Comparative analysis of intercultural education from the perspective of management teams. The case of Spain and France

The right to education for all people has been recognised worldwide for decades. Because of this, educational organisations and management teams, through pedagogical leadership, must work towards the construction of inclusive and intercultural schools that generate a plural, collaborative, and democratic space. Therefore, this research aims to analyse the importance of the role of management teams in the promotion of intercultural education in schools in Spain and France. To achieve the stated objective, a documentary analysis of the educational legislation of reference and international reports was carried out. The following indicators were compared: leadership of the management team, collaborative culture, self-efficacy, innovation, and educational practices related to cultural diversity. High rates of innovation and internal collaborative culture are evident in both countries. However, the data show that the management teams do not promote relations with the environment. Therefore, there is a need for better and continuous training of management and teaching staff in the promotion of equity and cultural diversity. In addition, the lack of training in pedagogical leadership within the French management team is highlighted. Following the results obtained, the transformation of schools requires enabling the creation of a collaborative culture that involves the educational community and the environment. To this end, it is necessary to provide initial and continuous training for the management team and teachers in intercultural competencies

The Flipped Classroom and the Development of Competences: A Teaching Innovation Experience in Higher Education

Because of the changes in society, the educational scope must implement teaching-learning methodologies that help students to develop the competences that will be necessary in their academic-professional journey. This study presents a teaching innovation experience that is based on the flipped classroom methodology, which was carried out with 136 students (academic year: 2019-2020) in the subject of "Theory and History of Physical Education, Physical Activity and Sport" of the degree of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences of the University of Seville. The methodology of the study combines qualitative and quantitative approaches (mixed methods) through a pre-experimental design. The results show that there were significant differences in the acquisition of knowledge after the application of the methodology, which had a significant impact on the students' competence levels. Moreover, the students presented high levels of satisfaction in different areas. This allows for the conclusion that it is important for this methodology to continue in later courses, given its contribution to the competences that are related to the formal aspects and that are linked to research and organisation. Recommendations for practice are presented at the end of this article

Índice de perfusión en una reanimación con riesgo biológico, como medida de mala tolerancia fisiológica

Introduction: Perform a cardiopulmonary resuscitation requires technical knowledge and minimal physical conditions. Perform this resuscitation a team of individual protection against biological risks level D placed increases the overexertion that encourage rescuers are subjected.The objective of this study is to prove the existence of a pattern of poor physiological tolerance to the use of personal protective equipment level D, category 4-5-6B for action in incidents with biological risk objectified by measuring the perfusion index before and after a simulated resuscitation.Material and methods: We have performed a quasiexperimental not controlled on 96 volunteers chosen through a random sampling, stratified by sex, level of education and professional category, medical and nursing students and professionals doctors and nurses.A decision of the perfusion index before performing the resuscitation and other simulated after resuscitation.Results: A 15% of the volunteers presented a perfusion index lower back to baseline, which translates into a situation of peripheral vasoconstriction after the completion of the physical exercise that involved the clinical case, when expected was a vasodilatation to Increase perfusion.Conclussion: Extrapolating these data, we can conclude that, in the sample for the study, the volunteers who have less perfusion index at the end of that at the beginning do not tolerate well the effort involved in the case.Introducción: Realizar de una forma adecuada una reanimación cardiopulmonar precisa unos conocimientos técnicos y unas mínimas condiciones físicas. Realizar esta reanimación un equipo de protección individual frente a riesgos biológicos nivel D colocado aumenta el sobresfuerzo al que se ven sometidos los reanimadores.El objetivo de este estudio es comprobar la existencia de un patrón de mala tolerancia fisiológica al uso de los equipos de protección nivel D, categoría 4-5-6B para la actuación en incidentes con riesgo biológico objetivado mediante la medición del índice de perfusión antes y después de una reanimación simulada.Material y métodos: Se ha realizado un estudio cuasiexperimental no controlado sobre 96 voluntarios elegidos mediante un muestreo aleatorio estratificado por sexo, nivel de formación y categoría profesional, estudiantes de Medicina y Enfermería y profesionales Médicos y Enfermeros. Se realizó una toma del índice de perfusión antes de realizar la reanimación y otra después de la reanimación simulada.Resultados: Un 15% de los voluntarios presentaron un índice de perfusión posterior más bajo al basal, lo que se traduce en una situación de vasoconstricción periférica después de la realización del ejercicio físico que supuso el caso clínico, cuando lo esperable era una vasodilatación para aumentar la perfusión.Conclusiones: Extrapolando estos datos, podemos concluir que, en la muestra de estudio que nos ocupa, los voluntarios que presentan menos índice de perfusión al finalizar que al comenzar no toleran bien el esfuerzo que supone el caso clínico. &nbsp

