Diseño de un manual de procedimiento para la factibilidad de reclutar y seleccionar al personal como una herramienta para mejorar sus procesos en el desarrollo de las pruebas de selección en la empresa Promodinastia.

El siguiente proyecto surgió por las dificultades que se han presentado dentro de la empresa PROMODINASTIA, donde se tiene mucho personal administrativo, hemos diseñado un modelo de pruebas de selección donde se pueda reclutar a toda aquellas persona que esté interesado en permanecer a la organización, siempre y cuando de verdad exista la necesidad de hacerlo y así podremos seleccionar al mejor candidato al puesto, este proceso de reclutamiento y selección del personal tiene como objetivo escoger al candidato para un cargo específico, donde tendremos muy presente su potencial y capacidad de adaptación. Para llevar a cabo tal oficio, se deberá seguir ciertos pasos como las entrevistas psicológicas y técnicas, aplicación de pruebas psicométricas, verificación de referentes, entre otras, por la cual hemos diseñado también un manual de procedimientos, ya que esto va a tener una descripción exacta, de las actividades que se vayan a desarrollar, se ha demostrado el interés completo por parte de los propietarios de PROMODISTIA, donde podremos implementar con el fin de poder lograr una mayor participación en el mercado teniendo las mejores trabajadores dentro de la organización

Violencia de género contra las mujeres en entornos familiares ejercida sobre estudiantes de Trabajo Social de la Universidad de Cuenca en el contexto pandémico Covid-19. Análisis desde el modelo ecológico.

La violencia de género es una de las violaciones de derechos humanos más evidente que conlleva una serie de consecuencias adversas tanto a nivel físico, psicológico, social y familiar. Es así que, durante el periodo de confinamiento obligatorio, a inicios de la pandemia por COVID-19 en el año 2020 ha obligado que las estudiantes se encuentren mayormente dentro de sus hogares, debido a las normas de bioseguridad para evitar la propagación del virus, cambiando repentinamente a una modalidad virtual. Dentro de este contexto, el objetivo general que rige la investigación es analizar desde el modelo ecológico los casos de violencia de género contra las mujeres en el entorno familiar, con la finalidad de proponer estrategias de prevención e intervención en estudiantes de la carrera de Trabajo Social de la Universidad de Cuenca. La investigación es de tipo cuantitativa, con base en el método hipotético deductivo, con una profundidad a nivel descriptivo y correlacional. El instrumento utilizado para la recolección de datos válidos fue una encuesta, los resultados se organizaron mediante el programa estadístico SPSS versión 18, generando un análisis estadístico descriptivo de los tipos de violencia y de la dependencia entre variables de la teoría ecológica relevantes en la violencia de género en las estudiantes. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan la incidencia de los niveles de la teoría Ecológica en la violencia de género en contextos familiares de las estudiantes, recalcando que un 25,25% de las estudiantes han sufrido, manifestada a través de agresiones de tipo físico (8,08%), psicológico (25,25%), sexual (2,02%) y patrimonial (5,05%). Estos hallazgos contribuyen a la creación de estrategias de intervención, desde el área del Trabajo Social, para un abordaje adecuado en un contexto de crisis.The gender-based violence is one of the most obvious human rights violations that entails a series of adverse consequences at the physical, psychological, social and family levels. Thus, during the period of mandatory confinement, at the beginning of the COVD19 pandemic in 2020 has forced students to be mostly indoors thanks to the biosecurity standards to prevent spread of the virus, suddenly switching to a virtual modality. Inside this context the main objective of this investigation is analyze since the ecologic model the cases of gender-based violence against women and their family context, with the purpose of propose strategies of prevention e intervention in Social Workers students from the University of Cuenca. This is qualitative research based on the hypothetical deductive method with a deep descriptive and correlational level. The instrument used for the recollection of valid data was a survey, the results were organized through the statistical program “SPSS” version 18 generating a descriptive statistical analysis of the types of violence and the dependence between the most relevant variables of the ecological theory in gender-based violence in students. The results obtained reflects the incidence of the levels of the Ecological theory in the gender-based violence in the student’s family’s context, emphasizing that a 25,25% of the students has suffered violence, expressed by physical aggressions (8.08%), psychological (25.25%), sexual (2,02%) and patrimonial (5.05%). These findings contribute to the creation of strategies for interventions from the Social Work Area for an adequate approach in a crisis context.Licenciado en Trabajo SocialCuenc

