A gerontopsychomotor rehabilitation program can revert losses of motor and cognitive functioning on nursing home residentes.

NTRODUCTION European Union older adults number and old-age-dependency has increased (Eurostat, 2015). A frequent answer for their care needs is nursing home admission, although this solution tends to exacerbate older adults losses of cognitive and motor functioning (Frandin et al., 2016). OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of a psychomotor intervention, accomplished by a multimodal exercise program alternating exercises mainly motor with exercises mainly cognitive, on executive and physical function of nursing homes residents. METHODS This study included 34 nursing home residents (82.4±6.3 yrs): 17 were allocated to the experimental group (EG: engaged on a 10- weeks multimodal exercise program), and 17 to a control group (maintained usual activities). Planning ability and selective attention were assessed by the Tower of London task and the attention Test d2, respectively. Physical function was assessed by the Senior Fitness Test and the Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment. RESULTS Comparison between groups evidenced that the EG improved planning ability variables from5% to 32%, attention variables from 19% to 67%, and physical function variables (aerobic endurance, lower body strength, agility, balance, gait, and mobility) from 11% to 41% (p<0.05), corresponding to an effect size ranging from 0.29 to 1.11. CONCLUSIONS The program induced improvements in the participants ́ executive functions (planning ability and attention) and physical functions, with a treatment effect from small to high. This shows that the psychomotor intervention was able to revert the usual loss of cognitive and motor functioning in old and very old institutionalized persons

Aptidão física funcional e qualidade de vida em mulheres praticantes de hidroginástica e ginásio com máquinas hidráulicas

Resulta de común conocimiento que, como otros seres vivos, también las mujeres sufren diversas alteraciones anatómicas, fisiológicas y psicológicas a lo largo de su desarrollo (Bonganha, Santos, Rocha, Chacon-Mikahil & Madruga, 2008). A medida que la edad cronológica avanza, el cambio corporal se va evidenciando, sobre todo debido a la disminución de la masa libre de grasa, al aumento de la masa grasa, a la disminución de la densidad mineral ósea (Callejon, Franceschini, Montes & Toloi, 2005) y a la reducción de algunas aptitudes funcionales. Algunos autores señalan que el envejecimiento acarrea una pérdida de autonomía y de aptitud física, ocurriendo así una pérdida en la capacidad funcional (Valle, 2007 citado por Pendergast, Fisher & Calkins, 1993). Por su parte, Matuso, Matsudo y Neto (2000) añaden que la pérdida de masa ósea y muscular, además del envejecimiento, puede deberse a la inactividad física, por lo que el ejercicio físico se considera beneficioso en la promoción y el mantenimiento de la salud. Objetivo: Estudiar la relación entre la edad posmenopáusica, la aptitud física funcional y la calidad de vida en mujeres practicantes de hidrogimnasia y gimnasia con máquinas hidráulicas. También pretendemos percibir si existen diferencias en las variables referidas en función del tipo de ejercicio practicado.It is common knowledge that, like other living beings, women also suffer various anatomical, physiological and psychological alterations throughout their development (Bonganha, Santos, Rocha, Chacon-Mikahil & Madruga, 2008). As the chronological age progresses, the corporal change becomes evident, mainly due to the decrease of the fat-free mass, the increase of the fat mass, to the decrease of the bone mineral density (Callejon, Franceschini, Montes & Toloi, 2005) and the reduction of some functional abilities. Some authors point out that aging entails a loss of autonomy and physical fitness, thus causing a loss in functional capacity (Valle, 2007 cited by Pendergast, Fisher & Calkins, 1993). Meanwhile, Matuso, Matsudo and Neto (2000) added that the loss of bone and muscle mass, in addition to aging, may be due to physical inactivity, so that physical exercise is considered beneficial in the promotion and maintenance of the health. Objective: To study the relationship between postmenopausal age, functional physical fitness and quality of life in women practicing hidrogym and gymnastics with hydraulic machines. We also intend to perceive if there are differences in the referred variables depending on the type of exercise practiced.Como é do conhecimento comum, tal como outros seres vivos, também as mulheres passam por diversas alterações anatómicas, fisiológicas e psicológicas ao longo do seu desenvolvimento (Bonganha, Santos, Rocha, Chacon-Mikahil & Madruga, 2008). Há medida que a idade cronológica avança, a mudança corporal vai-se evidenciando, sobretudo devido à diminuição da massa livre de gordura, ao aumento da massa gorda, à diminuição da densidade mineral óssea (Callejon, Franceschini, Montes & Toloi, 2005) e à redução de algumas aptidões funcionais. Alguns autores referem que o envelhecimento acarreta uma perda de autonomia e de aptidão física, ocorrendo, assim, uma perda na capacidade funcional (Valle, 2007 citado por Pendergast, Fisher & Calkins, 1993). Por seu lado, Matuso, Matsudo e Neto (2000) acrescentam ainda que a perda da massa óssea e muscular, para além do envelhecimento, pode dever-se à inatividade física, pelo que o exercício físico é considerado benéfico na promoção e na manutenção da saúde. Objetivo: Estudar a relação entre a idade pós-menopausa, a aptidão física funcional e a qualidade de vida em mulheres praticantes de hidroginástica e ginásio com máquinas hidráulicas. Pretendemos ainda perceber se existem diferenças nas variáveis referidas em função do tipo de exercício praticado.peerReviewe

Increased physical activity and fitness above the 50th percentile prevents the institutionalization of elderly people: a cross-sectional pilot study.

Introduction Institutionalization in a nursing home restricts autonomy, most notably free will, free choice, and free action. Decreased physical activity and fitness are predictive of disability and dependence (Rikli & Jones, 2013; Tak, Kuiper, Chorus, & Hopman-Rock, 2014); however little is known about the impact of these factors on institutionalization. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the impact of physical activity and fitness and on the risk of elderly people without cognitive impairment become institutionalized. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 195 non-institutionalized (80.14.4yrs) and 186 institutionalized (83.85.2yrs) participants. Cognitive impairment was assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination, physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and measures of physical fitness were determined by the Senior Fitness Test. Results: Multivariate binary logistic analysis selected 4 main predictors of institutionalization in both genders. The likelihood of becoming institutionalized increased by +18.6% for each additional year of age, while it decreased by -24.8% by each fewer kg/m2 in BMI, by -0.9% for each additional meter performed in the aerobic endurance test and by -2.0% for each additional 100MET-min/wk of physical activity expenditure (p<0.05). Values ≤50th percentile (age ≥81yrs, BMI≥26.7kg/m2, aerobic endurance ≤367.6m, and physical activity ≤693MET-min/wk) were computed using Receiver Operating Characteristics analysis as cut-offs discriminating institutionalized from non-institutionalized elderly people. Conclusion The performance of physical activity, allied to an improvement in physical fitness (mainly BMI and aerobic endurance) may prevent the institutionalization of elderly people without cognitive impairment only if they are above the 50th percentile; the following is highly recommend: expending ≥693MET-min/wk on physical activity, being ≤26.7kg/m2 on BMI, and being able to walk ≥367.6m in the aerobic endurance test, especially above the age of 80 years. The discovery of this trigger justifies the development of physical activity programs targeting the pointed cut-offs in old, and very old people