Los metales en los efluentes líquidos industriales

En este trabajo se describen las distintas tecnologías para eliminar los metales pesados en los efluentes líquidos procedentes de la industrias, entre dichas técnicas se describen las más utilizadas como son la precipitación química, el intercambio iónico, adsorción, separación por membranas y oxidación-reducción. Por otro lado se describen los métodos de toma de muestra y análisis de dichos metales, así como la legislación relativa a la contaminación de efluentes por dichos metales. Por último se describen algunas industrias productoras de vertidos contaminados con metales como la industria de curtidos y pieles, la industria planta galvánica de plomo y la industria de extracción de refino y petróleo, y se explican las tecnologias aplicadas en su depuración

Religious self-definition, mass attendance, importance of God, and hopelessness among spanish undergraduates.

The aim of this work was to examine the relationship between religious self-definition, attending Mass, the importance of God, and hopelessness under the hy-pothesis that these religious variables and hopelessness are negatively related. The par-ticipants were 273 Spanish undergraduates who were incidentally recruited. and who completed three religious items and the Spanish version of a Hopelessness Scale. The Chi-squared test and Bonferroni test were used in the statistical analysis. The results indicate that there were no statistically significant differences between the religious self-definition and attending Mass groups in relation to hopelessness, whereas there were differences between groups in the variable importance of God; this is not consis-tent with the findings of previous studies. We discuss the limitations of the study, offer suggestions for future research, and indicate the need to distinguish between the diverse aspects of religiosity to better explain their implications regarding hopelessness.El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la relación entre la autodefinición religiosa, la asistencia a Misa, la importancia de Dios y la desesperanza. La hipótesis afirma que las variables religiosas y la desesperanza están negativamente relacionadas. Participan 273 estudiantes universitarios españoles reclutados incidentalmente, los cuales cumplimentan tres ítems religiosos y una versión española de la Escala de Desesperanza. Se utilizan los estadísticos Chi-Cuadrado y Bonferroni. Los resultados indican que los distintos grupos de autodefinición religiosa y de asistencia a Misa no se relacionan con diferencias significativas en desesperanza, mientras que en la variable importancia de Dios sí existen diferencias entre grupos, diferencias que no se ajustan a lo hallado en estudios anteriores. Se observan las limitaciones del estudio, se ofrecen sugerencias para futuras investigaciones y la necesidad de distinguir entre los distintos aspectos de la religiosidad, con el fin de precisar mejor sus implicaciones sobre la desesperanza.Psicologí

Oral health status of a population with multiple sclerosis

Objective: To determine the oral treatment needs of a sample of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in the Community of Madrid (Spain). Patients and methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out with a sample of 64 patients who were aged 25 to 77 years. They were distributed into homogeneous age groups: 54 years. In order to evaluate the oral health status and treatment requirements, the parameters and guidelines of the WHO were used. Results: The prevalence of caries was 100%, or very close in all three groups. As age increased, the morbidity rate decreased, but the mortality rate increased considerably. On analyzing gingival health, 65% of patients had calculus, 5% bleeding and 30% were healthy. Conclusions: The DMFT index found provided data that was, in general, very similar to that of the general population in Spain. However, the gingival health status found demonstrated that the population of multiple sclerosis patients requires specific assistance. © Medicina Oral S. L

Diseño de una E.D.A.R. para industria bodeguera y de zumos

Las aguas residuales generadas por la industria bodeguera y de zumos, situada en la provincia de Ciudad Real, contienen altas cargas orgánicas, por tanto tienen elevados niveles de Demanda Biológica de Oxígeno (DBO) y de Demanda Química de Oxígeno (DQO), que superan los parámetros establecidos por la legislación para verter a cauce público. El objetivo principal de este proyecto es cuantificar y definir las características del vertido final y una vez que se hayan comparado los valores obtenidos con los correspondientes a los marcados por la legislación vigente para su vertido a cauce público, se realizará la elección y el dimensionamiento de la Estación Depuradora necesaria para adecuar los parámetros del vertido de la empresa a los exigidos por la normativa vigente. Se diseña una estación depuradora de aguas residuales con un pretratamiento y tratamiento biológico anaerobio y aerobio mediante sistema UASB y MBR respectivamente. En el proyecto se describe la industria a estudiar que vierten a cauce público, el proceso de producción del vino y del zumo, los vertidos producidos en la empresa, el tratamiento de depuración propuesto así como los diferentes tipos de tratamientos, y además, se explican los cálculos realizados para el dimensionamiento de la E.D.A.R