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Anti-TNF Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review

Infliximab and adalimumab are monoclonal antibodies against tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) used to manage inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) has been proven to prevent immunogenicity, to achieve better long-term clinical results and to save costs in IBD treatment. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review on cost-effectiveness analyses of studies that apply TDM of anti-TNF in IBD and to provide a critical analysis of the best scientific knowledge available in the literature. The quality of the included studies was assessed using Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS). Cost-effectiveness of the TDM strategies was presented as total costs, cost savings, quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Thirteen studies that examined the health economics of TDM of anti-TNF in IBD from 2013 to 2021 were included. Eight of them (61.5%) achieved a score between 17 and 23 on the CHEERS checklist. The comparison between the TDM strategy and an empirical strategy was cost saving. The ICER between reactive TDM and an empirical strategy was dominated (favorable) by reactive TDM, whereas the ICER value for proactive TDM compared to an empirical strategy ranged from EUR 56,845 to 3,901,554. This systematic review demonstrated that a TDM strategy is cost-effective or cost-saving in IBD.S.M.-M. received a predoctoral fellowship from Miguel Hernandez University (“Ayudas a la contratación de personal investigador en formación 2021”).S

Conductas alimentarias de riesgo y su relación con el índice de masa corporal de los adolecentes.

Objective. Analyze risky eating behaviors in adolescents from 14 to 19 years of age from the Santa Maria del Toachi parish. Materials and Methods. It was developed from a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design of correlational type. In addition, from a non-probabilistic convenience sampling with a sample of 394 male and female adolescents. For the collection of information, the survey was used with its own instrument, which was the questionnaire. Results. It was possible to observe that of the 394 adolescents (total sample) 53,3% correspond to the female sex and 36,1% have changes in weight. The highest risk index for eating disorders that usually occur in adolescents with normal weight and weight changes is skipping meals with 1.140 and dieting to lose weight with 0.791. Conclusions. Adolescents opt for risky eating behaviors such as concern about gaining weight, the need to eat excessive food, limiting themselves to eating at some time (breakfast, lunch and snack), dieting to lose weight and also activities that require physical effort.Las conductas alimentarias de riesgo son el resultado de los tipos de hábitos alimentarios de una persona. Estas conductas ponen en peligro las condiciones físicas, emocionales e incluso su entorno social debido a las prácticas erróneas del control del peso que, en efecto, al no ser detectadas y abordadas a tiempo, pueden manifestarse e incluso acumularse hasta el punto de convertirse en una patología alimentaria. Por tanto, por medio de esta investigación se pretende analizar las conductas alimentarias de riesgo y su relación con el índice de masa corporal de los adolescentes, debido a que, por los cambios que experimentan en esta etapa de la vida, son más vulnerables a la insatisfacción de su imagen corporal, por lo que representa un motivo de preocupación al momento de establecer relaciones interpersonales con la sociedad, por el deseo de conseguir o mantener un cuerpo delgado

A decade of theory as reflected in Psychological Science (2009–2019)

The dominant belief is that science progresses by testing theories and moving towards theoretical consensus. While it’s implicitly assumed that psychology operates in this manner, critical discussions claim that the field suffers from a lack of cumulative theory. To examine this paradox, we analysed research published in Psychological Science from 2009–2019 (N = 2,225). We found mention of 359 theories in-text, most were referred to only once. Only 53.66% of all manuscripts included the word theory, and only 15.33% explicitly claimed to test predictions derived from theories. We interpret this to suggest that the majority of research published in this flagship journal is not driven by theory, nor can it be contributing to cumulative theory building. These data provide insight into the kinds of research psychologists are conducting and raises questions about the role of theory in the psychological sciences

