A mobile Magnetic Sensor Unit for the KATRIN Main Spectrometer

The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino experiment (KATRIN) aims to measure the electron neutrino mass with an unprecedented sensitivity of 0.2 eV/c2, using b decay electrons from tritium decay. For the control of magnetic field in the main spectrometer area of the KATRIN experiment a mobile magnetic sensor unit is constructed and tested at the KATRIN main spectrometer site. The unit moves on inner rails of the support structures of the low field shaping coils which are arranged along the the main spectrometer. The unit propagates on a caterpillar drive and contains an electro motor, battery pack, board electronics, 2 triaxial flux gate sensors and 2 inclination senors. During operation all relevant data are stored on board and transmitted to the master station after the docking station is reached.Comment: 11 pages, 14 figure

Privacy Concerns about UAS Missions: A Regression Analysis

Background and Objectives: Unmanned aerial systems (UAS), also known casually as drones, have changed the ways in which many industries conduct business. One prevalent example would be their use by police organizations (local patrols, SWAT, and etc.) to revolutionize their surveillance capabilities. Many major city police commissioners have stated their interests in welcoming the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Past studies have analyzed citizen’s emotions in regard to privacy concerns focusing on the amount of time the drones spent patrolling--either twenty-four hours a day or in mission only conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine what variables predict privacy concerns. In other words, do political affiliations, location, or gender affect a participant’s emotions toward their privacy? Methods: Two hundred participants were surveyed through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk). They were presented with hypothetical scenarios involving police issued UAV patrols occurring near their residence. Following the scenario, they were asked to rate statements from a validated UAV privacy scale and then complete a set of demographic questions that served as potential predictors.ResultsA linear regression analysis revealed two significant predictors. First, females were more likely to express privacy concerns during the UAS missions compared to their male counterparts (B = .31). Second, people who rated themselves are more conservative also expressed more privacy concerns compared to people who rated themselves as more liberal (B = .30). ConclusionWhen conducting UAS missions in public or near housing residences, it is important to take note of the privacy concerns raised by residents and other citizens in the area.These findings reveal that females and conservative-leaning people tend to have more privacy concerns about UAS missions than male, liberal-leaning people. Keywords: Unmanned aerial systems/vehicles, Mechanical Turk, privacy scale, drones, moderatio

The SEALS Yardsticks for Ontology Management

This paper describes the rst SEALS evaluation campaign over ontology engineering tools (i.e., the SEALS Yardsticks for Ontology Management). It presents the dierent evaluation scenarios dened to evaluate the conformance, interoperability and scalability of these tools, and the test data used in these scenarios

Testis-Sparing Surgery for Benign Pathologies in Children: A Report of Two Cases

Abstract Aim: The aim of this report is to describe two cases of testis-sparing surgery and to discuss the feasibility, safety and outcome of this treatment modality. Patients and Methods: We here present the cases of two boys, a 12-year-old and a 7-year-old, exhibiting a Large-Cell Calcifying Sertoli Cell Tumor (LCCSCT) and a Leydig Cell Tumor (LCT) respectively. All operations were performed through an inguinal approach by cold ischemia and with organ-sparing surgery. Results: Neither of the patients exhibited intraoperative or postoperative complications. After a mean follow-up of 25 months (range 16–34) the patients were free of disease. Conclusion: Testis-sparing surgery by cold ischemia and frozen-section examination is advisable for pediatric patients with benign testicular masses

Avalanches in a Bose-Einstein condensate

Collisional avalanches are identified to be responsible for an 8-fold increase of the initial loss rate of a large 87-Rb condensate. We show that the collisional opacity of an ultra-cold gas exhibits a critical value. When exceeded, losses due to inelastic collisions are substantially enhanced. Under these circumstances, reaching the hydrodynamic regime in conventional BEC experiments is highly questionable.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl

The history of the pediatric inguinal hernia repair

The history of inguinal hernia repair is a rich one. For centuries, hernia healers, doctors, anatomists, surgeons and quacks have been devoted to this pathology that has afflicted mankind throughout its evolution. The development of surgical correction mainly focused on adult pathology, with treatments that often involved the loss of the testis. Hernia management in children, however, also dates from antiquity. Described as a swelling on the surface of the belly in ancient papyri, it was treated with tight bandages by the early physicians of Alexandria. For centuries, conservative treatment had been used for the child using primordial trussess, many prayers, and often pagan rituals as the arboreal passage of children described by Marcello of Bordeaux, doctor of the Emperor Theodosius I (347-395 AD), reserving medical intervention only for cases of strangulation in which only reduction was attempted. The middle ages were characterized by an increase in cultural and scientific exchange, during which the first comprehensive surgical textbooks and atlases were written. Different approaches to the inguinal hernia were not taught and passed down through generations of surgeons. The modern era brought a better understanding of the inguinal anatomy, which led to surgical techniques associated with less post-operative complications. Today, the pediatric inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common pediatric operations performed. It is considered a safe procedure with very low complication rate

The Effect of State Level COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders on Death Rates

This paper attempts to examine a correlation between lockdown length and COVID-19 case rate, death rate and fatality rate. In March of 2020, the publishing of alarmist epidemiological models prompted government officials to enact sweeping emergency measures (Miltimore 2020). Notably, the Imperial College London model published by epidemiologist Neil Ferguson predicted a “best-case scenario” of 1.1 million COVID-19 deaths in the U.S. by August 2020. This model heightened concern that the hospital system would be overwhelmed, a reason cited by President Trump’s Coronavirus Task Force members, Dr. Birx and Dr. Fauci, as justification for the “15 Days to Flatten the Curve” shutdown (Magness 2020). The question of where to place blame, or praise, for the handling of the COVID-19 response, like the spread of the virus, is ongoing. United States politicians almost immediately began pointing the finger at “the other side” from the first days of public awareness of the novel virus. The federal government, and specifically former President Trump have come under fire for their approach to handling the emergency response to the virus’s spread and the economic fallout that followed (Yoo 2020)

Orbital angular momentum exchange in an optical parametric oscillator

We present a study of orbital angular momentum transfer from pump to down-converted beams in a type-II Optical Parametric Oscillator. Cavity and anisotropy effects are investigated and demostrated to play a central role in the transverse mode dynamics. While the idler beam can oscillate in a Laguerre-Gauss mode, the crystal birefringence induces an astigmatic effect in the signal beam that prevents the resonance of such mode.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, regular articl

Direct electrochemical reduction of indigo: process optimization and scale-up in a flow cell

Reducing agents required in the dyeing process for vat and sulfur dyes cannot be recycled, and lead to problematic waste products. Therefore, modern economical and ecological requirements are not fulfilled. The industrial feasibility of the direct electrochemical reduction of indigo as a novel method has been determined and a preliminary optimization of electrolytic conditions was performed using a laboratory-scale flow-cell system. The role of current density, pH, temperature and the rate of mass transport are discussed. The influence of particle size reduction by the application of ultrasound is critically considere