Daily news podcasts success and their impact on digital media

Los podcasts de noticias están acaparando el interés de las empresas periodísticas a medida que crece su consumo, que se espera mayor, a medida que se generalice la implantación de los altavoces inteligentes. Estas nuevas modalidades de acceso a los contenidos informativos abren nuevas oportunidades narrativas para contar las noticias a través del audio y pueden ayudar a consolidar el prestigio informativo de las grandes marcas periodísticas en el entorno digital. Este trabajo es una primera aproximación teórica al fenómeno de los denominados daily news podcasts o podcast de noticias, su definición, sus características y sus peculiaridades narrativas. A partir de la revisión bibliográfica de este formato novedoso y del análisis de contenido de tres casos —The Daily (The New York Times), Today in Focus (The Guardian) y Las noticias de ABC (Vocento)— se concluirá que el éxito de los podcasts de noticias permitirá a los medios de comunicación digital llegar a nuevas audiencias, crear comunidades de marca a partir del audio, explorar nuevas narrativas y abrir nuevas oportunidades de negocioDaily news podcasts are awakening the interest of news media companies as long as their consumption grows up, an increase expected bigger inasmuch as the smart speakers are worldwide implanted. New ways of access to the news contents offer new narrative opportunities to present the news through audio and can help consolidate the reputation of the big news media brands within the digital environment. This paper is an initial theoretical approach to the phenomenon of the daily news podcast, its definition, characteristics and narrative peculiarities. Starting from the bibliographic review and the content analysis of three cases —The Daily (The New York Times), Today in Focus (The Guardian) and Las noticias de ABC (Vocento) — it will be concluded that the current success of daily podcasts will allow digital news media reach new audiences, create branded communities around audio, explore new narratives and open new business opportunitie

Modeling Splicing Variants Amenable to Antisense Therapy by Use of CRISPR-Cas9-Based Gene Editing in HepG2 Cells

The field of splice modulating RNA therapy has gained new momentum with FDA approved antisense-based drugs for several rare diseases. In vitro splicing assays with minigenes or patient-derived cells are commonly employed for initial preclinical testing of antisense oligonucleotides aiming to modulate splicing. However, minigenes do not include the full genomic context of the exons under study and patients' samples are not always available, especially if the gene is expressed solely in certain tissues (e.g. liver or brain). This is the case for specific inherited metabolic diseases such as phenylketonuria (PKU) caused by mutations in the liver-expressed PAH gene.Herein we describe the generation of mutation-specific hepatic cellular models of PKU using CRISPR/Cas9 system, which is a versatile and easy-to-use gene editing tool. We describe in detail the selection of the appropriate cell line, guidelines for design of RNA guides and donor templates, transfection procedures and growth and selection of single-cell colonies with the desired variant , which should result in the accurate recapitulation of the splicing defectThis book is based upon work from COST Action DARTER (CA 17103), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology)

Análisis de los factores que determinan la imagen de España como destino turístico en los países lejanos culturalmente

Hoy en día el turismo se está convirtiendo en un sector estratégico en todas las economías del mundo. En este escenario, la imagen del destino turístico juega un papel crucial, sobre todo si dirigimos los esfuerzos a atraer turistas de países lejanos culturalmente. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar y validar empíricamente un modelo que incluya los principales factores que influyen en la imagen del destino y en su proceso de formación. Tras una revisión de la literatura, se analizará la relación entre dichos factores. Estos incluyen la familiaridad, la imagen corporativa y las motivaciones de viaje de los potenciales turistas. Las relaciones planteadas en el modelo teórico se estiman a través de modelos de Ecuaciones Estructurales, y en concreto la técnica de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS), siendo el paquete estadístico empleado el Advances Analysis for Composites (ADANCO).Nowadays the tourism is turning into a strategic sector in all the economies of the world. In this scene, the image of the tourist destination plays a crucial role, especially if we direct the efforts to attract tourists of distant culture countries. The aim of this paper is to develop and empirically validate a model which explains the main factors that influence the image of a tourist destination and its process of formation. Based on a literature review, this will involve analysing the relationship between the different influential factors of the perceived image. These include the familiarity, the corporate image and the motivation of potential tourists. The study employs the variance-based SEM technique and the PLS method of estimation to test the proposed research model, using the statistical software package Advances Analysis for Composites (ADANCO)