Incidence of Digenea larvae in Heleobia parchappii (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Cochliopidae)

We scored the presence of Digenea larvae in the gonadal follicles and digestive glands of males and females of a Heleobia parchappii (d’Orbigny, 1835) (Mollusca, Cochliopidae) population living in an artificial lake located adjacent to an anthropically impacted area, region of Tigre in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina; making seven samplings from May 2005 through May 2006. In the laboratory, we separated subsamples for both histology and parasite-emergence assessment. The former examined the gonadal-development stages in relation to larval presence along with the effect of the larvae on the gonadal tissue and calculated parasite prevalence per age and size. Larval prevalence increased with host length and was greater in post-reproductive-stage individuals, with those >7.5 mm long reaching 100% parasitization. That stage became maximal in August, while juveniles predominated in December and January. The females were predominant almost throughout the year, but were parasitized at the same frequency as the males (p=0.38). This year-round H. parchappii parasitization indicates that Digenea can complete their life cycle in an anthropically impacted environment, thus affecting the autochthonous fauna, pets, and even humans. Mollusk parasitization by Digenea larvae is used to evaluate anthropic environmental pressure as an indicator of pollution by wastes, chemicals, or other refuse resulting from the human presence. The study site exemplifies the recent spate of urban construction projects characterized by housing developments around modified water bodies. Keywords. Cochliopidae, digenea larvae, histology, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaArtículo enviado a "Molluscan Research" a la espera de aprobación para su publicación

Dietary Exposure to Toxic Metals (Cd, Pb and Hg) from Cereals Marketed in Madeira and the Azores

ABSTRACT: Cereals and cereal-based foods continue to be basic foods in all diets. Despite being known for their high nutritional value; they can also contain contaminants (hazards) such as toxic metals. This study assesses the Cd, Pb and Hg dietary exposure from cereals and derivatives marketed in Madeira and the Azores and characterizes the risks by evaluating the Cd and Hg intake contributions to the tolerable intakes and by estimating the Margin of Exposure (MOE) in the case of Pb. In Madeira, metals follow the descending order of Cd > Pb > Hg. Cd stands out as having the highest levels (0.307 mg Cd/kg in oats; 0.237 mg/kg in rye). High levels of Pb (0.347 mg/kg) were also detected in rye. Regarding total mercury, rice stands out (0.0013 mg/kg) followed by wheat (0.001 mg/kg). While all cereals and derivatives except maize consumed in Madeira exceed the maximum value of Cd allowed by the EU, 50.0% of the rye and 25.0% of the corn flour samples exceeded the European Pb limit. The daily consumption of 100 g of oats, rye flour and rye represent high contributions to the TWI of Cd (93.2 – 120%). The MOE values of Pb from the consumption of rye (100 g/day) are 1,294 (nephrotoxic effects) and 3,082 (cardiotoxic effects). In the Azores, corn flour (0.72 mg Pb/kg) stands out with 85.7% of the samples exceeding the maximum Pb EU limit and MOE values of 626 (nephrotoxic effects) and 1,490 (cardiotoxic effects). Regular daily consumption of corn flour makes a low (< 10%) contribution to the Cd TDI. In conclusion, the Pb exposure from the consumption of cereals and derivatives could have toxic effects such as nephrotoxicity or cardiotoxicity in adults. The results highlight the need to set up monitoring and surveillance programs for the safety of cereals and their derivatives in Madeira and the Azores in terms of lead and cadmium.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Autoevaluación y evaluación por pares (iguales) como herramientas de aprendizaje y de evaluación de competencias en la asignatura de Bioestadística y Metodología Científica en Ciencias de la Salud del Grado de Enfermería de la Universidad de León = Self-assessment and peer evaluation (peers) as learning tools and skills assessment in the subject of Biostatistics and Scientific Methodology in Health Sciences of the Degree of Nursing at the University of León