Global Tobacco Economics Consortium

A 50% increase in cigarette prices would lead to millions of life-years gained through smoking cessation, across the study countries (India, Indonesia, Bangladesh, the Philippines, Vietnam, Armenia, China, Mexico, Turkey, Brazil, Colombia, Thailand, and Chile). About 15.5 million men would avoid catastrophic health expenditures and 8.8 million would avoid falling below the World Bank definition of extreme poverty. Despite differences in socioeconomic class and health finance arrangements, a 50% increase in tobacco prices strongly favours those in the bottom income group for life-years saved, out-of-pocket expenses from tobacco attributable treatment costs averted, and avoidance of catastrophic health expenditures or poverty

The effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background A growing body of research identifies the harmful effects that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs; occurring during childhood or adolescence; eg, child maltreatment or exposure to domestic violence) have on health throughout life. Studies have quantified such effects for individual ACEs. However, ACEs frequently co-occur and no synthesis of findings from studies measuring the effect of multiple ACE types has been done. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched five electronic databases for cross-sectional, case-control, or cohort studies published up to May 6, 2016, reporting risks of health outcomes, consisting of substance use, sexual health, mental health, weight and physical exercise, violence, and physical health status and conditions, associated with multiple ACEs. We selected articles that presented risk estimates for individuals with at least four ACEs compared with those with none for outcomes with sufficient data for meta-analysis (at least four populations). Included studies also focused on adults aged at least 18 years with a sample size of at least 100. We excluded studies based on high-risk or clinical populations. We extracted data from published reports. We calculated pooled odds ratios (ORs) using a random-effects model. Findings Of 11 621 references identified by the search, 37 included studies provided risk estimates for 23 outcomes, with a total of 253 719 participants. Individuals with at least four ACEs were at increased risk of all health outcomes compared with individuals with no ACEs. Associations were weak or modest for physical inactivity, overweight or obesity, and diabetes (ORs of less than two); moderate for smoking, heavy alcohol use, poor self-rated health, cancer, heart disease, and respiratory disease (ORs of two to three), strong for sexual risk taking, mental ill health, and problematic alcohol use (ORs of more than three to six), and strongest for problematic drug use and interpersonal and self-directed violence (ORs of more than seven). We identified considerable heterogeneity (I 2 of > 75%) between estimates for almost half of the outcomes. Interpretation To have multiple ACEs is a major risk factor for many health conditions. The outcomes most strongly associated with multiple ACEs represent ACE risks for the next generation (eg, violence, mental illness, and substance use). To sustain improvements in public health requires a shift in focus to include prevention of ACEs, resilience building, and ACE-informed service provision. The Sustainable Development Goals provide a global platform to reduce ACEs and their life-course effect on health. Funding Public Health Wales. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licens

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p<0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p<0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

Taxing tobacco

행사명 : Joint World Bank-KDI workshop on taxation and growt

The Role of the States in the Civil Rights Dialogue

Civil rights are expanded and contracted. Salient changes to federal immigration policy in 2017 sparked a national dialogue over who can and should be admitted to, or excluded from, U.S. borders and the country’s educational, employment, and other systems; who has the power to make those decisions; and the limits on that power. States, including Washington, featured prominently in the legal dialogue on the President’s Travel Ban and rescission of the DACA program. This presentation will explore the tensions between the federal government and the States, as well as those among the States, in the course of the legal debate. About the Lecturer: Patricio A. Marquez is an Assistant Attorney General in the Wing Luke Civil Rights Unit of the Washington State Attorney General’s Office. He is a member of the Travel Ban litigation team and investigates and litigates housing, employment, and public accommodations discrimination matters on behalf of the State. Prior to joining the Civil Rights Unit, Mr. Marquez worked in the Consumer Protection Division, where he led enforcement efforts against unlawful business practices affecting immigrant consumers. Mr. Marquez is a former instructor in the Law, Diversity & Justice Program at Fairhaven College. He attended Columbia Law School and Stanford University