Review of A Troublesome Inheritance by Nicholas Wade

Review of A Troublesome Inheritance: Genes, Race and Human History, by Nicholas Wade. New York: Penguin Press, 2013. x + 278 pp. 978-1-5942-0446-3 (hardcover). US $27.95

Review of \u27A Troublesome Inheritance\u27 by Nicholas Wade

Review of A Troublesome Inheritance: Genes, Race and Human History, by Nicholas Wade. New York: Penguin Press, 2013. x + 278 pp. 978-1-5942-0446-3 (hardcover). US $27.95

Democratic Education

A Review of Democratic Education by Amy Gutman

Toward a Unified Theory of Professional Ethics and Human Rights

This Article offers a novel account of the relationship between the ethical obligations of professionals and international human rights law and practice. The account is motivated by the role that professionals played in the Bush administration\u27s war on terror -in particular, the global detention and interrogation regimes that incarcerated tens of thousands of detainees, and abused many of them. In the most extreme cases, professionals may have committed serious international crimes rendering them liable to criminal prosecution in foreign courts. Serious concerns have also been raised about the ethics of professionals\u27 conduct. Psychologists were the principal architects of the aggressive detention and interrogation regimes operated by both the U.S. Defense Department and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). These regimes incorporated a variety of coercive techniques including sleep deprivation, exposure to temperature extremes and loud noise, stress positions, and-in the case of the CIA-dousing with cold water and waterboarding, the now infamous procedure that induces a desperate feeling of suffocation in those exposed to it

Kolb Interrupted : An investigation into students' experience of an experiential learning approach to entrepreneurship education

Entrepreneurial activity is widely regarded as a primary driver of socio-economic development. Alongside structural and systemic support, entrepreneurship education is a critical factor in improving entrepreneurial activity. While entrepreneurship education initiatives abound, little is understood about the effectiveness and pedagogical basis of these programmes, especially from the perspective of the student. This thesis focuses on a case study of a South African programme of entrepreneurship education designed around Kolb's Experiential Learning Cycle. The research employs a phenomenographic framework to identify the qualitatively different ways in which students experience this experiential learning approach to entrepreneurship education. This research shows that students' ways of experiencing learning can be characterised in one of two ways; a superficial way of experiencing learning in which students takes on a less sophisticated and surface view of learning, and an immersed way of experiencing learning in which students' engage in a deep and sophisticated manner. These ways of experiencing learning suggest two ways in which Kolb's Experiential Learning Cycle is interrupted; firstly, at the point of concrete experience, and secondly, at the point of reflective observation. This study makes a contribution to knowledge by examining experiential learning from the perspective of the student, and shows how programmes of entrepreneurship education can be better designed, in order to have an impact on entrepreneurial activity and socio-economic development

Confusing the Fifth Amendment with the Sixth: Lower Court Misapplication of the \u3cem\u3eInnis\u3c/em\u3e Definition of Interrogation

This Note examines how these courts have applied or misapplied Innis, and concludes that, while many of these decisions are consistent with Miranda and Innis, too many others are not. In order to evaluate these cases, it is first necessary to understand the meaning and significance of Innis. Part I thus considers Innis and its background. Part II then examines lower court decisions applying the Innis test, dividing these decisions into six groups based on the most common factual scenarios. Because the cases deal with factually specific police practices, this method constitutes the most useful way to analyze the impact of the Innis definition of interrogation. Part III proposes a reading of the Innis test that avoids the difficulties encountered by lower courts and that is consistent with the dictates of Miranda and Innis. The Note concludes by considering how lower courts applying Innis have confused fifth and sixth amendment methods of analysis

How will climate change impact market requirements for Victoria’s food exports?

Consumers and retailers contribute to shaping product requirements for food producers and manufacturers. The State of Victoria is a net food exporter and consumers and retailers in food export markets are of particular interest to Victorian food producers and manufacturers. Consumers and retailers in export markets are responding to climate change and this study seeks to understand how such responses may impact up the value chain to affect food producers. Some of the world’s largest retailers are beginning to encourage their suppliers to reduce their carbon emissions. This is being driven by concern for the environment but is commonly a justifiable business decision as well. In addition to regulatory pressure and/or environmental concern there are market drivers that may compel food producers to respond to climate change

Effects of preservation method on canine (Canis lupus familiaris) fecal microbiota.

Studies involving gut microbiome analysis play an increasing role in the evaluation of health and disease in humans and animals alike. Fecal sampling methods for DNA preservation in laboratory, clinical, and field settings can greatly influence inferences of microbial composition and diversity, but are often inconsistent and under-investigated between studies. Many laboratories have utilized either temperature control or preservation buffers for optimization of DNA preservation, but few studies have evaluated the effects of combining both methods to preserve fecal microbiota. To determine the optimal method for fecal DNA preservation, we collected fecal samples from one canine donor and stored aliquots in RNAlater, 70% ethanol, 50:50 glycerol:PBS, or without buffer at 25 °C, 4 °C, and -80 °C. Fecal DNA was extracted, quantified, and 16S rRNA gene analysis performed on Days 0, 7, 14, and 56 to evaluate changes in DNA concentration, purity, and bacterial diversity and composition over time. We detected overall effects on bacterial community of storage buffer (F-value = 6.87, DF = 3, P < 0.001), storage temperature (F-value=1.77, DF = 3, P = 0.037), and duration of sample storage (F-value = 3.68, DF = 3, P < 0.001). Changes in bacterial composition were observed in samples stored in -80 °C without buffer, a commonly used method for fecal DNA storage, suggesting that simply freezing samples may be suboptimal for bacterial analysis. Fecal preservation with 70% ethanol and RNAlater closely resembled that of fresh samples, though RNAlater yielded significantly lower DNA concentrations (DF = 8.57, P < 0.001). Although bacterial composition varied with temperature and buffer storage, 70% ethanol was the best method for preserving bacterial DNA in canine feces, yielding the highest DNA concentration and minimal changes in bacterial diversity and composition. The differences observed between samples highlight the need to consider optimized post-collection methods in microbiome research