[ES] La entrada en vigor del Espacio Europeo de Educaci´on Superior (EEES) ha supuesto un gran cambio en la metodolog´ıa docente y en los sistemas de evaluaci´on, centr´andose en el proceso de aprendizaje-ense˜nanza en la adquisici´on de competencias. La evaluaci´on por competencias es un proceso de recogida de evidencias (a trav´es de actividades de aprendizaje)y de formulaci´on de valoraciones sobre la medida y la naturaleza del progreso del estudiante, seg´un unos resultados de aprendizaje esperados. Esta metodolog´ıa implica el dise˜no de instrumentos de evaluaci´on que definan con rigor y claridad los indicadores de logro y dominio de las competencias evaluadas. Con ello se pretende incorporar la autoevaluaci´on y la co-evaluaci´on (evaluaci´on por iguales) como herramientas continuas que gu´ıen el aprendizaje y como herramientas para la valoraci´on final del grado de adquisici´on de las competencias. Esto propiciar´a la participaci´on activa del estudiante en su proceso de aprendizaje y evaluaci´on y la mejora significativa de la comunicaci´on de la evaluaci´on por competencias al alumnadoS

The human connection: First evidence of microplastics in remote high mountain lakes of Sierra Nevada, Spain

Data availability Data will be made available on request.Acknowledgements We would like to thank the support of all the citizen volunteers without which this work would not have been possible. We are extremely grateful to the colleagues of the Ecology Department Carmen Pérez, Eloisa Ramos, Jesús Manuel López-Rodríguez and José Antonio Delgado for leading the multidisciplinary research groups. We are indebted to the contribution of Joana Llodrá for lake basins estimations. Dr. Bopaiah Biddanda is acknowledge for his thorough suggestions. We are also grateful to the staff of Sierra Nevada National Park and the Global Change Observatory of Sierra Nevada who have always supported the “74 High Mountain Glacial-Lake Oases” Citizen Science initiative. This research has been funded by a FECYT grant to MVA (FCT- 18-13095), the LifeWatch-ERIC project “Smart EcoMountains” (LifeWatch- 2019-10-832 UGR-01), a FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades project (P20_00105), and by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación project “REMOLADOX” (PID 2020-118872RB-I00). Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUA.Microplastics have become one of the most serious global threats to animal and human health. While their presence has been documented in all Earth water ecosystems, including remote mountain lakes, the observation that the abundance of microplastics is largely different across nearby lakes has rarely been examined. As part of a citizen science initiative, this study analyzed for the first time the abundance of microplastics in the surface of 35 glacial lakes of Sierra Nevada National Park in Southern Spain with the objective of determining the local factors that control their abundance. First, we described the shape, size, color and nature of microplastics. Second, we tested whether the number of microplastics differed between basins and analyzed environmental and morphometrical features of lakes affecting their abundance. We found that microplastics were common in most lakes, with a maximum abundance of 21.3 particles per liter that akin to some of the most microplastic polluted lakes worldwide. Fragments were the predominant shape (59.7%) followed by fibers (38.8%) and very scarce spheres (1.5%). Microplastics were observed for all size-fractions, but the abundance of particles <45 μm was higher, what advocates for the use of low pore-size filters to prevent underestimation of microplastics. While the mean abundance of microplastics did not differ among basins, their quantity was related to the presence of meadows surrounding the lakes. This result indicates that while atmospheric transport of microsplastics may equally reach all basins, differences in microplastics among nearby-lakes has an anthropic origin caused by mountaineers who find lakes with ample meadows much more attractive to visit relative to barren lakes. The staggering number in these remote lakes, headwaters of rivers that feed drinking reservoirs, is a major concern that warrants further investigation and the strict compliance with waste management laws to reduce the harmful impacts of microplastic contamination.FECYT grant to MVA (FCT- 18-13095)LifeWatch-ERIC project “Smart EcoMountains” (LifeWatch- 2019-10-832 UGR-01)FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades project (P20_00105)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación project “REMOLADOX” (PID 2020-118872RB-I00)Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBU

