Chlorella sp. at day (d) 0 was similar between T3 and T4, and at d 5 it occurred in T6; for Desmodesmus sp., at d 0 it occurred in T6, and at d 5 it was similar between T6 and T1; for Ankistrodesmus sp., at d 0 and d 5 it occurred in T3. It is concluded that the culture medium Nutrifoliar®, is a viable alternative and of low cost for the culture and the cryopreservation of microalgae of fresh water.En acuicultura, el uso de microalgas es fundamental en la primera alimentación de especies nativas de peces, pues su óptimo nivel nutricional favorece la sobrevivencia. El éxito de la producción de microalgas depende, entre otras, del medio de cultivo empleado. Los fertilizantes agrícolas usados como medio de cultivo son una alternativa de bajo costo que favorece el crecimiento celular y la criopreservación. El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de dos medios de cultivo sobre el crecimiento poblacional (CP) y la viabilidad celular post-descongelación (VCP) de microalgas Chlorella sp., Desmodesmus sp., y Ankistrodesmus sp. Se evaluó el CP y VCP los medios de cultivo F/2 Guillard, y Nutrifoliar®. Para el CP en ambos tratamientos se determinó: crecimiento (k), tiempo de duplicación (td), rendimiento (r) y densidad máxima (dm). Para VCP se empleó metanol al 5 y 10 %, en seis tratamientos. La VCP se clasificó: sin daño celular (SDC), daño celular (DC) y lesiones marcadas (LM). El crecimiento poblacional fue igual para las tres microalgas (p>0,05). El T1 tuvo el menor td para Desmodesmus sp. (p<0,05). El T2 presentó el mayor r y dm para las tres microalgas (p <0,05). En la viabilidad celular post-descongelación, el mayor porcentaje SDC para Chlorella sp., al día (d) cero, fue similar en T3 y T4 y al d cinco fue en T6; para Desmodesmus sp, al d cero fue en T6 y al d cinco fue similar en T6 y T1; mientras que, para Ankistrodesmus sp, al d cero y cinco se presentó en T3. Se concluye que el medio de cultivo Nutrifoliar®, es una alternativa viable y de bajo costo para el cultivo y la criopreservación de microalgas de agua dulce

Evaluation of antimicrobial and antifungal activity of hydroethanolic extracts of in vitro and ex vitro seedlings of Dionaea muscipula J. Ellis

Objective: To assess the antibacterial and antifungal activity of hydroethanolic extracts of Dionaea muscipula J. Ellis against model bacteria and fungi of agricultural importance. Design/Methodology/Approach: In vitro plants of D. muscipula were propagated and acclimatized for three months. The antibacterial activity of the hydroethanolic extracts against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus and the antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum and Pseudocercospora fijiensis were evaluated. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to compare the means obtained with a Tukey test (p?0.05). Results: The hydroethanolic extracts of D. muscipula in vitro and acclimatized showed a bacteriostatic activity against the bacteria E. coli (65.20 and 69.78% inhibition) and B. cereus (91.75 and 92.61% inhibition) and an antifungal activity against the fungus P. fijiensis of 7.56 and 14.21% of inhibition, respectively. Study Limitations/Implications: The hydroethanolic extracts of D. muscipula in vitro and acclimatized did not show antifungal activity against A. niger and F. oxysporum. Findings/Conclusions: The hydroethanolic extracts of D. muscipula in vitro and acclimatized showed a bacteriostatic activity against the bacteria E. coli and B. cereus and antifungal activity against the fungus P. fijiensis.Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of hydroethanolic extracts of Dionaea muscipula J. Ellis against bacteria models and fungi of agricultural importance. Design/Methodology/Approach: In vitro plants of D. muscipula were propagated and acclimatized for three months. The antibacterial activity of the hydroethanolic extracts against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus was evaluated, and the antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum and Pseudocercospora fijiensis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out to compare the means obtained with Tukey’s test (p≤0.05). Results: The hydroethanolic extracts of in vitro and acclimatized D. muscipula presented bacteriostatic activity against the bacteria E. coli (65.20 and 69.78 % of inhibition) and B. cereus (91.75 and 92.61 % of inhibition), and antifungal activity against the fungus P. fijiensis of 7.56 and 14.21 % of inhibition, respectively. Study Limitations/Implications: The hydroethanolic extracts of in vitro and acclimatized D. muscipula did not show antifungal activity against A. niger and F. oxysporum. Findings/Conclusions: The hydroethanolic extracts of in vitro and acclimatized D. muscipula presented bacteriostatic activity against bacteria E. coli and B. cereus and antifungal activity against the fungus P. fijiensis

Assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic progression in Ecuador through seroprevalence analysis of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibodies in blood donors

IntroductionCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a severe respiratory illness caused by the RNA virus SARS-CoV-2. Globally, there have been over 759.4 million cases and 6.74 million deaths, while Ecuador has reported more than 1.06 million cases and 35.9 thousand deaths. To describe the COVID-19 pandemic impact and the vaccinations effectiveness in a low-income country like Ecuador, we aim to assess the seroprevalence of IgG and IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in a sample from healthy blood donors at the Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana.MethodsThe present seroprevalence study used a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies in months with the highest confirmed case rates (May 2020; January, April 2021; January, February, June, July 2022) and months with the highest vaccination rates (May, June, July, August, December 2021) in Quito, Ecuador. The IgG and IgM seroprevalence were also assessed based on sex, age range, blood type and RhD antigen type. The sample size was 8,159, and sampling was performed based on the availability of each blood type.ResultsThe results showed an overall IgG and IgM seroprevalence of 47.76% and 3.44%, respectively. There were no differences in IgG and IgM seroprevalences between blood groups and sex, whereas statistical differences were found based on months, age range groups, and RhD antigen type. For instance, the highest IgG seroprevalence was observed in February 2022 and within the 17-26 years age range group, while the highest IgM seroprevalence was in April 2021 and within the 47-56 years age range group. Lastly, only IgG seroprevalence was higher in RhD+ individuals while IgM seroprevalence was similar across RhD types.DiscussionThis project contributes to limited data on IgG and IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Ecuador. It suggests that herd immunity may have been achieved in the last evaluated months, and highlights a potential link between the RhD antigen type and COVID-19 susceptibility. These findings have implications for public health strategies and vaccine distribution not only in Ecuador but also in regions with similar characteristics

Ciudadanía ambiental : guía educación en ecoeficiencia

Educación en Ecoeficiencia contiene un conjunto de sugerencias que tiene por finalidad promover o fortalecer el desarrollo de acciones de educación ambiental en la educación básica, como aporte a una educación de calidad y al desarrollo sostenible nacional. La guía consta de tres capítulos. En el primero, se presenta el contexto socio-ambiental del país y las consideraciones de orden conceptual que se encuentran en la Guía para la Aplicación del Enfoque Ambiental en Instituciones Educativas y en la Guía de Ecoeficiencia para Instituciones del Sector Público. En el segundo capítulo, se presenta un conjunto de sugerencias que definen los pasos para implementar la educación en ecoeficiencia en instituciones de educación básica. Y en el tercer capítulo, se presenta un conjunto de sugerencias para desarrollar temas específicos de educación en ecoeficiencia