Permeable reactive barriers for the remediation of groundwater in a mining area: results for a pilot-scale project

The Sierra Minera of Cartagena-La Union is located in the Region of Murcia, Southeast of Spain. This zone presents high levels of heavy metals due to natural, geogenic reasons. In addition, the prolonged mining activity, and subsequent abandonment of farms, has had consequences on the environment, including severe affectation of the groundwater in the area. To remediate this situation, the Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) technology was assayed, which required in addition to the hydro-geological study of the zone, a careful optimization study for the design and construction of PRBs. For such a purpose a pilot-scale project was developed, and this communication reports some of the most relevant findings obtained after a four-years monitorization period. The selected reactive material for the PRBs was limestone filler. The filler is a waste material produced in many factories in the zone. These residues have good adsorption properties, high alkalinity, low cost and high availability, which make them suitable for use in remediation. The PRB was constituted by a 50% limestone filler and 50% sand, a proportion optimized by means of independent batch experiments. A layer of gravel was placed at the top, and on it a layer of natural soil. The barrier was designed in the form of a continuous trench, because the level of the contaminated groundwater was not very deep. In this way, the barrier could be prepared with standard excavation equipment. Parallel to the barrier, 6 wells where arranged downstream for sample collection. The pH and conductivity of the samples was measured directly in situ, and the content of Zn, Cd, Cu, Fe, and Pb were analyzed in the laboratory. All the samples collected after the PRB was constructed had basic pH values between 7.5 and 8. The conductivity was between 5 and 11 mS / cm except for the well 4, which had a value of 3.70 mS / cm. The concentration values of trace elements were below the detection limit (atomic absorption measurement) in most of cases, or showed values below normal levels of the area. Our results prove that limestone filler is suitable as the active component of PRBs barriers for sites polluted by trace elements. Following this relatively simple technology, there is no risk for human health or ecosystem, and a big cost-saving can be obtained in projects focused to the remediation of areas affected by mining activities

Solution for Capturing Data from Wearable Devices

Cursos e Congresos , C-155[Abstract] Thanks to the rise of wearable devices, people have more direct access to a variety of health data, such as physical activity, sleep and heart rate. For the research field, these devices represent a powerful tool for monitoring and evaluating different parameters. However, the procedure of capturing data for storage in an independent and self-managed database is not standardised. In this project we analysed two methods of data capture for the Xiaomi Mi Bands. One uses the official application together with Google Fit and the other uses the open source application GadgetBridge. The advantages and disadvantages of each system were studied, concluding that both could be very beneficial as data capture solutions for wearable devices in research, although with different target projects due to their particularities. Future work will explore these systems in more depth, addressing limitations, automation and optimising for specific research needsXunta de Galicia; ED431B 2022/39CITIC is financed by the Xunta de Galicia through the collaboration agreement between the Consellería de Cultura, Educaci´on, Formación Profesional e Universidades and the Galician universities for the reinforcement of the research centres of the GalicianUniversity System (CIGUS). The research carried out by TALIONIS group is financed by the Xunta de Galicia (Aid from the Consellería de Cultura, Educación, Formación Profesional e Universidades for the consolidation and structuring of competitive research units) ED431B 2022/39. The publication is part of the project TED2021-130127A-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union ”NextGenerationEU”/PRT

Hypothalamic Actions of SIRT1 and SIRT6 on Energy Balance

Sirtuins are NAD+ dependent deacetylases that regulate a large number of physiological processes. These enzymes are highly conserved and act as energy sensors to coordinate different metabolic responses in a controlled manner. At present, seven mammalian sirtuins (SIRT 1-7) have been identified, with SIRT1 and SIRT6 shown to exert their metabolic actions in the hypothalamus, both with crucial roles in eliciting responses to dampen metabolic complications associated with obesity. Therefore, our aim is to compile the current understanding on the role of SIRT1 and SIRT6 in the hypothalamus, especially highlighting their actions on the control of energy balanceThis work is supported by grants of Xunta de Galicia (MQ:2018-PG013). Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn). CIBERobn is an initiative of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) of Spain which is supported by FEDER funds. Western Norway Regional Health Authority (Helse Vest RHF).M.Q. is a recipient of a Postdoctoral contract from Galician Government (Xunta de Galicia ED481B2018/004). O.A.M. was funded by a research contract Miguel Servet (CP20/00146) from the ISCIIIS