The association of the RSC remodeler complex with chromatin is influenced by the prefoldin-like Bud27 and determines nucleosome positioning and polyadenylation sites usage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The tripartite interaction between the chromatin remodeler complex RSC, RNA polymerase subunit Rpb5 and prefoldin-like Bud27 is necessary for proper RNA pol II elongation. Indeed lack of Bud27 alters this association and affects transcription elongation. This work investigates the consequences of lack of Bud27 on the chromatin association of RSC and RNA pol II, and on nucleosome positioning. Our results demonstrate that RSC binds chromatin in gene bodies and lack of Bud27 alters this association, mainly around polyA sites. This alteration impacts chromatin organization and leads to the accumulation of RNA pol II molecules around polyA sites, likely due to pausing or arrest. Our data suggest that RSC is necessary to maintain chromatin organization around those sites, and any alteration of this organization results in the widespread use of alternative polyA sites. Finally, we also find a similar molecular phenotype that occurs upon TOR inhibition with rapamycin, which suggests that alternative polyadenylation observed upon TOR inhibition is likely Bud27-dependent.Peer reviewe

El antimétodo etnográfico: Desafíos para una forma de trabajo

In this article we present reflections based on our experiences while doing ethnography as a way of conducting research. Thus, we revise the adequacy of ethnography as a notion of “method” which, conceived as a procedure with some degree of standardization of its activities, will allow us to reach an end: knowledge and its communication in a specific way. Our inquiry will unfold in the form of anecdotes, revealing significantexperiences in ethnographic work, even when they come from contexts which are distant to the physical spaces in which fieldwork takes place. The anecdote is a story that is re-told by the paradigmatic sense that it reaches and, as a brief reconstruction of the way in which we were questioned during our fieldwork. The anecdote allows us to identify situations that produce insights, points of reflexivity, forms of affectation, questions to our common sense, recognition of the influence of our theoretical background andacademic training, among others. Fieldwork also breaks with the idea that the “field” is a physical space, thus alerting about different connections that allow us to elucidate the senses of experiences and narrate them.Compartimos aquí reflexiones basadas en nuestras experiencias durante la puesta en práctica de la etnografía como forma de trabajo. Revisamos la adecuación a la etnografía de la noción de “método” que, concebido como procedimiento con algún grado de estandarización de sus actividades, permitiría llegar a un fin: el conocimiento y su comunicación bajo una forma específica. Nuestra indagación se desplegará como anecdotario, revelando experiencias significativas del trabajo etnográfico, inclusive cuando proceden de contextos distantes a los espacios físicos en que se desarrolla el trabajo de campo. A pesar de su mala reputación en el campo científico, la anécdota es una historia que se vuelve a contar por el sentido paradigmático que alcanza. En este caso recurrimos a ella también como breve reconstrucción de la forma en que fuimos interpelados en nuestra labor; esto nos permite identificar situaciones que producen insights, puntas de la reflexividad, formas de afectación, cuestionamientos a nuestro sentido común, reconocimiento de la influencia de nuestros bagajes teóricos y de la formación académica, entre otros. La tarea confirma la idea de que el “campo” no es un espacio físico, impulsando así alertas sobre diferentes conexiones que permiten elucidar los sentidos de las experiencias y narrarlos