Hybrid lesion formed by a complex odontoma and dentigerous cyst: radiographic and histomorphological findings. A case report.

Hybrid lesions of the oral cavity are infrequent and share characteristics with a number of other pathologies. Both odontomas and dentigerous cysts are of odontogenic origin, but their simultaneous occurrence is rare and scarce. Clinical and radiographic examinations are not conclusive, making their identification difficult, while histopathological studies can reveal their defining characteristics. The aim of this report was to describe the radiographic and histomorphological findings of a hybrid lesion formed by a complex odontoma and a dentigerous cyst, affecting the mandible of a 22-year-old man, from Cartagena, Colombia, who had no relevant medical history, and no symptoms or discomfort in the affected area

Manifestações bucais da imunodeficiência: revisão integrativa da literatura

Introduction: immunodeficiency is the functional alteration of the immune system, which is caused by congenital and / or secondary factors. This dysfunction usually generates not only systemic manifestations, but also at the level of the oral cavity and the perioral area. Objective: to identify and explain the oral manifestations of immunodeficiency according to the literature. Methodology: an integrative literature review was carried out, the documents were identified by searching high impact databases; original research, clinical cases, literary reviews and books are selected. No language or publication time restrictions were applied. Results: Among the most reported oral manifestations are oral thrush, ulcerative lesions, condylomata acuminata, hairy leukoplakia and necrotizing periodontal diseases. Conclusions: because immunodeficient subjects are more susceptible to suffering from various conditions that could be life-threatening; early identification of oral manifestations is considered essential to facilitate the systemic diagnosis of the immune condition in addition to allowing concomitant treatment of stomatological and systematic manifestations.Introducción: la inmunodeficiencia es la alteración funcional del sistema inmunológico, la cual es causada por factores congénitos o secundarios. Esta disfunción suele generar no solo manifestaciones sistémicas, sino también a nivel de cavidad bucal y zona peribucal. Objetivo: identificar y explicar las manifestaciones bucales de la inmunodeficiencia según la literatura. Metodología: se realizó una revisión integrativa de la literatura, los documentos fueron identificados mediante la búsqueda en bases de datos de alto impacto; se seleccionan investigaciones originales, casos clínicos, revisiones literarias y libros. No se aplicaron restricciones en el idioma ni en el tiempo de publicación. Resultados: Entre las manifestaciones bucales más reportadas se encuentran, la candidiasis bucal, lesiones ulcerativas, Condiloma acuminado, leucoplasia vellosa y enfermedades periodontales necrosantes. Conclusiones: debido a que los sujetos inmunodeficientes tienen mayor susceptibilidad de padecer diversas afecciones que podrían poner en riesgo su vida; se considera fundamental la identificación temprana de las manifestaciones bucales que permitan facilitar el diagnóstico sistémico de la afección inmune además de permitir un tratamiento concomitante de la manifestación estomatológicas y sistémicas.Introdução: a imunodeficiência é a alteração funcional do sistema imunológico, causada por fatores congênitos e / ou secundários. Essa disfunção geralmente gera não apenas manifestações sistêmicas, mas também ao nível da cavidade oral e da área perioral. Objetivo: identificar e explicar as manifestações orais da imunodeficiência de acordo com a literatura. Metodologia: foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura; os documentos foram identificados por meio de pesquisa em bancos de dados de alto impacto; pesquisa original, casos clínicos, resenhas literárias e livros são selecionados. Não foram aplicadas restrições de idioma ou tempo de publicação. Resultados: Entre as manifestações orais mais relatadas estão candidíase oral, lesões ulcerativas, condiloma acuminado, leucoplasia cabeluda e doenças periodontais necrosantes. Conclusões: porque indivíduos imunodeficientes são mais suscetíveis a sofrer de várias condições que podem ser fatais; a identificação precoce de manifestações orais é considerada essencial para facilitar o diagnóstico sistêmico da condição imunológica, além de permitir o tratamento concomitante de manifestações estomatológicas e sistemáticas

Tracción de canino maxilar con la técnica quirúrgica incisión vertical y túnel de acceso subperióstico

The canine teeth present a high frequency of inclusion, occupying the second place after the third molars, its permanence in the dental arcade is important for the various functions that it fulfills in the oral cavity, allowing tearing of foods by chewing, guiding dental occlusion, are responsible for centralizing and deprogram the occlusion during lateral movements, support the upper lip, mark the limit of the anterior sector, standing out in the smile, the technique vertical incision and subperiosteal tunnel access (VISTA) Allows the traction of teeth impacted by vestibular, it is not very traumatic for the soft tissues, it diminishes the periodontal problems and it avoids the root resorption of the adjacent teeth. The objective is to report a clinical case in which the sequence of the ortho-surgical approach is specified by applying the VISTA technique to a patient with the included tooth 13, showing good results, describing the surgical technique and orthodontic management.Los dientes caninos presentan una alta frecuencia de inclusión, ocupando el segundo lugar después de  los terceros molares, su permanencia en la arcada dental es importante  por las diversas funciones que cumple en la cavidad bucal,  permitiendo desgarrar los alimentos al masticar, guían la oclusión dental, son los encargados de centralizar y desprogramar la oclusión durante los movimientos de lateralidad, dan soporte al labio superior, marcan el límite del sector anterior, destacándose en la sonrisa. La técnica de incisión vertical y túnel de acceso subperióstico (VISTA), permite la tracción de dientes impactados por vestibular, es poco traumática para los tejidos blandos, disminuye los problemas periodontales y evita la reabsorción radicular de los dientes adyacentes. El objetivo es reportar caso clínico en el que se especifica la secuencia del abordaje ortoquirúrgico aplicando la técnica VISTA en un paciente con el diente 13 incluido, mostrando buenos resultados, se describen la técnica quirúrgica y manejo ortodóntico