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

The Research Journey as a Challenge Towards New Trends

The academic community of the department of Risaralda, in its permanent interest in evidencing the results of the research processes that are carried out from the Higher Education Institutions and as a product of the VI meeting of researchers of the department of Risaralda held in November 2021 presents its work: “The journey of research as a challenge towards new trends”, which reflects the result of the latest research and advances in different lines of knowledge in Agricultural Sciences, Health Sciences, Social Sciences and Technology and Information Sciences, which seek to solve and meet the demands of the different sectors. This work would not have been possible without the help of each of the teachers, researchers and authors who presented their articles that make up each of the chapters of the book, to them our gratitude for their commitment, dedication and commitment, since their sole purpose is to contribute from the academy and science to scientific and technological development in the search for the solution of problems and thus contribute to transform the reality of our society and communities. We also wish to extend our gratitude to the institutions of the Network that made this publication possible: UTP, UCP, UNAD, UNIREMINGTON; UNISARC, CIAF, Universidad Libre, Uniclaretiana, Fundación Universitaria Comfamiliar and UNIMINUTO, institutions that in one way or another allowed this work to become a reality, which we hope will be of interest to you.Preface............................................................................................................................7 Chapter 1. Technologies and Engineering Towards a humanization in Engineering using soft skills in training in Engineers.............................................................................................................11 Omar Iván Trejos Buriticá1, Luis Eduardo Muñoz Guerrero Innovative materials in construction: review from a bibliometric analysis....................................................................................................................27 Cristian Osorio Gómez, Daniel Aristizábal Torres, Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Cristhian Camilo Amariles López Bibliometric review of disaster risk management: progress, trends, and challenges.........................................................................................................51 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Gloria Milena Molina Vinasco. Incidence of land coverage and geology, in the unstability of lands of the micro-basin of the Combia creek, Pereira, Risaralda....................................73 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Daniel Aristizábal Torres. Chapter 2. Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences Training experience with teachers teaching mathematics using the inquiry methodology ...............................................................................................95 Vivian Libeth Uzuriaga López, Héctor Gerardo Sánchez Bedoya. Interpretation of the multiple representations of the fears associated to the boarding of limited visual patients in the elective I students’ written productions and low vision ...................................................................................113 Eliana Bermúdez Cardona, Ana María Agudelo Guevara, Caterine Villamarín Acosta. The relevance of local knowledge in social sciences............................................131 Alberto Antonio Berón Ospina, Isabel Cristina Castillo Quintero. Basic education students’ conceptions of conflict a view from the peace for the education....................................................................................................143 Astrid Milena Calderón Cárdenas,Carolina Aguirre Arias, Carolina Franco Ossa, Martha Cecilia Gutiérrez Giraldo, Orfa Buitrago. Comprehensive risk prevention in educational settings: an interdisciplinary and socio-educational approach ............................................................................163 Olga María Henao Trujillo, Claudia María López Ortiz. Chapter 3. Natural and Agricultural Sciences Physicochemical characterization of three substrates used in the deep bedding system in swine .......................................................................................175 Juan Manuel Sánchez Rubio, Andrés Felipe Arias Roldan, Jesús Arturo Rincón Sanz, Jaime Andrés Betancourt Vásquez. Periodic solutions in AFM models........................................................................187 Daniel Cortés Zapata, Alexander Gutiérrez Gutiérrez. Phenology in flower and fruit of Rubus glaucus benth. Cv. Thornless in Risaralda: elements for phytosanitary management .........................................199 Shirley Palacios Castro, Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, James Montoya Lerma, Ricardo Flórez, Harry Josué Pérez. Socio-economic and technical characterization of the cultivation of avocado (Persea americana) in Risaralda..............................................................217 Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, Kelly Saudith Castañez Poveda, Eliana Gómez Correa. Biosecurity management in backyard systems in Santa Rosa de Cabal, Risaralda................................................................................................................227 Julia Victoria Arredondo Botero, Jaiver Estiben Ocampo Jaramillo, Juan Sebastián Mera Vallejo, Álvaro de Jesús Aranzazu Hernández. CONTENTS Physical-chemical diagnosis of soils in hillside areas with predominance of Lulo CV. La Selva production system in the department of Risaralda.............241 Adriana Patricia Restrepo Gallón, María Paula Landinez Montes, Jimena Tobón López. Digestibility of three concentrates used in canine feeding....................................271 María Fernanda Mejía Silva, Valentina Noreña Sánchez, Gastón Adolfo Castaño Jiménez. Chapter 4. Economic, Administrative, and Accounting Sciences Financial inclusion in households from socioeconomic strata 1 and 2 in the city of Pereira ..................................................................................................285 Lindy Neth Perea Mosquera, Marlen Isabel Redondo Ramírez, Angélica Viviana Morales. Internal marketing strategies as a competitive advantage for the company Mobilautos SAS de Dosquebradas........................................................................303 Inés Montoya Sánchez, Sandra Patricia Viana Bolaños, Ana María Barrera Rodríguez. Uses of tourist marketing in the tourist sector of the municipality of Belén de Umbría, Risaralda.............................................................................................319 Ana María Barrera Rodríguez, Paola Andrea Echeverri Gutiérrez, María Camila Parra Buitrago, Paola Andrea Martín Muñoz, Angy Paola Ángel Vélez, Luisa Natalia Trejos Ospina. Territorial prospective of Risaralda department (Colombia), based on the SDGS...............................................................................................................333 Juan Guillermo Gil García, Samanta Londoño Velásquez. Chapter 5. Health and Sports Sciences Performance evaluation in times of pandemic. What do medical students think?.......................................................................................................353 Samuel Eduardo Trujillo Henao, Rodolfo A. Cabrales Vega, Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez. The relevance of the therapist’s self and self-reference in the training of psychologists.....................................................................................................371 Maria Paula Marmolejo Lozano, Mireya Ospina Botero. Habits related to oral health which influence lifestyle of elder people in a wellness center for the elderly in Pereira 2020. .............................................387 Isadora Blanco Pérez, Olga Patricia Ramírez Rodríguez, Ángela María Rincón Hurtado. Analysis of the suicide trend in the Coffee Region in Colombia during the years 2012-2018 ..............................................................................................405 Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez, Jennifer Nessim Salazar, Jairo Franco Londoño, Juan Carlos Medina Osorio. Hind limb long bone fractures in canines and felines...........................................419 María Camila Cruz Vélez, Valentina Herrera Morales, Alba Nydia Restrepo Jiménez, Lina Marcela Palomino, Gabriel Rodolfo Izquierdo Bravo. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children in the rural and urban area of Risaralda....................................................................................................439 Angela María Álvarez López, Angela Liceth Pérez Rendón, Alejandro Gómez Rodas, Luis Enrique Isaza Velásquez. Chapter 6. Architecture, Design and Advertising The artisan crafts of Risaralda, characteristics, importance, and risks within the Colombian Coffee Cultural Landscape, CCCL....................................457 Yaffa Nahir Ivette Gómez Barrera, Javier Alfonso López Morales

Formando educadores en el sur de Colombia : Investigación educativa en licenciatura en educación infantil.

Este libro ofrece al lector reflexión continua de los retos de la universidad en la formación de licenciados para la transformación y emancipación de Colombia hacia la construcción de paz, revela las realidades socio críticas del XXI en los programas académicos de licenciados y visualiza las niñeces como sujetos políticos y sociales, logrando un despliegue significativo de metodologías pertinentes para la formación de maestros en Colombia y Latinoamérica

Formando educadores en el sur de Colombia : Investigación educativa en licenciatura en educación infantil.

Este libro ofrece al lector reflexión continua de los retos de la universidad en la formación de licenciados para la transformación y emancipación de Colombia hacia la construcción de paz, revela las realidades socio críticas del XXI en los programas académicos de licenciados y visualiza las niñeces como sujetos políticos y sociales, logrando un despliegue significativo de metodologías pertinentes para la formación de maestros en Colombia y Latinoamérica