Enfoque quirúrgico de canino incluido en el paladar: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura

Resumen La inclusión dental hace referencia a la anomalía en la cual el diente pierde la fuerza de erupción y se encuentra sumergido en el maxilar con o sin patología asociada. El diente que más frecuentemente queda retenido después de los terceros molares mandibulares es el canino maxilar con una prevalencia que oscila entre el 1- 2.2 % dependiendo de la población evaluada. El diagnóstico de un canino incluido en el maxilar se realiza mediante evaluación clínica que incluye la inspección y palpación además del examen radiográfico periapical y panorámico. Varias opciones de tratamiento se pueden aconsejar al paciente desde el tratamiento interceptivo, la remoción quirúrgica del canino retenido, la exposición quirúrgica y tracción ortodóntica, el trasplante hasta el tratamiento no activo y observación, valorando las características individuales tanto del paciente como de la situación e inclinación del diente. A continuación se realiza una revisión bibliográfica seguida del reporte de caso clínico de un canino retenido en paladar en un paciente masculino de 27 años de edad donde esta indicada la extracción quirúrgica. (Duazary 2009 I; 56-61) Abstract Dental inclusion is when the tooth has lost the forcing eruption and is submerge in the maxilla with or any pathology. Maxillary canine are the most frecuently impacted teeth after the third molar with a prevalence ranging from 1 to 2•2% depending on the population examined. The diagnosis of an impacted maxillary canine is based through clinical evaluation that includes inspection, palpation and radiographic examination that involve taking periapical and orthopantomograph radiographs. Patient counseling on the various treatment options, from the interceptive treatment, the surgical remove of the ectopic canine, the surgical exposure and orthodontic alignment, the transplantation until the no active treatment and observation. We carried out a bibliographical revision followed by a case report of an impacted maxillary canine in which extraction was indicated. Key Words: Impacted canine; surgical exposure; unerupted teeth; surgical treatment

Somatostatin and the 'Small-For-Size' Liver

"Small-for-size" livers arising in the context of liver resection and transplantation are vulnerable to the effects of increased portal flow in the immediate postoperative period. Increased portal flow is an essential stimulus for liver regeneration. If the rise in flow and stimulus for regeneration are excessive; however, liver failure and patient death may result. Somatostatin is an endogenous peptide hormone that may be administered exogenously to not only reduce portal blood flow but also offer direct protection to different cells in the liver. In this review article, we describe key changes that transpire in the liver following a relative size reduction occurring in the context of resection and transplantation and the largely beneficial effects that peri-operative somatostatin therapy may help achieve in this setting

Proteomic-based stratification of intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients

Gleason grading is an important prognostic indicator for prostate adenocarcinoma and is crucial for patient treatment decisions. However, intermediate-risk patients diagnosed in the Gleason grade group (GG) 2 and GG3 can harbour either aggressive or non-aggressive disease, resulting in under- or overtreatment of a significant number of patients. Here, we performed proteomic, differential expression, machine learning, and survival analyses for 1,348 matched tumour and benign sample runs from 278 patients. Three proteins (F5, TMEM126B, and EARS2) were identified as candidate biomarkers in patients with biochemical recurrence. Multivariate Cox regression yielded 18 proteins, from which a risk score was constructed to dichotomize prostate cancer patients into low- and high-risk groups. This 18-protein signature is prognostic for the risk of biochemical recurrence and completely independent of the intermediate GG. Our results suggest that markers generated by computational proteomic profiling have the potential for clinical applications including integration into prostate cancer management

Theory and phenomenology of two-Higgs-doublet models

We discuss theoretical and phenomenological aspects of two-Higgs-doublet extensions of the Standard Model. In general, these extensions have scalar mediated flavour changing neutral currents which are strongly constrained by experiment. Various strategies are discussed to control these flavour changing scalar currents and their phenomenological consequences are analysed. In particular, scenarios with natural flavour conservation are investigated, including the so-called type I and type II models as well as lepton-specific and inert models. Type III models are then discussed, where scalar flavour changing neutral currents are present at tree level, but are suppressed by either specific ansatze for the Yukawa couplings or by the introduction of family symmetries. We also consider the phenomenology of charged scalars in these models. Next we turn to the role of symmetries in the scalar sector. We discuss the six symmetry-constrained scalar potentials and their extension into the fermion sector. The vacuum structure of the scalar potential is analysed, including a study of the vacuum stability conditions on the potential and its renormalization-group improvement. The stability of the tree level minimum of the scalar potential in connection with electric charge conservation and its behaviour under CP is analysed. The question of CP violation is addressed in detail, including the cases of explicit CP violation and spontaneous CP violation. We present a detailed study of weak basis invariants which are odd under CP. A careful study of spontaneous CP violation is presented, including an analysis of the conditions which have to be satisfied in order for a vacuum to violate CP. We present minimal models of CP violation where the vacuum phase is sufficient to generate a complex CKM matrix, which is at present a requirement for any realistic model of spontaneous CP violation.Comment: v3: 180 pages, 506 references, new chapter 7 with recent LHC results; referee comments taken into account; submitted to Physics Report